OBJECTIVE: To investigate the therapeutic effect of Xiangshao Granules (XSG) on post-stroke depression (PSD) and explore the underlying mechanisms. METHODS: Forty-three C57BL/6J mice were divided into 3 groups: sham (n=15), PSD+vehicle (n=14), and PSD+XSG (n=14) groups according to a random number table. The PSD models were constructed using chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). The sham group only experienced the same surgical operation, but without MACO and CUMS stimulation. The XSG group received XSG (60 mg/kg per day) by gavage for 4 weeks. The mice in the sham and vehicle groups were given the same volume of 0.9% saline at the same time. The body weight and behavior tests including open field test, sucrose preference test, tail suspension test, and elevated plus-maze test, were used to validate the PSD mouse model. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and immunofluorescence staining were used to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of XSG. The potential molecular mechanisms were explored and verified through network pharmacology analysis, Nissl staining, Western blot, ELISA, and RT-qPCR, respectively. RESULTS: The body weight and behavior tests showed that MCAO combined with CUMS successfully established the PSD models. XSG alleviated neuronal damage, reduced the expressions of pro-apoptotic proteins Caspase-3 and B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2)-associated X (BAX), and increased the expression of anti-apoptotic protein BCL-2 in PSD mice (P<0.05 or P<0.01). XSG inhibited microglial activation and the expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1 β, and IL-6 via the toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor kappa-B signaling pathway in PSD mice (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Furthermore, XSG decreased the expression of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase1 (IDO1) and increased the concentration of 5-hydroxytryptamine in PSD mice (P<0.05 or P<0.01). CONCLUSION XSG could reverse the anxiety/depressionlike behaviors and reduce the neuronal injury in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex of PSD mice, which may be a potential therapeutic agent for PSD.
Animals ; Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase/metabolism* ; Depression/etiology* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use* ; Hippocampus/metabolism* ; Male ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Prefrontal Cortex/pathology* ; Microglia/metabolism* ; Stroke/drug therapy* ; Disease Models, Animal ; Mice ; Behavior, Animal/drug effects*

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.08.008.].

Early correction of childhood malocclusion is timely managing morphological, structural, and functional abnormalities at different dentomaxillofacial developmental stages. The selection of appropriate imaging examination and comprehensive radiological diagnosis and analysis play an important role in early correction of childhood malocclusion. This expert consensus is a collaborative effort by multidisciplinary experts in dentistry across the nation based on the current clinical evidence, aiming to provide general guidance on appropriate imaging examination selection, comprehensive and accurate imaging assessment for early orthodontic treatment patients.
Humans ; Malocclusion/diagnostic imaging* ; Child ; Consensus

Radiochemotherapy-induced oral mucositis (OM) is a common oral complication in patients with tumors following head and neck radiotherapy or chemotherapy. Erosion and ulcers are the main features of OM that seriously affect the quality of life of patients and even the progress of tumor treatment. To date, differences in clinical prevention and treatment plans for OM have been noted among doctors of various specialties, which has increased the uncertainty of treatment effects. On the basis of current research evidence, this expert consensus outlines risk factors, clinical manifestations, clinical grading, ancillary examinations, diagnostic basis, prevention and treatment strategies and efficacy indicators for OM. In addition to strategies such as basic oral care, anti-inflammatory and analgesic agents, anti-infective agents, pro-healing agents, and photobiotherapy recommended in previous guidelines, we also emphasize the role of traditional Chinese medicine in OM prevention and treatment. This expert consensus aims to provide references and guidance for dental physicians and oncologists in formulating strategies for OM prevention, diagnosis, and treatment, standardizing clinical practice, reducing OM occurrence, promoting healing, and improving the quality of life of patients.
Humans ; Chemoradiotherapy/adverse effects* ; Consensus ; Risk Factors ; Stomatitis/etiology*

Objective To investigate whether successful percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)could improve symptoms and quality of life(QOL)in left main disease and/or 3-vessel disease patients with diabetes.Methods Patients with left main disease and/or 3-vessel disease who underwent PCI in the First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University from April 2018 to May 2021 were consecutively enrolled and subdivided into 2 groups:diabetes and no diabetes.Detailed baseline characteristics,symptoms,including dyspnea and angina,assessed with the Rose dyspnea scale(RDS),Seattle angina questionnaire(SAQ),the European quality of life-5 dimensions(EQ-5D)and 12-item short-form health survey(SF-12)questionnaire respectively,procedural details,and 1 month and 1 year follow-up data were collected.Results Among 440 left main disease and/or 3-vessel disease patients,disease was present in 176(40.00％),who had more hypertension,peripheral artery disease,and LCX lesion(all P＜0.05).The incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events(MACE)and all-cause mortality were similar between the two groups(both P＞0.05)at 1 month follow-up,while all-cause mortality in diabetes patients was significantly higher than those without diabetes at 1 year follow-up(P=0.013).Low left ventricular ejection fraction was an independent risk factor for MACE and all-cause mortality at 1 month and 1 year follow-up after successful revascularization(all P＜0.05).Most importantly,symptoms,including dyspnea and angina,and QOL were markedly improved regardless of diabetes both at 1 month and 1 year follow-up(all P＜0.05).Diabetes patients showed improved dyspnea and QOL at similar degree to the non-diabetes patients(all P＞0.05)and a more significantly relieved angina(P=0.013).Additionally,the number of chronic total occlusion(CTO)per patient was identified as an independent risk factor of dyspnea(OR 0.723,95％CI 0.525～0.997,P=0.048)and angina relief(OR 0.686,95％CI 0.473～0.995,P=0.047),and the contrast volume(OR 0.995,95％CI 0.992～0.999,P=0.008)as an independent risk factor of QOL improvement in diabetic patients.Conclusions Successful PCI is beneficial for relieving symptoms and improving quality of life in patients with diabetes who have left main disease and/or 3-vessel disease.

Objective:To investigate the clinicopathological features of SMARCA4-deficient uterine sarcoma.Methods:Five cases of SMARCA4-deficient uterine sarcoma at the Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from 2018 to 2024 were collected. The morphological and immunohistochemical features were observed and analyzed. A follow-up study was also carried out.Results:Five female patients, aged 24, 54, 56, 61, and 41 years, respectively, presented with vaginal bleeding or abdominal pain. All patients had imaging findings of intracavitary lesion in the uterus, with tumor sizes ranging from 3.0 cm to 8.8 cm. The patients were followed up for 2 to 14 months. Case 1 died 9 months after surgery, whereas the remaining four patients were still alive. Histologically, the tumor cells exhibited a diffuse growth pattern, with an infiltration depth involving more than half of the myometrium. Portions of the interstitium appeared sclerosed. Benign endometrial glandular structures were observed in a leaf-like or fissured pattern, resembling those of uterine adenosarcoma. The tumor cells were large epithelioid with abundant or faintly eosinophilic cytoplasm, and the nuclei were moderately to markedly atypia with prominent nucleoli and brisk mitosis. Rhabdoid cells were seen. Some areas showed small round blue cells, with occasional spindle cells and myxoid stroma. Additionally, widespread or focal lymphovascular space invasion was observed within the myometrium. All five cases exhibited absence of SMARCA4 (BRG1) expression and retained SMARCB1 (INI1). Claudin4 expression was negative. There was no deficient expression of mismatch repair proteins MLH1, PMS2, MSH2 and MSH6. p53 showed wild-type expression. Ki-67 index ranged from 30% to 60%. CKpan, CK7, ER, PR, and PAX8 were negative.Conclusions:SMARCA4-deficient uterine sarcoma is rare, highly aggressive, and has a poor prognosis. The tumor exhibits a broad morphological spectrum, with rhabdoid cells and adenosarcoma-like structures serving as important diagnostic clues. The absence of BRG1 expression lends support to a definitive diagnosis.

Objective To investigate the expression of the histone deacetylase SIRT7 in glioma cells and its impact on epithelial-mesenchymal transformation(EMT),as well as its effects on proliferative,migratory and invasive capabilities of glioma cells.Methods Bioinformatics analysis was conducted on data from glioma patients in the Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)and the Chinese glioma Genome Atlas(CGGA)databases to explore the expression of SIRT7 gene in gliomas and its correlation with tumor grading,molecular characteristics and patient clinical prognosis.Glioma cells were randomly divided into control,SIRT7 knockdown,SIRT7 overexpression,drug treatment(10 μmol/L hydrochlorothiazide)and drug(10 μmol/L hydrochlorothiazide)+SIRT7 overexpression groups.The CCK-8 assay,cell scratch assay and Transwell assay were used to observe the effects of upregulating and downregulating SIRT7 expression on glioma cell proliferation,migration and invasion.RT-qPCR and Western blotting were employed to detect the effects of SIRT7 on the expression of neural cadherin(N-cadherin),Vimentin,E-cadherin,transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β),Ki-67,and Smad3 protein in glioma cells.Nude mouse tumor-bearing experiments were conducted to observe the effect of SIRT7 knockdown on glioma growth.Results Higher expression levels of SIRT7 gene were associated with poorer clinical prognosis(P＜0.0001).SIRT7 expression levels were significantly correlated with tumor grading and 1p19q coding status(P＜0.01).Compared with normal HA cells,glioma cells showed significantly increased SIRT7 expression levels(P＜0.01).CCK-8 assay results indicated that,compared with control group,the proliferation activity of glioma cells in SIRT7 knockout group was significantly decreased(P＜0.01),while SIRT7 overexpression group showed significantly increased proliferation activity(P＜0.01).EdU assay results showed that,compared with control group,the proportion of glioma cells in the proliferative stage was significantly decreased in SIRT7 knockdown group(P＜0.01),and significantly increased in SIRT7 overexpression group(P＜0.01).Western blotting results revealed that,compared with control group,the protein expression levels of TGF-β,Smad3,N-cadherin and Vimentin were significantly decreased in SIRT7 knockdown group(P＜0.01),while the expression level of E-cadherin protein was significantly increased(P＜0.05).SIRT7 overexpression group showed significantly increased protein expression levels of TGF-β,Smad3,N-cadherin and Vimentin(P＜0.05),and a significantly decrease in E-cadherin protein expression level(P＜0.05).Scratch assay results indicated that,compared with control group,the migration ability of cells in SIRT7 knockdown group and drug group was significantly decreased(P＜0.01),and SIRT7 overexpression group showed significantly increased cell migration ability(P＜0.05).Compared with drug group,drug+SIRT7 overexpression group exhibited significantly increased cell migration ability(P＜0.01).Transwell assay results showed that,compared with control group,the migration and invasion abilities of cells in SIRT7 knockdown group and drug group were significantly decreased(P＜0.01),and SIRT7 overexpression group exhibited significantly increased migration and invasion abilities(P＜0.01).Compared with drug group,drug+SIRT7 overexpression group showed significantly increased migration and invasion abilities(P＜0.01).Nude mouse tumor-bearing assay results indicated that the volume and weight of glioma in SIRT7 knockdown group were significantly reduced compared with control group(P＜0.01).Conclusions Glioma patients with high SIRT7 expression have poorer clinical prognosis.SIRT7 can regulate the TGF-β/Smad3 pathway to mediate EMT,promoting the proliferation and migration of glioma cells.SIRT7 knockdown can inhibit the growth of transplanted gliomas in nude mice.

Objective To establish a stable,reliable,and clinically relevant porcine model of endotoxin-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS).Methods Ten 8-month-old male Bama minipigs were deeply sedated,followed by invasive mechanical ventilation and electrocardiographic monitoring.Lipopolysaccharide(LPS)was intravenously pumped at 600 μg/(kg·h)for 3 hours,then maintained at 15 μg/(kg·h)thereafter.Dynamic monitoring was performed at five time points after LPS injection(LPS 0,1,3,5,and 8 h),including arterial blood gas analysis and chest computed tomography(CT)scans.Pathological examination of lung tissues obtained via bronchoscopic biopsy(HE staining and transmission electron microscopy)was conducted.These indicators were comprehensively used to evaluate the success of the animal model.Results At 5 hours after LPS administration,8 minipigs developed symptoms such as skin cyanosis,elevated body temperature,and respiratory distress.The oxygenation index decreased to<300 mmHg.Chest CT scans showed diffuse pulmonary infiltrates.Histopathology revealed alveolar edema and hyaline membrane formation.Transmission electron microscopy demonstrated disruption of pulmonary blood-air barrier,depletion of lamellar bodies in type Ⅱ pneumocytes,inflammatory cell infiltration,and exudation of plasma proteins and fibrin.Compared with LPS 0 h,at LPS 8 h,the oxygenation index and arterial blood pH were significantly decreased(P<0.001),while blood lactic acid and serum potassium were significantly increased(P<0.05);serum calcium and base excess were significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the lung injury score based on HE-stained lung sections was significantly increased(P<0.01).Conclusion The porcine ARDS model established by continuous LPS injection can dynamically simulate the pathophysiological characteristics and typical pathological manifestations of clinical septic ARDS,making it an effective tool to study the pathogenesis,prevention,and treatment strategies of septic ARDS.

Objective To assess the technical levels of computed tomography (CT) quality control testing capabilities among radiological health technology service institutions in Hubei Province, China. Methods Ten radiological health technology service institutions in Hubei Province were organized to participate in an inter-institutional capability comparison of selected indicators in CT quality control testing with reference to the Specification for testing of quality control in X-ray computed tomography (WS 519—2019). The robust Z-score method was employed to evaluate the results of the capability comparison data from the ten institutions. Results Six institutions achieved a "satisfactory" rating in all assessed indicators, with a satisfaction rate of 60%. Indicators rated as "unsatisfactory" or "questionable" included "positioning light accuracy", "uniformity", "noise", and "high-contrast resolution". Conclusion The CT quality control testing capabilities of some radiological health technology service institutions in Hubei Province require further enhancement. Improved training and education for testing personnel are recommended.

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