The main principles for plastic and reconstructive surgery is to choose the flap donor site with the least damage to the body, so that the recipient site can obtain the best appearance and maximum functional recovery. Perforator flaps are widely used in the field of repair and reconstruction because they conform to this concept. The polyfoliate perforator flap is a special form of the perforator flap. Through the ingenious design, the width can be changed to the length, so that the donor site of the flap can be directly closed; and only one donor site needs to be damaged and a group of blood vessels are anastomosed. It reduces the damage to the body and shorten the operation time. This kind of flap has become a hot spot in clinical repair of large and irregular wounds. The segmented perforator flap further enriches the connotation of the perforator flap and expand the indications of the perforator flap. This article systematically reviews the historical development and evolution of the polyfoliate perforator flap, summarises the clinical application progress of the polyfoliate perforator flap in recent years, and aims to further promote the application and development of the polyfoliate perforator flap in the repair of complex wounds.

Objective:To explore the relationship between their proficiency, needle penetration angle and the success rate of puncture by using a self-developed venipuncture angle monitor based on remote sensing technology, and measured the needle penetration angle of people with different venipuncture proficiency levels.Methods:A total of 30 sophomore medical school undergraduates without venipuncture experience and 30 nurses with more than 3 years of clinical experience each were recruited. Volunteers performed punctures on a rubber puncture model of the arm. The result of each puncture, the volunteer′s estimated insertion angle, and the actual insertion angle measured by the monitor were recorded and analyzed.Results:The puncture success rate of the nurse group was 96.7% (58/60), and the puncture success rate of the student group was 51.7% (31/60). The puncture success rate of the nurse group was higher than that of the student group( χ2 value was 29.4, P<0.05); The estimated difference of the average angle of the nurse group was (5.2 ± 1.9) °, and the estimated difference of the average angle of the student group was (8.9 ± 2.6) °. The estimated difference of the nurse group was less than the student group ( Z value was -7.10, P<0.05); the most suitable venipuncture angle range for beginners was (31.6 ± 6.4)°. Conclusions:There is a correlation between the success rate of venipuncture and the puncture angle, and optimum puncture angle for beginners in the controlled model was (31.6±6.4)°. At both skill levels, operator estimates of the puncture angle were commonly larger than the actual angle. The angle monitor based on remote sensing technology makes the precise study of venipuncture possible.

Objective To compare the various partial Fourier reconstruction algorithms in MRI image processing and their advantages and disadvantages for improving algorithm .Methods Based on the conjugate symmetry in k‐space data in the partial Fourier reconstruction algorithm theory ,the 1 .5T medical magnetic resonance equipment was utilized ,the k‐space data were collect‐ed ,in reconstruction ,only 55% -80% of full data were utilized to simulate the partial collection pattern and reconstruct the images by using the several algorithms of zero filling ,conjugate synthesis ,Homodyne detection and POCS .Results The results presented that the ringing artifact was most obvious in the conjugate filling pattern and the POCS algorithm had the best effect for eliminating the ringing artifact .Conclusion The POCS algorithm repeatedly uses the weighted iteration with low frequency phase positions , which eliminates artifact ,meanwhile causes the lose of high frequency image details ,moreover the time consuming is longer ;the Ho‐modyne algorithm can keep a good balance between maintaining the image details and diminishing ringing .If the Sinc function serves as a weighting function for conducting phase unwrapping ,the image quality may be further improved .