Depression disorder is a common psychological condition characterized by high incidence,high relapse rates,and disability,and has become a major global public health issue.The prevalence of depression has increased by 27.6%after the COVID-19 pandemic.Depression disorder not only exacerbates healthcare resource consumption and reduces social productivity but may also trigger extreme behaviors such as suicide,posing a severe threat to the life and health of humans.However,the pathological mechanisms underlying depression disorder remain unclear.The phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B signaling pathway,one of the key pathways,participates in disease progression by mediating the inflammatory response,oxidative stress,and apoptosis.In traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)theory,depression disorder is classified under categories such as"depression syndrome,""hysteria,"or"lily disease,"with deficiency,heat,phlegm,and blood stasis as its primary pathological factors and"stagnation-deficiency-obstruction"as the core phthogenesis.The theory of form,qi,and spirit,rooted in the holistic view of TCM,conceptualizes depression disorder as a dynamic process of"spirit dysfunction → qi depletion → physical damage."Notably,the biological processes mediated by the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway exhibit significant similarities with the pathological chain of the spirit-qi-form.This paper systematically explores the association between the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and the pathogenesis of depression disorder from the perspective of the form-qi-spirit theory.Spirit dysfunction affects pathway activity through neuroendocrine pathways.Qi depletion is closely associated with mitochondrial dysfunction,which is regulated by the pathway.Physical damage involves pathological processes such as inflammation and apoptosis.By elucidating the intrinsic relationships between these three aspects,this study provides a theoretical foundation and research direction for the integration of traditional Chinese and western medicine treatments,as well as drug development for depression disorder.

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of modified painless suppurative moxibustion with wheat-grain sized moxa cones plus Western medication in treating cough variant asthma(CVA)due to wind-cold attacking the lung and its effects on pulmonary function,serum immunoglobulin(Ig)-E,hypersensitive C-reactive protein(hs-CRP),and interleukin(IL)-6.Methods:A total of 98 CVA patients were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group using the random number table method,with 49 cases in each group.The control group was treated with salmeterol xinafoate and fluticasone propionate powder for inhalation,and the observation group was treated with additional modified painless suppurative moxibustion with wheat-grain sized moxa cones.The treatment lasted for 8 weeks.The traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)symptom score of the patients in both groups was observed before treatment,after treatment,and at 1-month follow-up after treatment for its changes.The clinical efficacy after treatment and at 1-month follow-up was compared between the two groups.The pulmonary function[forced expiratory volume in the first second(FEV1),FEV1/forced vital capacity(FVC),and peak expiratory flow(PEF)]and serum IgE,hs-CRP,and IL-6 levels were compared between the two groups before and after treatment.The adverse reactions that occurred during the treatment in both groups were observed and recorded.Results:The total effective rate of the observation group after treatment and at follow-up was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).The TCM symptom scores in both groups after treatment and at follow-up were lower compared to the baseline(P<0.05),and the scores in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).The FEV1,FEV1/FVC,and PEF after treatment in both groups were higher compared to the baseline(P<0.05),and the levels in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).The serum levels of IgE,IL-6,and hs-CRP after treatment in both groups were lower than the baseline(P<0.05),and the levels in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).There were no adverse reactions in either group during the course of the study.Conclusion:Modified painless suppurative moxibustion with wheat-grain sized moxa cones plus salmeterol xinafoate and fluticasone propionate powder for inhalation is effective in treating CVA due to wind-cold attacking the lung;it can relieve the clinical symptoms of the patients,improve their pulmonary function,and also reduce serum IgE,hs-CRP,and IL-6 levels.

Depression disorder is a common psychological condition characterized by high incidence,high relapse rates,and disability,and has become a major global public health issue.The prevalence of depression has increased by 27.6%after the COVID-19 pandemic.Depression disorder not only exacerbates healthcare resource consumption and reduces social productivity but may also trigger extreme behaviors such as suicide,posing a severe threat to the life and health of humans.However,the pathological mechanisms underlying depression disorder remain unclear.The phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B signaling pathway,one of the key pathways,participates in disease progression by mediating the inflammatory response,oxidative stress,and apoptosis.In traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)theory,depression disorder is classified under categories such as"depression syndrome,""hysteria,"or"lily disease,"with deficiency,heat,phlegm,and blood stasis as its primary pathological factors and"stagnation-deficiency-obstruction"as the core phthogenesis.The theory of form,qi,and spirit,rooted in the holistic view of TCM,conceptualizes depression disorder as a dynamic process of"spirit dysfunction → qi depletion → physical damage."Notably,the biological processes mediated by the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway exhibit significant similarities with the pathological chain of the spirit-qi-form.This paper systematically explores the association between the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and the pathogenesis of depression disorder from the perspective of the form-qi-spirit theory.Spirit dysfunction affects pathway activity through neuroendocrine pathways.Qi depletion is closely associated with mitochondrial dysfunction,which is regulated by the pathway.Physical damage involves pathological processes such as inflammation and apoptosis.By elucidating the intrinsic relationships between these three aspects,this study provides a theoretical foundation and research direction for the integration of traditional Chinese and western medicine treatments,as well as drug development for depression disorder.

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of modified painless suppurative moxibustion with wheat-grain sized moxa cones plus Western medication in treating cough variant asthma(CVA)due to wind-cold attacking the lung and its effects on pulmonary function,serum immunoglobulin(Ig)-E,hypersensitive C-reactive protein(hs-CRP),and interleukin(IL)-6.Methods:A total of 98 CVA patients were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group using the random number table method,with 49 cases in each group.The control group was treated with salmeterol xinafoate and fluticasone propionate powder for inhalation,and the observation group was treated with additional modified painless suppurative moxibustion with wheat-grain sized moxa cones.The treatment lasted for 8 weeks.The traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)symptom score of the patients in both groups was observed before treatment,after treatment,and at 1-month follow-up after treatment for its changes.The clinical efficacy after treatment and at 1-month follow-up was compared between the two groups.The pulmonary function[forced expiratory volume in the first second(FEV1),FEV1/forced vital capacity(FVC),and peak expiratory flow(PEF)]and serum IgE,hs-CRP,and IL-6 levels were compared between the two groups before and after treatment.The adverse reactions that occurred during the treatment in both groups were observed and recorded.Results:The total effective rate of the observation group after treatment and at follow-up was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).The TCM symptom scores in both groups after treatment and at follow-up were lower compared to the baseline(P<0.05),and the scores in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).The FEV1,FEV1/FVC,and PEF after treatment in both groups were higher compared to the baseline(P<0.05),and the levels in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).The serum levels of IgE,IL-6,and hs-CRP after treatment in both groups were lower than the baseline(P<0.05),and the levels in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).There were no adverse reactions in either group during the course of the study.Conclusion:Modified painless suppurative moxibustion with wheat-grain sized moxa cones plus salmeterol xinafoate and fluticasone propionate powder for inhalation is effective in treating CVA due to wind-cold attacking the lung;it can relieve the clinical symptoms of the patients,improve their pulmonary function,and also reduce serum IgE,hs-CRP,and IL-6 levels.

The historical background of recent-times“developing the Western and restraining the Chinese, and abolishing the old and conserving the new”determines the fact that the prominent feature of acupuncture development is actual effect. Shanghai famous doctors gathered, wrote kooks, established theories, run schools, paid attention to information exchange, participated in treatment for refractory and serious diseases including epidemic diseases, worked together to the academic inheritance of acupuncture and moxibustion and played an important role in preserving traditional Chinese medicine and spreading acupuncture and moxibustion.