Objective:To investigate the effect of asiaticoside on cognitive impairment in young epileptic rats by regulating SIRT1/AMPK signaling pathway.Methods:Young rats were randomly separated into Sham group,Model group,low-dose asiaticoside(20 mg/kg)group,high-dose asiaticoside(40 mg/kg)group and high-dose asiaticoside+EX527 group.The seizure situation of rats was observed;Morris water maze was applied to test spatial learning and memory abilities;ELISA was applied to detect levels of TNF-α,IL-10,IL-6,MDA,SOD and GSH-Px in rat hippocampal tissue;Nissl staining was applied to observe morphological changes of rat hippocampal tissue;TUNEL staining was applied to detect apoptosis of hippocampal neurons in rats;Western blot was applied to detect expressions of Cleaved-caspase-3,Bax,Bcl-2,SIRT1,p-AMPK and AMPK proteins in rat hippocampal tissue.Results:Compared with Sham group,Model group showed severe tissue damage in hippocampal CA1 region of rats,epilepsy score and seizure duration were obviously increased,incubation period was obviously prolonged,levels of TNF-α,IL-6,MDA,neuronal apoptosis rate,expressions of Cleaved-caspase-3 and Bax proteins in CA1 region of hippocampus were obviously increased,the retention time and number of platform crossings were obviously decreased,levels of IL-10,SOD,GSH-Px,protein expressions of Bcl-2,SIRT1,p-AMPK/AMPK in CA1 region of hippocampus were obviously reduced(P<0.05);compared with Model group,tissue damage in hippocampal CA1 region of rats in low-dose and high-dose asiaticoside groups was obviously reduced,the epilepsy score and seizure duration were obviously decreased,incubation period was obviously shortened,levels of TNF-α,IL-6,MDA,neuronal apoptosis rate,expressions of Cleaved-caspase-3 and Bax proteins in CA1 region of hippocampus were obviously reduced,the retention time and the number of platform crossings were obviously increased,levels of IL-10,SOD,GSH-Px,protein expressions of Bcl-2,SIRT1 and p-AMPK/AMPK in CA1 region of hippocampus were obviously increased(P<0.05);EX527 was able to partially reverse the improve-ment effect of asiaticoside on epileptic young rats.Conclusion:Asiaticoside can reduce inflammatory response,oxidative stress and hippocampal neuronal apoptosis in rats and reduce nerve damage by activating SIRT1/AMPK signaling pathway,thus improving cogni-tive function of young epileptic.

Objective:To investigate the effect of asiaticoside on cognitive impairment in young epileptic rats by regulating SIRT1/AMPK signaling pathway.Methods:Young rats were randomly separated into Sham group,Model group,low-dose asiaticoside(20 mg/kg)group,high-dose asiaticoside(40 mg/kg)group and high-dose asiaticoside+EX527 group.The seizure situation of rats was observed;Morris water maze was applied to test spatial learning and memory abilities;ELISA was applied to detect levels of TNF-α,IL-10,IL-6,MDA,SOD and GSH-Px in rat hippocampal tissue;Nissl staining was applied to observe morphological changes of rat hippocampal tissue;TUNEL staining was applied to detect apoptosis of hippocampal neurons in rats;Western blot was applied to detect expressions of Cleaved-caspase-3,Bax,Bcl-2,SIRT1,p-AMPK and AMPK proteins in rat hippocampal tissue.Results:Compared with Sham group,Model group showed severe tissue damage in hippocampal CA1 region of rats,epilepsy score and seizure duration were obviously increased,incubation period was obviously prolonged,levels of TNF-α,IL-6,MDA,neuronal apoptosis rate,expressions of Cleaved-caspase-3 and Bax proteins in CA1 region of hippocampus were obviously increased,the retention time and number of platform crossings were obviously decreased,levels of IL-10,SOD,GSH-Px,protein expressions of Bcl-2,SIRT1,p-AMPK/AMPK in CA1 region of hippocampus were obviously reduced(P<0.05);compared with Model group,tissue damage in hippocampal CA1 region of rats in low-dose and high-dose asiaticoside groups was obviously reduced,the epilepsy score and seizure duration were obviously decreased,incubation period was obviously shortened,levels of TNF-α,IL-6,MDA,neuronal apoptosis rate,expressions of Cleaved-caspase-3 and Bax proteins in CA1 region of hippocampus were obviously reduced,the retention time and the number of platform crossings were obviously increased,levels of IL-10,SOD,GSH-Px,protein expressions of Bcl-2,SIRT1 and p-AMPK/AMPK in CA1 region of hippocampus were obviously increased(P<0.05);EX527 was able to partially reverse the improve-ment effect of asiaticoside on epileptic young rats.Conclusion:Asiaticoside can reduce inflammatory response,oxidative stress and hippocampal neuronal apoptosis in rats and reduce nerve damage by activating SIRT1/AMPK signaling pathway,thus improving cogni-tive function of young epileptic.

Objective To investigate the iodine nutritional status of rural residents in Anyang City of Henan Province,and to provide theoretical basis for making policy adjustment on iodine supplement. Methods In 2015, Tangyin County and Anyang County were chosen from Anyang City, one township was selected from each county based on five orientations of east, west, south, north and centre, four villages were chosen from each township,15 households were taken from each village, and kitchen salt samples were collected to detect salt iodine;tap water samples were collected to detect water iodine.In the selected county,one medical institution was selected, 100 women of childbearing age,pregnant women,lactating women and infants aged 0-2 years old were selected to detect urinary iodine; one primary school was selected in the selected township, and 20 children aged 8 - 10 years old were selected to detect urinary iodine. Salt iodine was determined using direct titration (GB/T 13025.7-1999);urinary iodine and water iodine were determined using arsenic cerium catalytic spectrophotometry(WS/T 107-2006). Results A total of 600 salt samples were collected, half from Anyang County and half from Tangyin County, the medians of salt iodine were 27.59,29.15 mg/kg,respectively,the difference was statistically significant(Z = - 4.92, P <0.05).A total of 47 water samples were collected,21 from Anyang County and 26 from Tangyin County,the medians of water iodine were 9.44,5.37 μg/L,respectively,the difference was not statistically significant(Z=-0.30, P > 0.05). A total of 985 key people were surveyed, children, women of childbearing age, pregnant women, lactating women and infants were 200, 205, 197, 187, 196, respectively, the medians of urinary iodine were 253.05, 249.80, 177.10, 266.40, 247.85 μg/L, respectively, the differences were statistically significant (χ2=29.76, P < 0.05). Urinary iodine levels of childbearing age women (226.60,313.85 μg/L),lactating women(230.85,286.20 μg/L) and infants (222.35, 275.35 μg/L) were compared between Anyang County and Tangyin County, the differences were statistically significant (Z=3.33,2.21,3.13,P<0.05).Conclusion The iodine nutritional status of rural residents in Anyang City is basically good,but the urinary iodine levels of general population are high.

Objective To investigate the iodine nutrition status of school-age children in Anyang,and analyze its related influencing factors.Method Monitoring data on urinary iodine of school-aged children and iodized salt were collected from 2011 to 2015,its general situation was described,and differences in age,sex,residential area type and year were compared.Results Totally 13 371 iodized salt samples were collected in Anyang City from 2011 to 2015,and 12 205 were qualified iodized salt.The median of iodized salt was 26.91 mg/kg.Totally 1 282 urinary iodine samples of school-age children were monitored in Anyang City,and its median of urinary iodine was 237.0 μg/L,the constituent ratio of urinary iodine of children under 100 μg/L and above 300 μg/L was 14.5％(186/ 1 282) and 35.3％ (452/1 282),respectively,the results of urinary iodine were different in different years,and the differences were statistically significant (x2 =36A1,P＜ 0.05);the differences of the residential area type,sex and age had no influence on the urinary iodine of school-age children,and the differences were not statistically significant (Z =-1.07,-0.94,x2 =6.50,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The iodine-nutritional status of school-age children is more than adequate,the concentration of urinary iodine is high,and the differences of the residential area type,sex and age have no influence on the urinary iodine of school-age children.

Objective To investigate whether iron mass induces HO-1 overexpression and explore the role of HO-1 in rat intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH). Methods In this study,144 hydrated chloride aldehyde-anesthetized Sprague- Dawley rats were used,autologous blood were injected into the right caudate nucleus to establish the ICH model.Saline injection and health were served as controls.Deferoxamine(DFO)with an intraperitoneal injection served as intervention group.Enhanced Perl's reaction was used for iron staining and brain iron deposits were determined.Brain HO-1 level were examined by immunohistochemical analysis and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR). Results There was a 21-fold increase in iron deposits around the hematoma 7 days after the infusion of 100 μl of autologous blood.Markedly increased levels of perihematomal HO-1 immunoreactivity and HO-1 mRNA in all ICH rats were detected at 3-14 days.The addition of DFO significantly reduced iron deposits in the ipsilateral basal ganglia at 7-14 days after ICH.DFO also inhibited HO-1 overexpression at day 7,14.Correlations test showed that there were positive correlations of iron sediments with HO-1mRNA(r=0.647)and HO-1 immunopositive cells(r=0.209). Conclusions ICH causes iron accumulation in the brain.Iron overloading may induce HO-1 upregulation after ICH.Ratherly,the HO-1 moderate increasing possibly fits with the events,whereas HO-1 overexpression may result in its dysfunction.It may be prudent to intervene ICH with HO-1 inhibitor.

Objective:To evaluate graduate student tutors in medical universities using an available scale to improve graduate education management.Method:Graduate students in Grades 2006 and 2007,who had passed thesis defense,were investigated online.The results were analyzed by statistics.Conclusion:Most of graduate students were satisfied with their tutors.The results proved very helpful for the innovation of graduate education management.