Objective To evaluate the predictive ability and influencing factors of individualized drug administration adjuvant decision-making system Java PK? for Desktop(JPKD)for tacrolimus blood concentration in kidney transplant recipients.Methods The monitoring data of tacrolimus blood concentration from 149 recipients early after kidney transplantation were collected.The trough blood concentration of tacrolimus was predicted by JPKD.The absolute weighted deviation and relative prediction deviation between the actual and predicted concentration were calculated.The influencing factors of the absolute weighted deviation were analyzed by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses,and the predictive values of these influencing factors on the accuracy of software prediction were assessed by delineating the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve.Results Two hundred and sixty-six samples of tacrolimus blood concentration data were collected from 149 patients.The measured blood concentration of tacrolimus was(6.5±3.0)ng/mL(1.1-16.6 ng/mL),and the predicted value calculated by JPKD was(5.6±2.5)ng/mL(1.4-14.4 ng/mL).The absolute weighted deviation of the calculated data was 28.38％,and the relative prediction deviation was-13.55％.Univariate analysis showed that gender,albumin,changes in hematocrit,cytochrome P450(CYP)3A5*3 genotype and C3435T genotype were associated with the inaccurate prediction results.Multivariate logistic regression analysis found that CYP3A5*3 genotype of AA and the changes in hematocrit were the independent risk factors affecting the accuracy of tacrolimus blood concentration predicted by JPKD.ROC curve analysis showed that when the changes in hematocrit exceeded 2.25％,the risk of inaccurate software prediction was increased.Conclusions JPKD possesses certain accuracy in predicting the blood concentration of tacrolimus in kidney transplant recipients,which may improve the qualified rate of tacrolimus blood concentration.Nevertheless,CYP3A5*3 genotype and the changes of hematocrit may affect the accuracy of predictions.

Objective:To study the iodine nutrition status of key populations in Sichuan Province, so as to provide a basis for scientific supplementation of iodine and adjustment of prevention and control measures.Methods:From 2018 to 2022, the stratified cluster sampling method was used in 21 counties (district) in Sichuan Province. Each county (district) was divided into 5 areas based on east, west, south, north, and center. One township (street) was selected as a monitoring site from each area. Forty children aged 8 - 10 years old and 20 pregnant women, women of childbearing age, lactating women, and their infants and young children (0 - 2 years old) were randomly selected from each monitoring site. Household edible salt and urine samples were collected for salt and urine iodine testing. B-ultrasound method was used for thyroid examination in children.Results:A total of 52 019 samples of edible salt were collected, including 50 084 qualified iodized salt samples. The qualified iodized salt consumption rate was 96.3%, and the median salt iodine was 27.1 mg/kg. A total of 21 021 urine samples from children were tested, with a median urine iodine level of 199.5 μg/L. A total of 10 293 urine samples were taken from pregnant women, and the median urine iodine level was 172.6 μg/L. A total of 10 502 urine samples were taken from women of childbearing age, with a median urine iodine level of 174.4 μg/L. A total of 10 444 urine samples were taken from lactating women, and the median urine iodine level was 164.9 μg/L. There were 10 442 urine samples from infants and young children, and the median urine iodine level was 191.9 μg/L. A total of 21 028 children underwent thyroid examination, with a goiter rate of 1.8% (370/21 028).Conclusion:From 2018 to 2022, the iodine nutrition of key populations in Sichuan Province is at an appropriate level, and the elimination of iodine deficiency disorders continues to be maintained.

Objective:To explore the trajectory of postpartum post-traumatic stress disorder (PP-PTSD) in women of advanced maternal age and its influencing factors.Methods:From September 2021 to March 2023, convenience sampling was used to select women of advanced maternal age in the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics at Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province as participants. Parturients were surveyed at one week, one month, six months, and 12 months after delivering using General Information Questionnaire, Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Check-list-civilian Version, Social Capital Scale, and 10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale. The latent growth mixture model was used to analyze the trajectory of PP-PTSD.Results:A total of 467 questionnaires were distributed, and 456 valid questionnaires were collected, with a valid rate of 97.64%. There were four types of PP-PTSD trajectories in women of advanced maternal age, namely non PP-PTSD type (71.27%, 325/456), early onset-gradual recovery type (12.06%, 55/456), early onset-prolonged type (9.21%, 42/456), and late onset-risk type (7.46%, 34/456). Univariate analysis showed that delivery mode, pregnancy complications, social capital, and psychological resilience were potential categories of influencing factors for the trajectory of PP-PTSD in women of advanced maternal age ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:There is population heterogeneity in the trajectory of PP-PTSD among women of advanced maternal age. It is recommended that medical and nursing staff dynamically monitor the PP-PTSD of women of advanced maternal age, identify their trajectory types early, and develop precise intervention measures based on classification.

Epigenomic imbalance drives abnormal transcriptional processes,promoting the onset and progression of cancer.Although defective gene regulation generally affects carcinogenesis and tumor suppression networks,tumor immunogenicity and immune cells involved in antitumor responses may also be affected by epigenomic changes,which may have significant implications for the development and application of epigenetic therapy,cancer immunotherapy,and their combinations.Herein,we focus on the impact of epigenetic regulation on tumor immune cell function and the role of key abnormal epigenetic processes,DNA methylation,histone post-translational modification,and chromatin structure in tumor immunogenicity,and introduce these epigenetic research methods.We emphasize the value of small-molecule inhibitors of epigenetic modulators in enhancing antitumor immune responses and discuss the challenges of developing treatment plans that combine epigenetic therapy and immuno-therapy through the complex interaction between cancer epigenetics and cancer immunology.

Rapid turnover of the intestinal epithelium is a critical strategy to balance the uptake of nutrients and defend against environmental insults, whereas inappropriate death promotes the spread of inflammation. PPARα is highly expressed in the small intestine and regulates the absorption of dietary lipids. However, as a key mediator of inflammation, the impact of intestinal PPARα signaling on cell death pathways is unknown. Here, we show that Pparα deficiency of intestinal epithelium up-regulates necroptosis signals, disrupts the gut vascular barrier, and promotes LPS translocation into the liver. Intestinal Pparα deficiency drives age-related hepatic steatosis and aggravates hepatic fibrosis induced by a high-fat plus high-sucrose diet (HFHS). PPARα levels correlate with TRIM38 and MLKL in the human ileum. Inhibition of PPARα up-regulates necroptosis signals in the intestinal organoids triggered by TNF-α and LPS stimuli via TRIM38/TRIF and CREB3L3/MLKL pathways. Butyric acid ameliorates hepatic steatosis induced by intestinal Pparα deficiency through the inhibition of necroptosis. Our data suggest that intestinal PPARα is essential for the maintenance of microenvironmental homeostasis and the spread of inflammation via the gut-liver axis.

【Objective】 To explore the current status of positive psychological qualities among college students who had participated in voluntary blood donation in Changsha area, so as to demonstrate that scientific blood donation can promote mental health. 【Methods】 From May to June 2022, 1 440 college students in Changsha was selected as the research subjects by stratified random sampling method. They were divided into groups based on their experience of blood donation. A questionnaire survey was conducted using the General Information Questionnaire, the Chinese College Student Positive Psychological Product Quality Scale, and the Repeated Blood Donation Behavior Survey Scale. 【Results】 There were differences in the six dimensions of positive psychological quality among different family and friends in terms of their support for blood donation, blood donation status among different family members, understanding of voluntary blood donation knowledge (P<0.05). There were differences in positive psychological qualities among different levels of blood reimbursement experiences (cognitive dimension, moderation dimension, transcendence dimension), different blood donation times (moderation dimension, interpersonal dimension), different blood donation volumes (moderation dimension, fairness dimension), different comprehensive blood donation experiences (moderation dimension, transcendence dimension, interpersonal dimension, emotional dimension) and reasons for blood donation (cognitive dimension, moderation dimension, interpresonal dimension, emotional dimension, fairness dimension)(P<0.05). The positive psychological quality of college students was positively correlated with their intention to repeat blood donation behavior (P<0.01), and the difference was statistically significant. 【Conclusion】 The positive psychological quality of college students with blood donation experience in Changsha surpassed those without blood donation experience, and their positive psychological quality was positively correlated to their intention to repeated blood donation. Therefore, it is recommended to encourage voluntary blood donation among college students.

Chinese materia medica is the material basis of the development of traditional Chinese medicine， but the rapid growth of the demand for Chinese materia medica resources and environmental deterioration make a large number of wild medicine resources endangered. At present， artificial cultivation of Chinese medicinal materials is the main way to alleviate the contradiction between supply and demand in the market， but the production and quality of medicinal materials are seriously affected by the lack of process control， specialization and fine management in medicinal plant cultivation. Early prediction and evaluation of the growth， yield， diseases and insect pests of medicinal plants is an important technical means to guarantee the yield and quality of Chinese medicinal materials， and effective and non-destructive process monitoring technology is the prerequisite for realizing the modernization of Chinese medicine agriculture. With the advantages of rapid， non-destructive and accurate detection， hyperspectral remote sensing has been widely used in recent years for plant growth information extraction and yield assessment， as well as monitoring crop growth and response to adversity stress， becoming an important technical tool for precision agricultural production such as quality monitoring and pest and disease prevention. Therefore， combined with hyperspectral data processing and analysis methods， the application of hyperspectral remote sensing technology in monitoring plant physiological characteristics， environmental stress， resource investigation and quality inspection of medicinal materials is systematically reviewed， and combined with the characteristics of medicinal plants， the application prospect of hyperspectral remote sensing technology in improving the monitoring ability of production process of Chinese medicinal materials， realizing real-time dynamic monitoring of medicinal materials cultivation， developing early diagnosis technology of pests and diseases for nondestructive detection， and establishing quality traceability of high-quality Chinese medicinal materials is discussed， in order to solve the related problems in precision cultivation of Chinese medicine agriculture by hyperspectral remote sensing technology， and provide new ideas and solutions for the sustainable utilization of Chinese medicine resources and the development of intelligent Chinese medicine agriculture.

Understanding the connection between brain and behavior in animals requires precise monitoring of their behaviors in three-dimensional (3-D) space. However, there is no available three-dimensional behavior capture system that focuses on rodents. Here, we present MouseVenue3D, an automated and low-cost system for the efficient capture of 3-D skeleton trajectories in markerless rodents. We improved the most time-consuming step in 3-D behavior capturing by developing an automatic calibration module. Then, we validated this process in behavior recognition tasks, and showed that 3-D behavioral data achieved higher accuracy than 2-D data. Subsequently, MouseVenue3D was combined with fast high-resolution miniature two-photon microscopy for synchronous neural recording and behavioral tracking in the freely-moving mouse. Finally, we successfully decoded spontaneous neuronal activity from the 3-D behavior of mice. Our findings reveal that subtle, spontaneous behavior modules are strongly correlated with spontaneous neuronal activity patterns.
Animals ; Behavior, Animal ; Brain/diagnostic imaging* ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional/methods* ; Mice ; Neuroimaging ; Rodentia

Background Exposure to ambient nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) could increase the risks of small for gestational age (SGA) and large for gestational age (LGA). Nevertheless, previous published studies usually use a time period over relatively long durations as the exposure window, such as trimester-specific or gestational months, to identify adverse pregnancy outcomes related susceptible exposure windows for ambient air pollution. At present, no study has explored associations of weekly-specific ambient air NO₂ exposure around pregnancy with SGA and LGA. Objective To evaluate the associations of exposure to ambient NO₂ over the preconception and entire pregnancy period with risks of SGA and LGA, as well as to explore critical windows of NO₂ exposure by refining exposure period to specific weeks. Methods Based on a birth cohort established by the project Environmental and LifEstyle FActors iN metabolic health throughout life-course Trajectories (ELEFANT) situated in Tianjin, 10 916 singleton pregnant women whose dates of the last menstrual period and delivery were both between June 2014 and June 2016, and whose gestational age were within 24-42 completed gestational weeks were included in this study. Each pregnant woman's exposures to ambient NO₂ throughout 12 weeks before pregnancy and pregnancy period were matched with daily average NO₂ concentrations obtained from the Chinese air quality reanalysis datasets (CAQRA). Distributed lag models incorporated in Cox proportional hazard regression models were applied to explore the associations of maternal exposure to weekly ambient NO₂ throughout 12 weeks before pregnancy and pregnancy period with risks of SGA and LGA after controlling for potential confounders including maternal age, ethnicity, educational level, occupation, body mass index before pregnancy, residence, times of gravidity and parity, smoking, alcohol consumption, husband smoking, and season of conception. Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated per 3 μg·m⁻³ increase in ambient NO₂ concentrations. Results The average levels of maternal exposure to NO₂ over the preconception, first trimester, second trimester, third trimester, and entire pregnancy periods were (39.6±10.8), (42.7±10.5), (44.8±12.7), (37.7±11.1), and (41.6±4.8) μg·m⁻³, respectively. For a 3 μg·m⁻³ increase in NO₂ over the first trimester, the risk of SGA increased by 19.0% (95%CI: 8.0%-32.0%). For a 3 μg·m⁻³ increase in NO₂ over the preconception, first trimester, and entire pregnancy, the associated risks of LGA increased by 7.0% (95%CI: 1.0%-13.0%), 37.0% (95%CI: 29.0%-46.0%) and 19.0% (95%CI: 9.0%-31.0%), respectively. For SGA, the susceptible exposure windows for NO₂ were observed during the 7^th to 12^th preconceptional weeks and the 6^th to 12^th gestational weeks, with the strongest association found at the 12^th preconceptional week, when the risk of SGA increased by 6.0% (95%CI:3.2%-8.9%) for a 3 μg·m⁻³ increase in NO₂. For LGA, the susceptible exposure windows for NO₂ were observed during the 1^st to 12^th preconceptional weeks and the 1^st to 6^th gestational weeks, with the strongest association found at the 12^th preconceptional week, when the risk of LGA increased by 6.1% (95%CI: 4.5%-7.8%) for a 3 μg·m⁻³ increase in NO₂. Conclusion Exposure to ambient NO₂ is associated with increased risks of both SGA and LGA, and the most susceptible weekly exposure windows are nested within the 12 weeks before pregnancy and early pregnancy.

Background Essential and non-essential elements have an important impact on the development of the central nervous system during fetal development. Due to their less developed brain, preterm infants are more sensitive to element exposure, and are high-risk groups of neurodevelopmental abnormalities. However, it is not clear whether the effects of element exposure in utero on postpartum neurodevelopment are different between full-term infants and preterm infants. Objective To evaluate the effects of element exposure levels during pregnancy on neurodevelopment of children aged 6-24 months (of corrected age), and compare the effects between preterm and full-term children. Methods A prospective study design was adopted and this study was conducted based on the Maoming Birth Cohort Study (MBCS) in Maoming City, Guangdong Province. Twenty elements in cord blood of 197 preterm infants and 297 full-term infants were measured, including 11 essential trace elements [vanadium (V), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), selenium (Se), strontium (Sr), tin (Sn), and iron (Fe)], and 9 non-essential trace elements [aluminum (Al), arsenic (As), thallium (Tl), lead (Pb), uranium (U), cerium (Ce), antimony (Sb), cadmium (Cd), and yttrium (Y)]. The neurodevelopment of the children at 6, 12, and 24 months were evaluated by the Ages and Stages Questionnaires-the Third Edition (ASQ-3). A generalized estimating equation (GEE) model was adopted to evaluate the associations between elements and neurodevelopment in full-term and preterm children separately. Results The positive rates of 10 elements (Mn, Cu, Zn, Se, Sr, Fe, Sb, Tl, Pb, and As) in cord blood were greater than 80%. Among the preterm birth children, the results of GEE analysis showed that after adjusting for the covariates, for each increase of interquartile range (IQR) in ln-transformed concentration, As was associated with problems/delay in the communication and problem-solving sub-scales, with the adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of 1.36 (1.03-1.80) and 1.55 (1.10-2.20), respectively; the adjusted OR (95%CI) of problems/delay in the fine motor and problem-solving sub-scales were 1.44 (1.00-2.07) and 1.76 (1.09-2.84) for Sb, respectively; the adjusted OR (95%CI) of problems/delay in the communication sub-scale was 1.37 (1.09-1.74) for Se. No statistically significant associations between umbilical cord blood element concentrations and neurodevelopment indicators were observed among full-term children. The results of stratified analysis by sex showed that the associations between umbilical cord blood element concentrations and neurodevelopment problems/delay were only significant among female preterm children. Conclusion Exposures to As, Se, and Sb during pregnancy may increase the risk of neurodevelopment problems/delay in preterm children aged 6-24 months, and female seem to be more vulnerable.