Huopo Xialingtang is a famous classical formula for treating dampness and warmth， which is included in the Catalogue of Ancient Famous Classical Formulas（The First Batch）. In this paper， bibliometric methods was used to collect the literature related to Huopo Xialingtang， and 16 items of related literature were retrieved， involving five medical books， which were used to textual research on the origin， name， composition， drug dosage， preparation method， processing and main treatment symptoms of this formula. The results indicated that Huopo Xialingtang was originated from Yiyuan written by Shi Funan in the Qing dynasty， and and was later named and extended by He Lianchen. The composition of the proposed formula was consistent with the record of Yiyuan， and the origin of each Chinese materia medica was basically clear. Houpo was the dried bark and root bark of Magnolia officinalis， Zexie was the dried tubers of Alisma orientale， Kuxingren was the dried mature seeds of Prunus armeniaca， Doukou was the dried mature fruits of Amomum kravanh， the origin of Tuhuoxiang was consistent with the 2018 edition of Shanghai Standards of Processing Chinese Crud Drugs， and the origins of the remaining Chinese medicines were consistent with the 2020 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia. The converted dose of each Chinese medicine was 7.46 g for Agastache rugosa， 3.73 g for Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex， 8.39 g for Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum cum Zingibere et Alumine， 11.19 g for Poria， 11.19 g for Armeniacae Semen Amarum， 14.92 g for Coicis Semen， 2.61 g for Amomi Fructus Rotundus， 5.60 g for Polyporus， 5.60 g for Alismatis Rhizoma， 14.92 g for Tetrapanacis Medulla. Huopo Xialingtang was initially used for the treatment of dampness and warmth at the beginning of the disease， and was later expanded to treat dampness obstruction， dampness-warming dysentery and so on， but always with the dampness-heat in the lungs and spleen as the pathogenesis. In modern times， the clinical application is more extensive， used in digestive， respiratory， endocrine， nervous system and other types of diseases， especially for chronic gastritis， stomach pain and fever. By combing the ancient literature of Huopo Xialingtang， we verified the origin of the formula and determined the key information of the prescription， which can provide literature reference for the clinical application and drug development of this formula.

Background::Hepatitis B poses a heavy burden for children in China, however, the national studies on the distributional characteristics and health care costs of children with severe hepatitis B is still lacking. This study aimed to analyze the disease characteristics, health economic effects, and medical cost for children with severe hepatitis B in China.Methods::Based on patient information in the Hospital Quality Monitoring System, cases with severe hepatitis B were divided into four groups according to age, and the etiology and symptoms of each group were quantified. The cost of hospitalization was calculated for cases with different disease processes, and severity of disease. The spatial aggregation of cases and the relationship with health economic factors were analyzed by Moran’s I analysis. Results::The total number of children discharged with hepatitis B from January 2016 to April 2022 was 1603, with an average age of 10.5 years. Liver failure cases accounted for 43.48% (697/1603) of total cases and cirrhosis cases accounted for 11.23% (180/1603). According to the grouping of disease progression, there were 1292 cases without associated complications, and the median hospitalization cost was $818.12. According to the spatial analysis, the aggregation of cases was statistically significant at the prefectural and provincial levels in 2019, 2020, and 2021 (all P <0.05). The number of severe cases was negatively correlated with gross domestic product (Moran’s I <0) and percentage of urban population (Moran’s I <0), and positively correlated with the number of pediatric beds per million population (Moran’s I >0). Conclusion::The number of severe hepatitis B cases is low in areas with high gross domestic product levels and high urban population ratios, and health care costs have been declining over the years.

Background::Hepatitis B poses a heavy burden for children in China, however, the national studies on the distributional characteristics and health care costs of children with severe hepatitis B is still lacking. This study aimed to analyze the disease characteristics, health economic effects, and medical cost for children with severe hepatitis B in China.Methods::Based on patient information in the Hospital Quality Monitoring System, cases with severe hepatitis B were divided into four groups according to age, and the etiology and symptoms of each group were quantified. The cost of hospitalization was calculated for cases with different disease processes, and severity of disease. The spatial aggregation of cases and the relationship with health economic factors were analyzed by Moran’s I analysis. Results::The total number of children discharged with hepatitis B from January 2016 to April 2022 was 1603, with an average age of 10.5 years. Liver failure cases accounted for 43.48% (697/1603) of total cases and cirrhosis cases accounted for 11.23% (180/1603). According to the grouping of disease progression, there were 1292 cases without associated complications, and the median hospitalization cost was $818.12. According to the spatial analysis, the aggregation of cases was statistically significant at the prefectural and provincial levels in 2019, 2020, and 2021 (all P <0.05). The number of severe cases was negatively correlated with gross domestic product (Moran’s I <0) and percentage of urban population (Moran’s I <0), and positively correlated with the number of pediatric beds per million population (Moran’s I >0). Conclusion::The number of severe hepatitis B cases is low in areas with high gross domestic product levels and high urban population ratios, and health care costs have been declining over the years.

Objective:To analyze the mycoplasma and ureaplasma infection and drug sensitivity analysis on sperm cryopreservation patients in Sichuan area, in order to provide reference for clinical rational use of the drug.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2013 to March 2020, 850 patients who came to human sperm bank of West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University for sperm cryopreservation participated in this study. Sensitivity analysis of the mycoplasma and ureaplasma were performed. All the patients were classified into 5 groups to compare the mycoplasma and ureaplasma statues according to the age: 13-20 years old, 21-30 years old, 31-40 years old, 41-50 years old, >50 years old; according to the marital status of the patients, the patients were divided into married and unmarried to compare the mycoplasma and ureaplasma infection.Results:1) There were 167 cases of the mycoplasma and ureaplasma infection in sperm cryopreservation patients, the positive rate was 19.65%. The positive rate of mycoplasma and ureaplasma infection in all age groups had a significant difference ( P<0.001), among which the group of >50 years old had the highest positive rate [35.29% (6/17)], followed by 31-40 years old group [26.23% (80/307)], and the 13-20 years old group had the lowest positive rate of mycoplasma and ureaplasma infection [2.86% (2/70)]. The mycoplasma and ureaplasma infection rate of married people [23.51% (91/387)] was significantly higher than that of unmarried people [16.41% (76/463)] ( P=0.009). 2) The antimicrobial susceptibility test (AST) in 167 mycoplasma and ureaplasma-positive patients showed that the most sensitive drugs for mycoplasma and ureaplasma were josamycin, followed by roxithromycin, azithromycin, doxycycline and clarithromycin; the most resistance drugs for mycoplasma and ureaplasma were ciprofloxacin, followed by sparfloxacin, levofloxacin and oxygen ofloxacin. AST showed that the most resistance drugs for mycoplasma and ureaplasma were quinolone antimicrobials, and there was significant differences in the resistance of quinolone antimicrobials in different years ( P=0.001). Conclusion:The mycoplasma and ureaplasma infection rate of sperm cryopreservation patient was at a high level, married patients and reproductive-age patients had a higher rate of mycoplasma and ureaplasma infection. It is recommended that patients with positive mycoplasma and ureaplasma infection should be treated before self-sperm preservation, and the semen should be frozen after mycoplasma and ureaplasma infection become negative. During clinical treatment, antibiotics should be selected according to drug sensitivity experiments to avoid drug resistance.

Objective:To analyze the mycoplasma and ureaplasma infection and drug sensitivity analysis on sperm cryopreservation patients in Sichuan area, in order to provide reference for clinical rational use of the drug.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2013 to March 2020, 850 patients who came to human sperm bank of West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University for sperm cryopreservation participated in this study. Sensitivity analysis of the mycoplasma and ureaplasma were performed. All the patients were classified into 5 groups to compare the mycoplasma and ureaplasma statues according to the age: 13-20 years old, 21-30 years old, 31-40 years old, 41-50 years old, >50 years old; according to the marital status of the patients, the patients were divided into married and unmarried to compare the mycoplasma and ureaplasma infection.Results:1) There were 167 cases of the mycoplasma and ureaplasma infection in sperm cryopreservation patients, the positive rate was 19.65%. The positive rate of mycoplasma and ureaplasma infection in all age groups had a significant difference ( P<0.001), among which the group of >50 years old had the highest positive rate [35.29% (6/17)], followed by 31-40 years old group [26.23% (80/307)], and the 13-20 years old group had the lowest positive rate of mycoplasma and ureaplasma infection [2.86% (2/70)]. The mycoplasma and ureaplasma infection rate of married people [23.51% (91/387)] was significantly higher than that of unmarried people [16.41% (76/463)] ( P=0.009). 2) The antimicrobial susceptibility test (AST) in 167 mycoplasma and ureaplasma-positive patients showed that the most sensitive drugs for mycoplasma and ureaplasma were josamycin, followed by roxithromycin, azithromycin, doxycycline and clarithromycin; the most resistance drugs for mycoplasma and ureaplasma were ciprofloxacin, followed by sparfloxacin, levofloxacin and oxygen ofloxacin. AST showed that the most resistance drugs for mycoplasma and ureaplasma were quinolone antimicrobials, and there was significant differences in the resistance of quinolone antimicrobials in different years ( P=0.001). Conclusion:The mycoplasma and ureaplasma infection rate of sperm cryopreservation patient was at a high level, married patients and reproductive-age patients had a higher rate of mycoplasma and ureaplasma infection. It is recommended that patients with positive mycoplasma and ureaplasma infection should be treated before self-sperm preservation, and the semen should be frozen after mycoplasma and ureaplasma infection become negative. During clinical treatment, antibiotics should be selected according to drug sensitivity experiments to avoid drug resistance.

Objective To investigate the predictive value of serum lipoprotein (a) (Lp [a]) levels for short-term functional outcomes in elderly patients with acute ischemic stroke and type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods Elderly patients with acute ischemic stroke and type 2 diabetes mellitus admitted to Nanjing First Hospital from June 2016 to December 2016 were enrolled retrospectively.The modified Rankin scale was used to assess the outcomes at 90 d after onset;0-2 was defined as good outcome and ＞2 were defined as poor outcome.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine independent risk factors for poor outcomes,and the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to evaluate the predictive value of serum Lp(a) levels for poor outcomes.Results A total of 231 patients were enrolled,with an average age of 69.7 years and males accounting for 65.4％.The median serum Lp(a) was 166 mg/L (interquartile range 78-331 mg/L).At 90 d after onset,140 patients (60.6％) had good outcomes and 91 (39.4％) had poor outcomes.After adjustment for other confounding variables,multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that elevated serum Lp(a) (referenced to the lowest quartile,the 3rd quartile:odds ratio[OR]2.899,95％ confidence interval[CI] 1.154-7.285,P =0.024;the 4th quartile:OR 3.334,95％ CI 1.329-8.361,P =0.010),the baseline National Institute of Health Stroke Scale score (OR 1.224,95％ CI 1.143-1.310;P＜ 0.001),and complicated with coronary heart disease (OR 2.504,95％ CI 1.196-5.243;P =0.015) were the independent risk factors for poor outcomes.ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve of serum Lp(a) level in predicting the poor outcome was 0.775 (95％ CI 0.696-0.854;P=0.04).The optimal cut-off value was 119 mg/L,the sensitivity was 71.15％,the specificity was 75.90％,the positive predictive value was 38.52％,and the negative predictive value was 61.48％.Conclusion Serum Lp(a) level has certain predictive value for the short-term poor outcomes in elderly patients with acute ischemic stroke and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Objective: To investigate the correlations of serum uric acid with outcomes and symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) after intravascular mechanical thrombectomy bridged with intravenous thrombolysis in patients with ischemic stroke. Methods: From January 2015 to January 2019, patients with acute ischemic stroke admitted to Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University and underwent intravascular mechanical thrombectomy bridged with intravenous thrombolysis were analyzed retrospectively. Demographic characteristics, vascular risk factors, laboratory findings, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores, onset to treatment time, and whether sICH occurred were recorded. The modified Rankin Scale was used to evaluate the outcomes at 90 d after onset, and 0 to 2 was defined as good outcome. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to determine the independent factors for outcomes and sICH. Results: A total of 144 patients were included, 54 (37.5%) had a good outcome, 90 (62.5%) had a poor outcome (including 28 deaths), and 29 (20.1%) had sICH. Serum uric acid was significantly higher in the good outcome group than in the poor outcome group (P<0.05). Serum uric acid was significantly higher in the non-sICH group than in the sICH group (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that higher serum uric acid were the independent protective factors of good outcome (odds ratio 0.82, 95% confidence interval 0.66-0.93; P<0.001) and sICH (odds ratio 0.97, 95% confidence interval 0.93-0.99; P=0.004). Conclusion High serum uric acid level is independently associated with good outcome after intravascular mechanical thrombectomybridged with intravenous thrombolysis in patients with acute ischemic stroke.

Objective To observe the immune effect of PD-1 (programmed death-1) antibody in the treatment of patients with advanced cancer .Methods From October 2015 to March 2016 ,18 patients with advanced tumor were selected to receive the PD-1 antibody treatment in Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgical Hospital .Clinical efficacy ,adverse reactions and progression free survival time were monitored .The quality of life were compared before and after the treatment .Results Among 18 cases , PR 5 cases ,SD 7 cases and PD 6 cases .The KPS scores for quality of life was significantly increased (P<0 .05) after treat-ment .At the end of follow-up ,5 patients died ,2 patients were lost in follow-up ,11 patients survived .The median progression free survival was 2 .6 months (95% CI:1 .8-3 .3 months) .No serious adverse reactions and abnormal laboratory results were reported .Conclusion PD-1 antibody is a safe and effective treatment for advanced tumors .It is well tolerated and has less ad-verse reactions .The randomized control studies with larger samples are needed to further confirm our conclusions .

Objective To discuss dendritic cell-cytokine-induced killer (DC-CIK ) cell therapy effects and clinical out-comes in patients with colorectal cancer in order to have better clinical treatment .Methods A retrospective analysis of the data of 66 patients with colorectal cancer from the Biological Therapy Department of the Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital was performed from January 2012 to January 2014 ,and then was followed up .Taking gender ,age ,degree of pathological differen-tiation ,TNM staging ,surgical methods ,and targeted therapy as the research basis ,by the Kaplan-Meier single factor and Cox multiple factors analysis we mainly discuss the DC-CIK cell treatment′s effect on the prognoses of patients .Results Kaplan-Meier single factor analysis results indicate :to a certain extent ,DC-CIK cell therapy can improve the prognoses of patients ;Cox multi-factor analysis results indicate whether accepting DC-CIK cell therapy is an independent factor influencing the prog-noses of patients .Conclusion DC-CIK cells therapy can improve the prognoses of patients with colorectal cancer .