Background: Nurses play a central role in pain assessment, treatment monitoring, and clinical decision-making. Their competence in pain management and medication safety directly affects the quality and safety of care. Inadequate knowledge increases the risk of pain underassessment, inappropriate medication use, and delayed detection of adverse effects. However, comparative evidence on nursing competencies between the Mongolian–Japanese Hospital (MJH) and the International Mongolian Hospital of Inner Mongolia (IMHOIM) remains limited. Aim: To assess and compare nurses’ levels of pain management knowledge and to examine factors associated with knowledge differences. Materials and Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted between December 2024 and March 2025, involving 212 nurses from MJH and IMHOIM. Data were collected using the internationally validated Knowledge and Attitudes Survey Regarding Pain (KASRP; 39 items, Cronbach’s α=0.851). Statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics version 26, including descriptive statistics, independent samples t-test, ANOVA, Mann–Whitney U test, Pearson correlation, and stepwise linear regression. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05. Result: Participants differed significantly by age, educational level, professional rank, and years of experience between the two hospitals. The overall mean knowledge score varied significantly by institution, with IMHOIM nurses scoring higher than MJH nurses (26.69±7.55, 19.88±5.21; p<0.001). Domain-specific analysis indicated that IMHOIM nurses outperformed in foundational and pharmacological knowledge, whereas MJH nurses showed superior performance in clinical decision-making and case-based items (p<0.001). Years of experience demonstrated a moderate positive correlation with knowledge scores (r=0.434, p<0.001); however, educational level and professional rank emerged as the strongest independent predictors in regression analysis. Conclusion Nurses’ pain management knowledge differs by institution, reflecting variations in theoretical and clinical competence. Work experience alone is insufficient; higher education, professional rank, and continuous case-based clinical training are critical. Accordingly, pain management education should emphasize evidence-based, clinically oriented programs to strengthen clinical decision-making skills.

Background: Nurses work in a high-stress environment, with 40% experiencing moderate or higher levels of stress and higher levels of anxiety and depression than the general population. According to WHO 2020 data, the incidence of depression and anxiety among nurses is 2-3 times higher than that of the general population. Aim: To identify factors that affect the psychological state of nurses. Materials and Methods: Using a cross sectional study design, a questionnaire was administered to 262 nurses at the International Mongolian Hospital in Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. The survey was conducted using 18 general demographic and social factor questionnaires, 26 WHOQOL-BREF quality of life questionnaires, and 21 items with a scale of depression, anxiety, and stress (DASS-21), a total of 65 questionnaires. The study was conducted using SPSS 29.0 software to statistically analyze the data. Results: The physical domain of quality of life score of the study participants was 50.5±7.8, psychological domain of quality of life score was 54.1±8.7, social domain factor’s score was 58.2±10.5, and environmental factor’s score was 52.3±10.4. Depression, anxiety, and stress’s score were 9.0±8.8, 9.3±8.6, and 11.9±9.2, respectively. The relationship between nurse’s depression, anxiety, and stress and quality of life was significantly inversely correlated (p<0.01). Nurse’s age, working years, number of children, number of beds per ward per nurse, and hours of sleep at night increased depression, anxiety, and stress (p<0.05). Conclusion 1. Psychological indicators such as depression, anxiety, and stress among nurses are reducing their quality of life. 2. In addition, factors such as the nurses’ age, years of service, number of children, number of people on a daily shift, and sleep time per day are also factors that affect psychological well-being.

BACKGROUND:Acute inflamed process in gallbladder stand no more in the list of contraindication for its laparoscopicremoval, although specifity of operational technics need to be elaborated in details.PURPOSE:The purpose of the study to determine feasibility and specifity of laparoscopic cholecystectomy.METHODS AND MATERIALS:Based on standard instructions three holes were punched on the front wall of the abdominal cavity forinsertion of fibroscopic instrument, Olympus-2008, Model-Uni 3, input-120/240V, 50/60Hz, 150VA. Patientselection included 108 individuals hospitalized during 2009-2013 in the department of urgent surgery, IIIShastin Clinical Hospital.RESULTS:Average ages of the patients were 38. Clinical diagnosis based on signs and symptoms revealed at thephysical examination confirmed by echosonographic investigation for final diagnosis. Specificity of surgicaltechnics were incision and infusion of large amount of antibiotic solution into the inflamed gallbladder at theinoculation; use blunt edge for inoculation of the duct and artery of gallbladder; switching to open surgeryin case of revealed massive enzymatic infiltration and adhesive scars.CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic cholecystoectomy is feasibility operative procedure having advantages anddisadvantages, requiring necessary preventive measures of the complications.