Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of bronchial artery embolization(BAE)combined with surgical lobectomy in treating patients with refractory hemoptysis caused by bronchiectasis.Methods The clinical data of 168 patients with bronchiectasis and refractory hemoptysis,who were treated at the Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital of China from January 2018 to January 2022,were retrospectively analyzed.Of the 168 patients,91 underwent lobectomy(control group),and 71 underwent BAE combined with lobectomy(observation group).The therapeutic efficacy,intraoperative blood loss,surgical operation time,postoperative 3-day drainage volume,length of hospital stay,hemoptysis recurrence rate,and complications were compared between the two groups.Results In the observation group,the clinical efficacy was higher than that in the control group,while the intraoperative blood loss,operation time,length of hospital stay,postoperative 3-day drainage volume and recurrence rate were lower than those in the control group(all P＜0.05).No statistically significant difference in the incidence of complications existed between the two groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion In treating patients with refractory hemoptysis due to bronchiectasis,BAE combined with lobectomy can improve the therapeutic efficacy while not increasing the risk of complications.