OBJECTIVES: To report the development, validation, and findings of the Multi-dimensional Attention Rating Scale (MARS), a self-report tool crafted to evaluate six-dimension attention levels. METHODS: The MARS was developed based on Classical Test Theory (CTT). Totally 202 highly educated healthy adult participants were recruited for reliability and validity tests. Reliability was measured using Cronbach's alpha and test-retest reliability. Structural validity was explored using principal component analysis. Criterion validity was analyzed by correlating MARS scores with the Toronto Hospital Alertness Test (THAT), the Attentional Control Scale (ACS), and the Attention Network Test (ANT). RESULTS: The MARS comprises 12 items spanning six distinct dimensions of attention: focused attention, sustained attention, shifting attention, selective attention, divided attention, and response inhibition.As assessed by six experts, the content validation index (CVI) was 0.95, the Cronbach's alpha for the MARS was 0.78, and the test-retest reliability was 0.81. Four factors were identified (cumulative variance contribution rate 68.79%). The total score of MARS was correlated positively with THAT (r = 0.60, P < 0.01) and ACS (r = 0.78, P < 0.01) and negatively with ANT's reaction time for alerting (r = -0.31, P = 0.049). CONCLUSIONS The MARS can reliably and validly assess six-dimension attention levels in real-world settings and is expected to be a new tool for assessing multi-dimensional attention impairments in different mental disorders.
Humans ; Adult ; Male ; Attention/physiology* ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Reproducibility of Results ; Young Adult ; Psychometrics

Synergistic development and governance among medical services,medical insurance and medicines are crucial for achieving high-quality healthcare and successful healthcare system reform.It systematically analyzes and summarizes Dongtai City's practice on synergistic development and governance among medical services,medical insurance and medicines,highlighted by the reform experiences and measures of the closed-loop system,including strategic design(navigator),leadership for organizing(engine),integration of resources(fuel tank),coordinating instruments(lubricant),and evaluation and feedback(barometer),which are refined into the SLICE model for synergistic development and governance of the"three medical professions".It also proposes to stimulate synergistic governance on healthcare through reform and innovation,fully leveraging the leading role of Party committees and governments at all levels and establishing a cross-departmental deliberative and coordination mechanism for synergistic healthcare governance.It aims to engage diverse stakeholders in synergistic governance and strengthen systematic synergistic governance measures to ensure that the synergistic development of the"three medical professions"and governance reforms are on a steady course.

Synergistic development and governance among medical services,medical insurance and medicines are crucial for achieving high-quality healthcare and successful healthcare system reform.It systematically analyzes and summarizes Dongtai City's practice on synergistic development and governance among medical services,medical insurance and medicines,highlighted by the reform experiences and measures of the closed-loop system,including strategic design(navigator),leadership for organizing(engine),integration of resources(fuel tank),coordinating instruments(lubricant),and evaluation and feedback(barometer),which are refined into the SLICE model for synergistic development and governance of the"three medical professions".It also proposes to stimulate synergistic governance on healthcare through reform and innovation,fully leveraging the leading role of Party committees and governments at all levels and establishing a cross-departmental deliberative and coordination mechanism for synergistic healthcare governance.It aims to engage diverse stakeholders in synergistic governance and strengthen systematic synergistic governance measures to ensure that the synergistic development of the"three medical professions"and governance reforms are on a steady course.

Synergistic development and governance among medical services,medical insurance and medicines are crucial for achieving high-quality healthcare and successful healthcare system reform.It systematically analyzes and summarizes Dongtai City's practice on synergistic development and governance among medical services,medical insurance and medicines,highlighted by the reform experiences and measures of the closed-loop system,including strategic design(navigator),leadership for organizing(engine),integration of resources(fuel tank),coordinating instruments(lubricant),and evaluation and feedback(barometer),which are refined into the SLICE model for synergistic development and governance of the"three medical professions".It also proposes to stimulate synergistic governance on healthcare through reform and innovation,fully leveraging the leading role of Party committees and governments at all levels and establishing a cross-departmental deliberative and coordination mechanism for synergistic healthcare governance.It aims to engage diverse stakeholders in synergistic governance and strengthen systematic synergistic governance measures to ensure that the synergistic development of the"three medical professions"and governance reforms are on a steady course.

Synergistic development and governance among medical services,medical insurance and medicines are crucial for achieving high-quality healthcare and successful healthcare system reform.It systematically analyzes and summarizes Dongtai City's practice on synergistic development and governance among medical services,medical insurance and medicines,highlighted by the reform experiences and measures of the closed-loop system,including strategic design(navigator),leadership for organizing(engine),integration of resources(fuel tank),coordinating instruments(lubricant),and evaluation and feedback(barometer),which are refined into the SLICE model for synergistic development and governance of the"three medical professions".It also proposes to stimulate synergistic governance on healthcare through reform and innovation,fully leveraging the leading role of Party committees and governments at all levels and establishing a cross-departmental deliberative and coordination mechanism for synergistic healthcare governance.It aims to engage diverse stakeholders in synergistic governance and strengthen systematic synergistic governance measures to ensure that the synergistic development of the"three medical professions"and governance reforms are on a steady course.

Synergistic development and governance among medical services,medical insurance and medicines are crucial for achieving high-quality healthcare and successful healthcare system reform.It systematically analyzes and summarizes Dongtai City's practice on synergistic development and governance among medical services,medical insurance and medicines,highlighted by the reform experiences and measures of the closed-loop system,including strategic design(navigator),leadership for organizing(engine),integration of resources(fuel tank),coordinating instruments(lubricant),and evaluation and feedback(barometer),which are refined into the SLICE model for synergistic development and governance of the"three medical professions".It also proposes to stimulate synergistic governance on healthcare through reform and innovation,fully leveraging the leading role of Party committees and governments at all levels and establishing a cross-departmental deliberative and coordination mechanism for synergistic healthcare governance.It aims to engage diverse stakeholders in synergistic governance and strengthen systematic synergistic governance measures to ensure that the synergistic development of the"three medical professions"and governance reforms are on a steady course.

Synergistic development and governance among medical services,medical insurance and medicines are crucial for achieving high-quality healthcare and successful healthcare system reform.It systematically analyzes and summarizes Dongtai City's practice on synergistic development and governance among medical services,medical insurance and medicines,highlighted by the reform experiences and measures of the closed-loop system,including strategic design(navigator),leadership for organizing(engine),integration of resources(fuel tank),coordinating instruments(lubricant),and evaluation and feedback(barometer),which are refined into the SLICE model for synergistic development and governance of the"three medical professions".It also proposes to stimulate synergistic governance on healthcare through reform and innovation,fully leveraging the leading role of Party committees and governments at all levels and establishing a cross-departmental deliberative and coordination mechanism for synergistic healthcare governance.It aims to engage diverse stakeholders in synergistic governance and strengthen systematic synergistic governance measures to ensure that the synergistic development of the"three medical professions"and governance reforms are on a steady course.

Synergistic development and governance among medical services,medical insurance and medicines are crucial for achieving high-quality healthcare and successful healthcare system reform.It systematically analyzes and summarizes Dongtai City's practice on synergistic development and governance among medical services,medical insurance and medicines,highlighted by the reform experiences and measures of the closed-loop system,including strategic design(navigator),leadership for organizing(engine),integration of resources(fuel tank),coordinating instruments(lubricant),and evaluation and feedback(barometer),which are refined into the SLICE model for synergistic development and governance of the"three medical professions".It also proposes to stimulate synergistic governance on healthcare through reform and innovation,fully leveraging the leading role of Party committees and governments at all levels and establishing a cross-departmental deliberative and coordination mechanism for synergistic healthcare governance.It aims to engage diverse stakeholders in synergistic governance and strengthen systematic synergistic governance measures to ensure that the synergistic development of the"three medical professions"and governance reforms are on a steady course.

Synergistic development and governance among medical services,medical insurance and medicines are crucial for achieving high-quality healthcare and successful healthcare system reform.It systematically analyzes and summarizes Dongtai City's practice on synergistic development and governance among medical services,medical insurance and medicines,highlighted by the reform experiences and measures of the closed-loop system,including strategic design(navigator),leadership for organizing(engine),integration of resources(fuel tank),coordinating instruments(lubricant),and evaluation and feedback(barometer),which are refined into the SLICE model for synergistic development and governance of the"three medical professions".It also proposes to stimulate synergistic governance on healthcare through reform and innovation,fully leveraging the leading role of Party committees and governments at all levels and establishing a cross-departmental deliberative and coordination mechanism for synergistic healthcare governance.It aims to engage diverse stakeholders in synergistic governance and strengthen systematic synergistic governance measures to ensure that the synergistic development of the"three medical professions"and governance reforms are on a steady course.

The typical regions have established a coordinated chronic disease management organization system,promoted the coordinated management of health care,medical,and medicine systems,optimized the chronic disease service process,and empowered the grassroots through information technology construction.It has achieved different degrees of results in controlling the condition of patients,reducing the hospitalization rate and the level of medical expenses of patients with chronic diseases,and saving medical insurance funds.