ObjectiveHistorically documented Zhejiang Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma（Baizhu） possesses premium characteristics such as phoenix-like head and crane-like neck， pronounced sweetness， and fragrant aroma. However， its current market circulation is low， and the processed products with Zhejiang-style characteristics are at the risk of being lost. This study aims to preserve the ancient Zhejiang-style processing techniques and evaluate them using modern scientific methods. MethodsMultidimensional intelligent sensory evaluation was used to digitally characterize the "quality-structure" of the external appearance of nine-steamed and nine-processed Baizhu medicinal materials（intermediate processed products） and the "odor-taste" of the internal quality of its decoction pieces（slices）， and the appearance parameters were digitally characterized by colorimeter， texture analyzer， electronic nose and electronic tongue， the chemical composition was analyzed via ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry（UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS）. Then， cluster analysis on the differences in odor between the medicinal materials（intermediate processed products） and decoction pieces（slices） of nine-steamed and nine-processed Baizhu was conducted， as well as the differences in taste between water-soluble and alcohol-soluble extracts of the decoction pieces（slices）， and the correlation analysis of chroma value-alcohol-soluble extract content-component response value. ResultsThe nine-steamed and nine-processed Baizhu had a dark brown to black epidermis， a brownish-yellow to brownish-gray cross-section， a slightly tough texture， a faint odor， and a slightly sweet， bitter and pungent taste. Texture analyzer measurements revealed minimal adhesion and maximum recovery in the middle section of the characteristic processed Baizhu， consistent with the processing endpoint of thorough steaming and cooking. The head section showed the highest internal hardness， elasticity and chewiness， indicating a denser texture in this area. The electronic nose sensor could clearly distinguish the difference between the medicinal materials and its decoction pieces， with a more significant clustering effect at 60 ℃ for 30 minutes compared to ambient temperature headspace for 2 hours， highlighting the significant impact of the baking degree before slicing on the quality. The electronic tongue taste signal map clearly distinguished the differences between water-soluble and alcohol-soluble extracts of nine-steamed and nine-processed Baizhu decoction pieces， and the addition of auxiliary materials during processing could enhance its alcohol-soluble extract content. A total of 82 chemical components were identified in the characteristic processed Baizhu. After processing， the contents of 58 components increased， while 24 components decreased. Correlation analysis revealed significant negative correlations（P<0.01） between ethanol-soluble extract content and colorimetric values of brightness（L^*）， yellow-bule value（b^*）， and total color difference（E^*_ab）. E^*_ab showed marked negative correlations（P<0.05） with the response values of isochlorogenic acid A and C. ConclusionThis study establishes a modern intelligent sensory evaluation model for multidimensional holographic characterization of nine-steamed and nine-processed Baizhu， clarifying the correlation between increased isochlorogenic acid content and the visual color appearance after different steaming cycles， as well as its intrinsic alcohol-soluble extracts. This provides a reference for quality evaluation and processing standards of the Zhejiang-style characteristic processed products.

Two novel diketopiperazines (1 and 5), along with ten known compounds (2-4, 6-12) demonstrating significant skin inflammation inhibition, were isolated from a marine-derived fungus identified as Aspergillus sp. FAZW0001. The structural elucidation and configurational reassessments of compounds 1-5 were established through comprehensive spectral analyses, with their absolute configurations determined via single crystal X-ray diffraction using Cu Kα radiation, Marfey's method, and comparison between experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra. Compounds 1, 2, and 8 exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activities in Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes)-induced human monocyte cell lines. Compound 8 demonstrated the ability to down-regulate interleukin-1β (IL-1β) expression by inhibiting Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) expression and modulating the activation of myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling pathways, thus reducing the cellular inflammatory response induced by P. acnes. Additionally, compound 8 showed the capacity to suppress mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation, thereby reducing IL-1β maturation and secretion. A three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationships (3D-QSAR) model was applied to compounds 5-12 to analyze their anti-inflammatory structure-activity relationships.
Humans ; Aspergillus/chemistry* ; Diketopiperazines/isolation & purification* ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents/isolation & purification* ; Interleukin-1beta/genetics* ; Toll-Like Receptor 2/immunology* ; Propionibacterium acnes/drug effects* ; NF-kappa B/genetics* ; Molecular Structure ; Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88/immunology* ; Monocytes/immunology* ; NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein/genetics* ; Cell Line

Objective To explore the accumulated effects of physical activity,sedentary behavior,and sleep on cardiorespiratory fitness(CRF)among college students and provide effective measures for enhancing their CRF. Methods From May to June in 2023,223 college students aged 18 to 24 years old were recruited from Tianjin University of Science and Technology for a 24 hours activity behavior survey and CRF testing.Compositional analysis was employed to investigate the relationships of physical activity,sedentary behavior,and sleep with CRF.Isotemporal substitution models were established to predict the effects of substituting various activity behaviors on CRF.Results The proportion of time spent on moderate-to-vigorous physical activity(MVPA)was positively correlated with CRF of college students(β=6.40,P=0.002),while the proportion of time spent on sedentary behavior was negatively correlated with CRF(β=-3.02,P=0.004).Light physical activity(LPA)and sleep were not correlated with CRF(β=-1.06,P=0.504).Isotemporal substitution results for 15-min increments showed that replacing other activity behaviors with MVPA significantly increased the CRF of college students[SB:1.72 mL/(kg·min),95% CI=0.94-2.51;LPA:1.82 mL/(kg·min),95% CI=0.95-2.68;sleep:1.64 mL/(kg·min),95% CI=0.84-2.45].In the dose-response relationship from -30 min to 30 min,reallocating time from other behaviors to MVPA had greater adverse effect on CRF than reallocating time from MVPA to other behaviors.Among all the substitutions,replacing LPA with MVPA had the most beneficial effect on improving CRF.Additionally,a 5-min increment was considered the optimal tipping point for MVPA replacing other activities.Conclusions This study underscores the importance of participating in MVPA for improving the CRF of college students.The isotemporal substitution model provides clear goals for the allocation of time for these behaviors,aiding in future intervention measure development and policy-making.
Humans ; Sedentary Behavior ; Sleep ; Students ; Cardiorespiratory Fitness ; Exercise ; Young Adult ; Adolescent ; Universities ; Male ; Female

Objective To investigate the distribution and antimicrobial resistance profiles of clinically isolated Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis in hospitals across China from 2015 to 2021,and provide evidence for rational use of antimicrobial agents.Methods Data of H.influenzae and M.catarrhalis strains isolated from 2015 to 2021 in CHINET program were collected for analysis,and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by disc diffusion method or automated systems according to the uniform protocol of CHINET.The results were interpreted according to the CLSI breakpoints in 2022.Beta-lactamases was detected by using nitrocefin disk.Results From 2015 to 2021,a total of 43 642 strains of Haemophilus species were isolated,accounting for 2.91％of the total clinical isolates and 4.07％of Gram-negative bacteria in CHINET program.Among the 40 437 strains of H.influenzae,66.89％were isolated from children and 33.11％were isolated from adults.More than 90％of the H.influenzae strains were isolated from respiratory tract specimens.The prevalence of β-lactamase was 53.79％in H.influenzae strains.The H.influenzae strains isolated from children showed higher resistance rate than the strains isolated from adults.Overall,779 strains of H.influenzae did not produce β-lactamase but were resistant to ampicillin(BLNAR).Beta-lactamase-producing strains showed significantly higher resistance rates to these antimicrobial agents than the β-lactamase-nonproducing strains.Of the 16 191 M.catarrhalis strains,80.06％were isolated from children and 19.94％isolated from adults.M.catarrhalis strains were mostly susceptible to both amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and cefuroxime,evidenced by resistance rate lower than 2.0％.Conclusions The emergence of antibiotic-resistant H.influenzae due to β-lactamase production poses a challenge for clinical anti-infective treatment.Therefore,it is very important to implement antibiotic resistance surveillance for H.influenzae and guide rational antibiotic use.All local clinical microbiology laboratories should actively improve antibiotic susceptibility testing and strengthen antibiotic resistance surveillance for H.influenzae.

BACKGROUND:The types of acetabular double-column fractures are complex and common.At present,the traditional reconstructed bone plates are used to treat the double-column fractures,and the mismatch between them and the bone surface will increase the difficulty of surgery.Personalized bone plate can realize the adhesion of bone plate and bone surface,but the biomechanical comparison between personalized bone plate and traditional reconstructed bone plate in fixation of acetabular double column fracture is few,and the simulated posture is relatively simple.OBJECTIVE:Three-dimensional finite element method was used to analyze the biomechanical characteristics of different internal fixation methods of complex acetabular double-column fractures in various positions,providing the necessary biomechanical basis for clinical application.METHODS:The most representative two-column fracture model of complex acetabular fractures involving square area was established.A three-dimensional finite element model was established for the fixation of complex acetabular double-column fractures by four different internal fixation methods:special-shaped titanium plate fixation(group A),anterior and posterior column double titanium plate fixation(group B),anterior column reconstruction titanium plate+posterior column lag screw fixation(group C),and anterior column reconstruction titanium plate+subacetabular screw fixation(group D).Four kinds of complicated acetabular double-column fracture models with different internal fixation were simulated in the position of sitting,standing,affected side extension,affected side abduction,and affected side standing on one leg.The biomechanical properties of the four internal fixation methods were compared.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The node displacement and mean displacement on fracture line were presented as group A＜group B＜group C＜group D in all postures.The displacement value in the one-leg standing position on the affected side was the largest compared with other postures,and the maximum displacement of the internal fixation system in group A was the smallest among the four models.There was no significant difference between the four groups in the standing position and the one-legged standing position(P＞0.05).In the position of sitting,affected side extension,and affected side abduction,there was no significant difference between group A and group B,group B and group C,and group C and group D(P＞0.05),but there was significant difference between group A and group C,group A and group D,and group B and group D(P＜0.05).(2)The maximum stress of each fracture block in group A was smaller than that in other groups,and the stress distribution of fracture block was more uniform.The stress of the internal fixator was mainly concentrated in the area near the fracture end of the bone plate.The stress distribution of the internal fixator was more uniform in groups A and B,while the stress concentration of the internal fixator in groups C and D was more obvious,and the maximum stress value of the internal fixator in group A decreased by 4.86％-54.61％compared with the other three groups.(3)In the affected side extension and abduction position,both groups A and B had a large stress shielding rate,and the maximum difference between the two groups was 5.67％.In the one-legged standing position on the affected side,the internal fixed stress shielding rate of group A was the highest,while that of group D was the lowest.(4)It is indicated that shaped personalized titanium plate fixation(group A)has better biomechanical stability than the other three groups of traditional reconstructed bone plate fixation.

BACKGROUND:Existing studies have compared patients with degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis with healthy populations,but comparative studies focusing on differences in this aspect of the parameter between these different lumbar spondylolisthesis are lacking.OBJECTIVE:To explore the differences in paraspinal muscle degeneration between isthmic spondylolisthesis and degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis,and their correlation with low back pain symptoms.METHODS:A total of 107 patients with lumbar spondylolisthesis treated in Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University between February 2019 and August 2023 were analyzed retrospectively.They were divided into the isthmic spondylolisthesis group(39 patients)and the degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis group(68 patients)according to the type of spondylolisthesis.Paravertebral muscle tissue parameters were compared and analyzed as well as functional scores(visual analog scale for low back pain)in both groups.According to the visual analog scale score,the two groups of patients were divided into two subgroups:those with a visual analog scale score＜45 mm and those with a visual analog scale score＞45 mm,and the relationship between the difference in visual analog scale score and the parameters of paraspinal muscle tissue degeneration was analyzed.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The percentage of fat infiltration in the multifidus muscle was higher in the degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis group than in the isthmic spondylolisthesis group(P=0.003).(2)The percentage of fat infiltration in the multifidus muscle was significantly lower in patients with a visual analog scale score of＜45 mm than in patients with a visual analog scale score of＞45 mm in both groups(P=0.021,P＜0.001).(3)Patients in the isthmic spondylolisthesis group also showed a significantly lower percentage of fat infiltration in patients with visual analog scale score＜45 mm compared with those with visual analog scale score＞45 mm(P=0.002).(4)These results showed that there was a significant difference in paraspinal muscle tissue degeneration between isthmic spondylolisthesis patients and degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis patients,and that degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis patients demonstrated more severe paraspinal muscle degeneration compared to isthmic spondylolisthesis patients.In addition,the percentage of fatty infiltration of the multifidus muscle was relatively greater in those with higher pain scores in both groups of lumbar spondylolisthesis patients.

Objective:To compare the mid-term efficacy of one anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG) in the treatment of obesity and metabolic syndrome, and related postoperative complications.Method:Clinical data of patients undergoing indirect OAGB or SG from Jan to Dec 2022 was enrolled. Firty-eight patients were included in the OAGB group and 178 patients were included in the SG group. Propensity matching scores was performed with matching ratio of 1∶1. Eighty-four patients (42 in each group) were included in the analysis finally. We compared the differences in weight loss, metabolic syndrome remission, and postoperative complications among different groups.Result:The 2-year follow-up results show that the OAGB group and SG group showed similar improvements in weight, BMI, percentage of total weight loss, percentage of excess weight loss [(71.60±11.47)kg vs. (72.90±11.21)kg, t=0.529, P>0.05;(26.13±4.16)kg/m 2vs. (26.86±4.12)kg/m 2, t=0.805, P>0.05; (30.89%±9.68%) vs. (27.59%±7.74%), t=1.726, P>0.05; (99.25%± 36.35%) vs. (97.02%±40.97%), t=0.264, P>0.05]. In terms of metabolic complications, the OAGB group had a higher remission rate. The OAGB group showed more significant improvements in fasting plasma glucose, glycated Hemoglobin A1c, triglycerides, uric acid [(5.11±0.36)mmol/L vs. (5.40±0.63)mmol/L, t=2.593, P<0.05; (5.13%±0.4%) vs. (5.38%±0.36%), t=2.889, P<0.05; (0.94±0.35)mmol/L vs. (1.12±0.41)mmol/L, t=2.145, P<0.05; (330.60±73.73)μmol/L vs. (394.30±111.43)μmol/L, t=3.089, P<0.05]. There was no statistically significant difference in hemoglobin and albumin, but the serum iron in the OAGB group was lower than SG group, and the difference was statistically significant [(14.45±7.75)μmol/L vs.(17.78±6.58)μmol/L, t=2.118, P<0.05]. There was no difference between the two groups in terms of postoperative complications. Conclusion:OAGB has similar weight loss effects and postoperative complication rates compared to SG, and effectively improves metabolic symptoms.

Objective To investigate the effect of PTGS2 knockdown on tumor-associated macrophage(TAM)M2 polarization in the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC).Methods Adenovirus-mediated knockdown of PTGS2 was performed in primary NPC cells.A co-culture system of primary NPC cells and TAMs and a mixed three-dimensional(3D)co-culture of primary NPC cells,TAMs,and human CD8+T cells were established in vitro.The control,Adv-PTGS2 shRNA,and Adv-shRNA NT groups were subjected to in vitro and in vivo experiments.In the co-culture system of primary NPC cells and TAMs,IL-12,IL-10,and TGF-βlevels in the culture superna-tants were determined using the ELISA.MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression levels in primary NPC were determined using Western blotting.In the mixed culture system of the three types of cells,cell viability was measured using the CCK-8 method.IFN-γand GZMBmRNA levels were determined using qPCR.The three types of cell-mixed cultures were injected subcutaneously into xenografts,and tumor growth was monitored for 21 d.Results Compared with control group,IL-12 levels increased and IL-10 and TGF-βlevels decreased in the culture supernatant of Adv-PTGS2 shRNA cells(P<0.05).MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression levels in primary NPC decreased(P<0.05).Com-pared with the control group,CD8+T cell proliferation ability and relative IFN-γand GZMBmRNA expression levels increased(P<0.05 for both experiments)in the Adv-PTGS2 shRNA cells.Compared with the control group,the Adv-PTGS2 shRNA group showed slower tumor growth(P<0.05)and lower tumor mass(P<0.05)in in vivo xenografts.Conclusion PTGS2knockdown inhibited TAM M2 pola-rization,regulated the immune-hot state in the tumor microenvironment,and inhibited NPC growth.

Objective To explore the feasibility and safety of ultrasound-guided percutaneous microwave ablation for unresectable pancreatic cancer.Methods Totally 84 patients who underwent ultrasound-guided percutaneous microwave ablation for unresectable pancreatic cancer were enrolled,and the technical success rate,complete ablation rate,complication rate,pain relief rate and survival time,etc.were observed.Results The median age of 84 cases was 61.5 years.Totally 86 tumors,including 44.19％(38/86)at the head/neck and 55.81％(48/86)at the body/tail of pancreas were detected,and a total of 85 ablation sessions were performed with the median ablation energy applied per tumor of 9.90(1.08,21.60)kJ and the complete ablation rate of 42.86％(36/84).The technical success rate was 100％(85/85).Thirty-nine complication events occurred in 25 cases,no ablation-related death.Among 34 patients underwent ablation mainly for pain symptoms,the pain score decreased from(6.22±1.12)points before treatment to(1.94±1.64)points after treatment(P＜0.001).During 6.8(3.3,12.9)months' follow-up,the mean survival time was(8.5±6.7)months,and all 47 patients died due to tumor progression.Conclusion Ultrasound-guided percutaneous microwave ablation was safe and feasible for unresectable pancreatic cancer.