Noncirrhotic hyperammonemia as a cause of acute confusion remains diagnostic challenge. Deficiency of ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC) is the urea cycle disorder, inborn errors caused by a defect of the enzymes in the urea cycle, leading to an accumulation of ammonia mainly in newborn. There were very few cases, in which OTC deficiency result in hyperammonemia in adulthood. Herein, we report a young adult woman of hyperammonemic encephalopathy with OTC deficiency, diagnosed by high blood ammonia, glutamine and low plasma levels of citrulline. Next generation sequencing showed the c.386+5G>A mutation of the OTC gene.

Background: Among type 2 diabetes patients hospitalized for blood sugar control, stress and depression are high and have a negative effect on blood sugar control. Therefore, this study sought to determine whether listening to music helps reduce stress and depression and affects blood sugar control. Methods: This is a randomized, controlled, pre- and post-design study conducted from April 2017 to September 2019 in patients with type 2 diabetes hospitalized for blood glucose control at Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong. After diabetes education was provided to both the control and experimental groups, the experimental group listened to music for 30 minutes a day with a tablet PC and the control group was prohibited from listening to music during the study period. Stress was evaluated using the PAID (Problem Areas in Diabetes) scores, depression using the CES-D (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression) scale, and self-management using the SDSCA (Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities) questionnaire. Results: A total of 59 patients (41.5 ± 12.6 years, 75.0% male) were enrolled and randomized into the control group (n = 28) and experimental group (n = 31). Music therapy had no statistically significant relationship with blood sugar (P = 0.887), depression (P = 0.248), stress (P = 0.994), or self-management (P = 0.959). However, in both groups, blood glucose control, stress, and self-management were all significantly improved at discharge compared to at the beginning of hospitalization (P = 0.031). Conclusion It was confirmed that intensive medical treatment and diabetes education for hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes improved not only blood glucose control but also depression, stress, and self-management, regardless of listening to music.

Background: Among type 2 diabetes patients hospitalized for blood sugar control, stress and depression are high and have a negative effect on blood sugar control. Therefore, this study sought to determine whether listening to music helps reduce stress and depression and affects blood sugar control. Methods: This is a randomized, controlled, pre- and post-design study conducted from April 2017 to September 2019 in patients with type 2 diabetes hospitalized for blood glucose control at Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong. After diabetes education was provided to both the control and experimental groups, the experimental group listened to music for 30 minutes a day with a tablet PC and the control group was prohibited from listening to music during the study period. Stress was evaluated using the PAID (Problem Areas in Diabetes) scores, depression using the CES-D (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression) scale, and self-management using the SDSCA (Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities) questionnaire. Results: A total of 59 patients (41.5 ± 12.6 years, 75.0% male) were enrolled and randomized into the control group (n = 28) and experimental group (n = 31). Music therapy had no statistically significant relationship with blood sugar (P = 0.887), depression (P = 0.248), stress (P = 0.994), or self-management (P = 0.959). However, in both groups, blood glucose control, stress, and self-management were all significantly improved at discharge compared to at the beginning of hospitalization (P = 0.031). Conclusion It was confirmed that intensive medical treatment and diabetes education for hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes improved not only blood glucose control but also depression, stress, and self-management, regardless of listening to music.

Background: Among type 2 diabetes patients hospitalized for blood sugar control, stress and depression are high and have a negative effect on blood sugar control. Therefore, this study sought to determine whether listening to music helps reduce stress and depression and affects blood sugar control. Methods: This is a randomized, controlled, pre- and post-design study conducted from April 2017 to September 2019 in patients with type 2 diabetes hospitalized for blood glucose control at Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong. After diabetes education was provided to both the control and experimental groups, the experimental group listened to music for 30 minutes a day with a tablet PC and the control group was prohibited from listening to music during the study period. Stress was evaluated using the PAID (Problem Areas in Diabetes) scores, depression using the CES-D (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression) scale, and self-management using the SDSCA (Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities) questionnaire. Results: A total of 59 patients (41.5 ± 12.6 years, 75.0% male) were enrolled and randomized into the control group (n = 28) and experimental group (n = 31). Music therapy had no statistically significant relationship with blood sugar (P = 0.887), depression (P = 0.248), stress (P = 0.994), or self-management (P = 0.959). However, in both groups, blood glucose control, stress, and self-management were all significantly improved at discharge compared to at the beginning of hospitalization (P = 0.031). Conclusion It was confirmed that intensive medical treatment and diabetes education for hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes improved not only blood glucose control but also depression, stress, and self-management, regardless of listening to music.

In the 2023 series, we summarized the major clinical research advances in gynecologic oncology based on communications at the conference of Asian Society of Gynecologic Oncology Review Course. The review consisted of 1) Endometrial cancer: immune checkpoint inhibitor, antibody drug conjugates (ADCs), selective inhibitor of nuclear export, CDK4/6 inhibitors WEE1 inhibitor, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors. 2) Cervical cancer: surgery in low-risk early-stage cervical cancer, therapy for locally advanced stage and advanced, metastatic, or recurrent setting; and 3) Ovarian cancer: immunotherapy, triplet therapies using immune checkpoint inhibitors along with antiangiogenic agents and PARP inhibitors, and ADCs. In 2023, the field of endometrial cancer treatment witnessed a landmark year, marked by several practice-changing outcomes with immune checkpoint inhibitors and the reliable efficacy of PARP inhibitors and ADCs.