Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are communication vectors between cells and organs, which have been demonstrated new potential role in the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of kidney diseases. This paper describes the role of EVs in intercellular and inter organ communication in diabetic nephropathy by reviewing the biological properties of EVs, EVs-mediated organ-organ crosstalk, cell-cell crosstalk in diabetic nephropathy, and the role of EVs in the diagnosis and treatment of renal diseases. These insights aim to provide a theoretical basis for a more comprehensive understanding of the role of EVs in the pathogenesis and progression of diabetic nephropathy.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are communication vectors between cells and organs, which have been demonstrated new potential role in the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of kidney diseases. This paper describes the role of EVs in intercellular and inter organ communication in diabetic nephropathy by reviewing the biological properties of EVs, EVs-mediated organ-organ crosstalk, cell-cell crosstalk in diabetic nephropathy, and the role of EVs in the diagnosis and treatment of renal diseases. These insights aim to provide a theoretical basis for a more comprehensive understanding of the role of EVs in the pathogenesis and progression of diabetic nephropathy.

Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging disease that is endemic in East Asia. The SFTS virus (SFTSV) is transmitted to other organisms by infected ticks and is endemic to Nagasaki in western Japan. However, epidemiological information regarding SFTSV in Nagasaki ticks has not been elucidated. In this study, we first examined the sensitivities of SFTSV gene detection by real-time RT-PCR and virus isolation in cultured cells and mice. These methods could detect SFTSV in the samples containing more than 4 × 10⁰ ffu. Next, we attempted to isolate SFTSV and to detect viral gene in 2,222 nymph and adult ticks collected from May to August 2013 among seven regions of Nagasaki. However, neither virus isolation nor viral gene detection were confirmed in those tick pools. SFTSV positivity rates are considered very low in ticks and viral loads in ticks are also very limited. Further investigation by increasing the number of ticks and including larval samples in the investigation, as well as improved detection methods, may be required to find SFTSV-positive ticks in this region.

Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging disease endemic in East Asia. Transmitted to other organisms by infected ticks, the SFTS virus (SFTSV) and is endemic to Nagasaki in western Japan. However, epidemiological information regarding SFTSV in Nagasaki ticks has not been available to date. In this study, we began by examining the sensitivities of SFTSV gene detection by real-time RT-PCR and virus isolation in cultured cells and mice. These methods could detect SFTSV in the samples containing more than 4 × 10⁰ ffu. Next, we attempted to isolate SFTSV and to detect viral gene in 2,222 nymph and adult ticks collected from May to August 2013 among seven regions of Nagasaki. However, neither virus isolation nor viral gene detection were confirmed in the tick pools. SFTSV positivity rates are considered to be very low in ticks, and viral loads are also very limited. Further investigations increasing the number of ticks and including larval samples as well as improved detection methods, may be required to find SFTSV-positive ticks in this region.