Veterinary Immunology is a science that studies organization structure and biological function of animal immune system.It is a subject with strong theory and application,which is a very important basic course in undergraduate education of veteri-nary medicine.With rapid development of modern science and technology,people have a deeper understanding of immunology,and traditional teaching content and teaching mode can no longer meet teaching needs of modern veterinary undergraduates.This paper briefly analyzes problems existing in current teaching process of Veterinary Immunology,and puts forward relevant suggestions for teaching reform,aiming at improving teaching quality of undergraduate Veterinary Immunology and shouldering important mission of cultivating innovative veterinary talents for socialist modernization of our country.

Veterinary Immunology is a science that studies organization structure and biological function of animal immune system.It is a subject with strong theory and application,which is a very important basic course in undergraduate education of veteri-nary medicine.With rapid development of modern science and technology,people have a deeper understanding of immunology,and traditional teaching content and teaching mode can no longer meet teaching needs of modern veterinary undergraduates.This paper briefly analyzes problems existing in current teaching process of Veterinary Immunology,and puts forward relevant suggestions for teaching reform,aiming at improving teaching quality of undergraduate Veterinary Immunology and shouldering important mission of cultivating innovative veterinary talents for socialist modernization of our country.

Objective:Based on the investigation and analysis of the medical record of the ophthalmic diseases of the crewmen on a certain large surface ship during navigation and berthing, the causes of the diseases were analyzed, so as to provide a basis for the enhancement of ophthalmic medical support for large surface ships.Methods:The outpatient records of the crewmen in the Ophthalmology Department of a certain large surface ship during the navigation (84 d) and berthing (161 d) from January 2018 to August 2019 were reviewed; the incidence rate and proportion of various eye diseases were calculated; and the pathogenetic features, the whole course of diagnosis and treatment, and prognosis were statistically analyzed.Results:The eye diseases of top 6 incidence rate during navigation were conjunctivitis (8.72%), asthenopia (3.42%), xerophthalmia (3.18%), meibomianitis (2.41%), dermatitis of lids (1.00%), and ocular trauma (0.94%); the eye diseases of top 6 incidence rate in the period of berthing were conjunctivitis (8.07%), xerophthalmia (3.65%), asthenopia (3.24%), meibomianitis (2.71%), ocular trauma (0.65%), and dermatitis of lids (0.41%). The proportion of eye diseases during navigation were conjunctivitis (43.02%), asthenopia (16.86%), xerophthalmia (15.70%), meibomianitis (11.92%), dermatitis of lids (4.94%), and ocular trauma (4.36%), while the proportion of eye diseases during the berthing period were conjunctivitis (41.39%), xerophthalmia (18.73%), asthenopia (16.62%), meibomianitis (13.90%), ocular trauma (3.32%), and dermatitis of lids (2.11%). The differences in the incidence rates between the two groups were statistically significant ( P<0.05), and the differences in the proportions between the two groups were not statistically significant ( P>0.05). Conclusion:The incidence rate of eye diseases of the crewmen on a large surface ship during navigation is much higher than that during the berthing period, and this is especially true for the incidence rates of infectious eye disease, xerophthalmia, asthenopia, and ocular trauma.

Objective:Based on the investigation and analysis of the medical record of the ophthalmic diseases of the crewmen on a certain large surface ship during navigation and berthing, the causes of the diseases were analyzed, so as to provide a basis for the enhancement of ophthalmic medical support for large surface ships.Methods:The outpatient records of the crewmen in the Ophthalmology Department of a certain large surface ship during the navigation (84 d) and berthing (161 d) from January 2018 to August 2019 were reviewed; the incidence rate and proportion of various eye diseases were calculated; and the pathogenetic features, the whole course of diagnosis and treatment, and prognosis were statistically analyzed.Results:The eye diseases of top 6 incidence rate during navigation were conjunctivitis (8.72%), asthenopia (3.42%), xerophthalmia (3.18%), meibomianitis (2.41%), dermatitis of lids (1.00%), and ocular trauma (0.94%); the eye diseases of top 6 incidence rate in the period of berthing were conjunctivitis (8.07%), xerophthalmia (3.65%), asthenopia (3.24%), meibomianitis (2.71%), ocular trauma (0.65%), and dermatitis of lids (0.41%). The proportion of eye diseases during navigation were conjunctivitis (43.02%), asthenopia (16.86%), xerophthalmia (15.70%), meibomianitis (11.92%), dermatitis of lids (4.94%), and ocular trauma (4.36%), while the proportion of eye diseases during the berthing period were conjunctivitis (41.39%), xerophthalmia (18.73%), asthenopia (16.62%), meibomianitis (13.90%), ocular trauma (3.32%), and dermatitis of lids (2.11%). The differences in the incidence rates between the two groups were statistically significant ( P<0.05), and the differences in the proportions between the two groups were not statistically significant ( P>0.05). Conclusion:The incidence rate of eye diseases of the crewmen on a large surface ship during navigation is much higher than that during the berthing period, and this is especially true for the incidence rates of infectious eye disease, xerophthalmia, asthenopia, and ocular trauma.

Objective To apply the Chinese version of Care Partner-Frailty Index-Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CP-FI-CGA) in Taiyuan part of elderly patients and study theirs frailty conditions. Methods To Choose the Chinese version of CP-FI-CGA questionnaire, patients′ general information questionnaire and Clinical Frailty Scale to evaluate 385 patients and analyze the results statistically. Results Of 385 patients, female patients were 166 cases (43.12%);the frailty index score was (0.318 ± 0.165) points, the CFS was 5.044 ± 1.483. Single factor analysis showed that age, marital status, the kinds of medication which the patients used, how much help the patient required, the condition of social support, and the sleep state, these six factors had statistical significance (Z=-7.292, Z=-1.994, χ2=27.726, Z=-9.688,χ2=8.117,χ2=53.477, all P<0.01). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that age, the kinds of medication which the patients used, how much help the patient required and the sleep state, these four factors were independent factors (model R=0.610, R2=0.372; adjusted R2=0.362, F=37.241, P< 0.01). Conclusions CP-FI-CGA questionnaire can accurately estimate the frailty degree by evaluating patients′each system and can be promoted in the clinical geriatric ward and nursing home, etc.

Objective To investigate refraction surgery in Navy recruits from 2014 to 2015,so as to provide reference for the development of visual examination standards in navy recruitment.Methods A total of 4 190 Navy recruits were enrolled for the study.Before visual examination,a questionnaire survey was made on such medical indexes as modes of refraction surgery,the time of surgery,discomfort after surgery,etc.Scores were evaluated and statistical analysis of the obtained data was made.Results The 4 190 recruits who took part in the survey were from 12 provinces and municipalities directly under the Central Government.In the 4 190recruits,650 once received refraction surgery before they entered the service,accounting for 15.5％.In the refraction surgery they received,most surgical procedures involved corneal stroma (87.6％) and corneal surface (12.4％).There were 285 cases that experienced discomfort after surgery,accounting for 43.8％.The types of discomfort were:sense of fatigue after reading (80 cases,accounting for 12.3％),decrease of night vision (43 cases,accounting for 6.6％),and glare (30 cases,accounting for 4.6％),double imaging (10 cases,accounting for 1.5％),and dry eye (122 cases,accounting for 18.8％).Conclusions Proper revision of the present visual examination standards could not only satisfy the demands on the knowledge and physics of military personnel under modern high-tech scenario,but exclude those prospective recruits with potential visual disorders and surgical complications from navy barracks.

Objective To investigate refraction surgery in Navy recruits from 2014 to 2015,so as to provide reference for the development of visual examination standards in navy recruitment.Methods A total of 4 190 Navy recruits were enrolled for the study.Before visual examination,a questionnaire survey was made on such medical indexes as modes of refraction surgery,the time of surgery,discomfort after surgery,etc.Scores were evaluated and statistical analysis of the obtained data was made.Results The 4 190 recruits who took part in the survey were from 12 provinces and municipalities directly under the Central Government.In the 4 190recruits,650 once received refraction surgery before they entered the service,accounting for 15.5％.In the refraction surgery they received,most surgical procedures involved corneal stroma (87.6％) and corneal surface (12.4％).There were 285 cases that experienced discomfort after surgery,accounting for 43.8％.The types of discomfort were:sense of fatigue after reading (80 cases,accounting for 12.3％),decrease of night vision (43 cases,accounting for 6.6％),and glare (30 cases,accounting for 4.6％),double imaging (10 cases,accounting for 1.5％),and dry eye (122 cases,accounting for 18.8％).Conclusions Proper revision of the present visual examination standards could not only satisfy the demands on the knowledge and physics of military personnel under modern high-tech scenario,but exclude those prospective recruits with potential visual disorders and surgical complications from navy barracks.

BACKGROUND:J2 takes functional domain (MHC CD4-D1/) of complex conjugate of CD4 molecule and MHC class II molecule as a target, and is a smal molecule compound obtained by computer screening from a chemical data containing hundreds of thousands of organic compounds. In the previous study, J2 was used in mouse models of skin transplantation and keratoplasty by oral and intraperitoneal injection. Results verified that J2 could prolong the survival time of grafts, and suppress occurrence of rejection. To better play the role of a drug targeting and to reduce systemic toxicity, J2 wil be further utilized in local treatment of keratoplasty rejection. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the inhibitory effect of new immunosuppressive agent J2 on CD4+ and CD8+T cel immune functions in rat models receiving alogenic penetrating keratoplasty. METHODS:Alogeneic penetrating keratoplasty model was established using the adult female Wistar rats as donors and Sprague-Dawley rats as recipients. Group A: normal Sprague-Dawley rats were injected with 0.05 mL placebo subconjunctivaly. Surgery rats were randomly divided into three groups. Group B: alograft rats were injected with 0.05 mL placebo subconjunctivaly after autologous keratoplasty. Group C: alograft rats were injected with 0.05 mL placebo subconjunctivaly. Group D: alograft rats were injected with 1% J2-nanosuspension 0.05 mL subconjunctivaly. The distribution of T cel subsets in peripheral blood was detected using flow cytometry at 3 days, 1, 2 and 3 weeks after transplantation and compared among groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: There was no significant difference in total CD3+ T cels, CD4+ T cels, CD8+ T cels and CD4+/CD8+ in peripheral blood lymphocytes in group B at various time points. At 3 days and 1 week after surgery in group C, no significant difference in total CD3+ T cels, CD4+ T cels and CD8+ T cels was detected. At 1 and 2 weeks, the number of total CD3+ T cels, CD4+ T cels and CD8+ T cels increased, showing significant differences (P < 0.05). In group D, no significant hyperplasy was found in CD4+ T cels and CD8+ T cels at 1 and 2 weeks. The horizontal comparison of the same time point: the total CD3+ T lymphocytes of group D was significantly less than group C at 3 days, 1 and 2 weeks after operation (P < 0.05), whereas there was no significant difference at 3 weeks between the group D and group C. The number of CD4+ T lymphocytes in group D was less than in group C at 3 days and 1 week, but with no significant difference. The ratio of CD4+/CD8+ had no significant difference in group D compared with group C at 3 days, 1 and 3 weeks. J2 inhibits T lymphocyte proliferation and then inhibits T cel-mediated corneal alograft rejection.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical efficacy and toxicity of gefitinib combined with Zhenqi Fuzheng capsule in treatment of senile non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) at the middle and late stages. Methods88 patients with NSCLC at Ⅲ b-Ⅳ were randomly divided into combined drugs group ( gefitinib combined Zhenqi Fuzheng capsule,n =46 cases) and single drug group (gefitinib,n=42 cases).After treatment for 60 d,the short-term efficacy,side effects and quality of life were observed and evaluated. The objective response and survival rate were assessed after following up for 2 years. Results The short-term efficacy rate in the combined drugs group (19.6 ％ ) was higher than single drug group (11.9 ％ ),but there was no significant difference between the two groups (x2=0.096,P＞0.05).The rate of Karnofsky score in improvement and stableness was 71.7％ in combined drugs group and 50.0％ in single drug group,and quality of life improved after combined drugs compared with single drug treatment (x2 =4.376,P＜0.05).The adverse effects in combined drugs group was some lower than in single drug group with no statistical significance.There was no differences in the survival rates of 2 years between the two groups(x2 =0.556,P＞0.05). ConclusionsThe gefitinib combined Zhenqi Fuzheng capsule in treatment of middle-and late-stage NSCLC is worthy to be popularized due to positive efficacy,less side effects and higher quality of life.