In recent years， the incidence of pulmonary nodules has kept rising. To give full play to the advantages of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） in the treatment of pulmonary nodules and identify the breakthrough points of integrating TCM with Western medicine， the China Association of Chinese Medicine organized medical experts in TCM and western medicine to carry out in-depth discussion regarding this disease. The discussion encompassed the modern medical advances， TCM theories of etiology and pathogenesis， the role and advantages of TCM in the whole course management of pulmonary nodules， contents and methods of research on pulmonary nodules， and science popularization work， aiming to provide a reference for clinical practice and scientific research. After discussion， the experts concluded that the occurrence of pulmonary nodules was rooted in the deficiency of the lung and spleen and triggered by phlegm dampness， blood stasis， and Qi stagnation. TCM can treat pulmonary nodules by controlling and reducing nodules， improving physical constitution， ameliorating multi-system nodular diseases， reducing anxiety and avoiding excessive diagnosis and treatment， and serving as an alternative for patients who are unwilling or unfit for surgical treatment. At present， the optimal diagnosis and treatment strategy for pulmonary nodules has not been formed， which needs to be further studied from multiple perspectives such as clinical epidemiology， biology， and evidence-based medicine. The primary task of current research is to find out the advantages， effective prescriptions， and target populations and determine the effective outcomes of TCM in the treatment of pulmonary nodules. At the same time， basic research should be carried out to explore the etiology and biological behaviors of pulmonary nodules. The expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary nodules with integrated TCM and Western medicine needs to be continuously revised to guide clinicians to conduct standardized， scientific， and accurate effective diagnosis and treatment.

Objective To investigate the effect of Salvia miltiorrhiza on cardiac function and hypersensitive C reactive protein in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Methods The clinical data of 80 patients with myocardial infarction admitted to our hospital from October 2016 to December 2017 were randomly selected and analyzed. They were randomly divided into control group (40 cases) and experimental group (40 cases). The control group was treated with standardized treatment. The experimental group was given salvianolic acid on this basis. Cardiac function improvement, hypersensitivity C reactive protein (hs-CRP), serum cardiac troponin I (cTnI), creatine kinase isoenzyme (CKMB) and total effective rate of two groups were compared. Results The treatment group of patients with heart function improved significantly better than the control group, the two groups have statistical significance compared to patients in the treatment group (P＜0. 05); high sensitivity C reactive protein score and serum cardiac troponin I and creatine kinase were significantly better than the control group, with statistically significant differences between data (P＜0. 05). After treatment, the total effective rate of the treatment group was 92. 50％, while that of the control group was 80％. The treatment group was significantly higher than the control group, and the data comparison was statistically significant (P＜0. 05). Conclusion Salvia salvianolic acid salt can significantly improve the cardiac function and hypersensitivity C reaction protein in patients with myocardial infarction.

Objective To explore the role of remote ischemic preconditioning(RIPC)in prevention of contrast -induced nephropathy(CIN)in elderly patients undergoing coronary artery angiography(CAA).Methods 106 elderly patients were enrolled in this randomized control trial.According to random number table,the patients were randomized into control group (n =53)and RIPC group(n =53).All of the patients received 1 000mL of 0.9% sodium chloride injection before CAA.The RIPC group patients underwent RIPC in their right arms with sphygmomanometer cuff infla-tion for 5 minutes prior to the CAA,three cycles were repeated.Serum creatinine was detected before and 48 hours after CAA.Results CIN was reported in 10 cases in the control group and 3 cases in the RIPC group(χ2 =4.30, P =0.04).The levels of serum creatinine were increased[(96.38 ±9.50)μmol/L vs (88.87 ±10.24)μmol/L] after CAA in the control group(t =2.28,P =0.03),and there was no difference in the RIPC group(t =1.17,P =0.24).Conclusion RIPC has a protective effect on CIN in elderly patients in our study.Since this method is harm-less and cost effective,further studies is required to popularize PIPC to our clinical practice for prevention of CIN.

Cathepisn D plays a key role in early process of apoptosis before mitochondrion damage and caspases activations, and also involves in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) have been suggested to inhibit the progress of apoptosis. Fucoidan, a nature GAGs mimetic, is shown as a potential candidate for neuroregressive disease. Here we reported PC12 cells response to oxidative stress with clear cathepsin D release, followed by caspase-3 activation. We found that fucoidan treatment can alleviate cathepsin D and caspase-3 activation, and improve cell survival. Furthermore, for the first time, fucoidan was shown to directly inhibit human liver cathepsin D by a dose-dependent way. These results support that cathepsin D involves in early apoptosis, suggest that fucoidan can decrease apoptosis at lysosome-cathepsin D level, which opens a new therapeutic approach to AD.
Alzheimer Disease ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Caspase Inhibitors ; Cathepsin D ; antagonists & inhibitors ; metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Survival ; drug effects ; Humans ; Hydrogen Peroxide ; metabolism ; Oxidative Stress ; drug effects ; PC12 Cells ; Polysaccharides ; pharmacology ; Rats

OBJECTIVEWuji pill is a prescription of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) and was composed of Rhizoma Coptidis, Fructus Evodiae Rutaecarpae and Radix Paeoniae Alba. The aim of this research is to investigate the effects of Wuji pill compound with different compatibility on the levels of enzymic activity of cytochrome P450 CYP3A1/3A2 in rat liver microsomes in vitro, and to confirm the compatibility mechanism of Wuji pill from the point of relationships between compound prescription of TCM and metabolism.

METHODWith testosterone being a probe, the levels of enzymic activity of CYP3A1/3A2 were detected by HPLC, which were suppressed by Wuji pill with different compatibility in vitro.

RESULTThe IC50 of Rhizoma Coptidis, Fructus Evodiae Rutaecarpae, Radix Paeoniae Alba and 1"-9" of different level Wuji pill is: 38.96, 871.96, 15 519.17, 43.17, 60. 47, 276.12, 133.40, 118.08, 88. 47, 64. 36, 35. 13 and 39. 91 mg x L -', respectively. Rhizoma Coptidis and 1-9" of Wuji pill can suppress the enzymic activity of CYP3A1/3A2 significantly, and the capability of Rhizoma Coptidis in Wuji pill of action on CYP3A1/3A2 can be modified by different composition of Fructus Evodiae Rutaecarpae and Radix Paeoniae in Wuji pill, and there are statistical differences among the IC50 of 1#-9# of Wuji pill. While the ratio of Rhizoma Coptidis raises up in Wuji pill, Wuji pill may suppress the enzymic activity of CYP1A2 largely.

CONCLUSIONThe reason why Wuji pill with different compatibility has different pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics characteristics is likely to lie in the difference of the capability of Wuji pill with different compatibility on CYP3A1/3A2. [Key words] Wuji pill; CYP3A1/3A2; testosterone; HPLC; different compatibility prescription of traditional Chinese medi-cine

Animals ; Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases ; antagonists & inhibitors ; metabolism ; Coptis ; chemistry ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A ; Drug Compounding ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; adverse effects ; pharmacology ; Enzyme Inhibitors ; adverse effects ; pharmacology ; Evodia ; chemistry ; Inhibitory Concentration 50 ; Male ; Membrane Proteins ; antagonists & inhibitors ; metabolism ; Microsomes, Liver ; drug effects ; enzymology ; Paeonia ; chemistry ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar