Objective To develop a reasonable plan of monitoring personal internal exposure dose. Methods This paper introduced the methods of monitoring the individual dose and direct measurement of three representative radionuclides. Results The maximum monitoring periods were determined according to the radionuclide retention characteristics and the reporting standards and requirements, which were m(1)/m(T/2) ≤ 3 and m(T/2)/m(T) ≤ 3. The lower detection limit of the instrument was derived from the monitoring periods and the annual radionuclide intake limit, which should be lower than the derived method detection limit of the corresponding radionuclide. Then the measuring duration of the instrument that meets the corresponding conditions was derived from the derived method detection limit of the instrument and the maximum monitoring period. Conclusion Our results provide a reference for the formulation of a plan of monitoring personal internal exposure dose.

Promoter is an important genetic tool for fine-tuning of gene expression and has been widely used for metabolic engineering. Corynebacterium glutamicum is an important chassis for industrial biotechnology. However, promoter libraries that are applicable to C. glutamicum have been rarely reported, except for a few developed based on synthetic sequences containing random mutations. In this study, we constructed a promoter library based on the native promoter of odhA gene by mutating the -10 region and the bystanders. Using a red fluorescent protein (RFP) as the reporter, 57 promoter mutants were screened by fluorescence imaging technology in a high-throughput manner. These mutants spanned a strength range between 2.4-fold and 19.6-fold improvements of the wild-type promoter. The strongest mutant exhibited a 2.3-fold higher strength than the widely used strong inducible promoter P_trc. Sequencing of all 57 mutants revealed that 55 mutants share a 1-4 bases shift (4 bases shift for 68% mutants) of the conserved -10 motif "TANNNT" to the 3' end of the promoter, compared to the wild-type promoter. Conserved T or G bases at different positions were observed for strong, moderate, and weak promoter mutants. Finally, five promoter mutants with different strength were employed to fine-tune the expression of γ-glutamyl kinase (ProB) for L-proline biosynthesis. Increased promoter strength led to enhanced L-proline production and the highest L-proline titer of 6.4 g/L was obtained when a promoter mutant with a 9.8-fold higher strength compared to the wild-type promoter was used for ProB expression. The use of stronger promoter variants did not further improve L-proline production. In conclusion, a promoter library was constructed based on a native C. glutamicum promoter P_odhA. The new promoter library should be useful for systems metabolic engineering of C. glutamicum. The strategy of mutating native promoter may also guide the construction of promoter libraries for other microorganisms.
Corynebacterium glutamicum/metabolism* ; Gene Library ; Metabolic Engineering ; Promoter Regions, Genetic/genetics*

Objective To summarize the clinical characteristics of SLE patients complicated with Listeria monocytogenes meningitis (LMM).Methods The clinical manifestations,systemic involvements,laboratory tests,cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examinations,treatment and prognosis of SLE inpatients combined with LMM in Peking Union Medical College Hospital during Janurary 2000 to December 2015 were retrospectively analyzed.Results Eight SLE patients with LMM accounted for 0.14％ of the 5 675 hospitalized SLE patients.Seven were female and 1 was male,with the mean age of (35±16) year.Headache (7/8) was the most common neurological symptom followed by positive meningeal irritation sign (5/8),unconsciousness (3/8) and nausea or vomiting (2/8).Increased intracranial pressure was found in 7 cases and 4 of them were even higher than 330 mmH2O.CSF protein elevated in 6 cases and CSF glucose decreased in 6 cases.LMM often occurred in inactive or mild active SLE with the average SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI) score of 4.7±1.5.Systemic manifestations included hematologic changes (6/8),rashes (4/8),renal involvement (4/8) and arthritis (3/8),etc.Treated by autibiotics such as penicillin and medications for SLE,7 patients achieved clinical improvements,1 patient died.Conclusion LMM is one of the opportunistic infections in SLE patients and tends to occur in inactive lupus cases.There are unspecific clinical and laboratory features and CSF changes which maybe overlap and mix up with systemic manifestations of SLE.That's why it is necessary to take continuous cultures of CSF.Early identification and appropriate treatment lead to prognostic improvement of these patients.

OBJECTIVETo assess the association between I405V and D442G polymorphisms of the CETP gene with cerebral hemorrhage (CH) and a related lipid profile among ethnic Han Chinese from Changsha.

METHODSA case-control study was carried out, which enrolled 170 cerebral hemorrhage patients and 191 ethnicity-, age- and sex-matched health controls. Polymerase chain reaction-restricted fragments length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was used to determine the polymorphisms. Lipid profile was determined by means of oxidase method. Statistic analyses were performed with SPSS 16.0.

RESULTSNo significant difference was found in the CETP gene I405V and D442G genotypes and allelic distribution between the CH patients and controls (P>0.05). There was no association between CETP gene I405V polymorphism and lipid profile in both groups (P>0.05). CH patients with DG genotype of the D442G polymorphism had higher TC and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels than those with a DD genotype(P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONCETP gene I405V polymorphism may not be associated with CH among ethnic Han Chinese from Changsha, while the D442G polymorphism of the CETP gene may be associated with TC and LDL levels in the same population.

Adult ; Aged ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; ethnology ; genetics ; Base Sequence ; Case-Control Studies ; Cerebral Hemorrhage ; blood ; ethnology ; genetics ; China ; ethnology ; Cholesterol Ester Transfer Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Cholesterol, HDL ; blood ; Female ; Humans ; Lipids ; blood ; chemistry ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation, Missense ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide

Objective To compare the short-term therapeutic effect, adverse reaction and influence on immune function between chrono-chemotherapy and routine-chemotherapy with docetaxel +cisplatin(DP)combined with concurrent chemoradiotherapy with cisplatin(DDP)in locally advanced(Ⅲ,Ⅳa stage)nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC).Methods 70 cases of newly diagnosed locally advanced NPC were randomly divided into group A and group B,35 cases in each group.Two groups of patients were treated with two cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy with DP combined with concurrent chemoradiotherapy with DDP.Both nereoadjuvant chemotherapy and concurrent chemotherapy of patients in group A were administrated with chrono-chemotherapy.Both nereoadjuvant chemotherapy and concurrent chemotherapy of patients in group B were administrated with routine-chemotherapy.Therapeutic effect,adverse reactions and other indicators were observed in both groups.Results After 3 months,there was no sifnificant difference of short term total efficacy between two groups in nasopharyngeal primary tumor(35 cases vs.34 cases),cervical lymph node(32 cases vs.31 cases).The incidence of adverse reactions of marrow toxicity(WBC,Hb,PLT)in group A was lower than group B(P<0.05),the incidence of digestive tract(nausea and vomiting,diarrhea)in group A was lower than group B(P<0.05),while there was no significant difference in oral mucositis between two groups(P<0.05).The high creatinine incidence in group A was lower than group B(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in high blood urea nitrogen and high transaminase incidences between two groups.After treatment, the T lymphocytes ( CD3 +, CD4 +, CD8 +, CD4 +/CD8 +) had no change in group A,the T lymphocytes(CD3 +,CD4 +)in group B decreased significantly compared with pre-treatment(P<0.05),and were lower than group A(P<0.05).Conclusion Adverse reactions and the degree of decline in cellular immune function of chrono-chemotherapy are lower than routine-chemotherapy in locally advanced NPC.

ObjectiveTo explore application effect of predictive nursing in children severe craniocerebral injury combined with pulmonary contusion.Methods 60 children severe craniocere-bral injury combined with pulmonary contusion were divided into observation group and control group.The control group was received routine nursing while the observation group was given pre-dictive nursing.Nursing effect was compared between the two groups.Results The blood oxygen saturation in the observation group was higher than that in the control group,the infection time was longer than that in the control group,the infection rate and mortality rate was lower than that in control group,Karnofsky scores after intervention was higher than that in the control group,the hospitalization time was shorter than that in the control group,the results revealed that the differ-ence was statistical significant (P <0.05).The difference was statistical significant since nursing satisfaction in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (P <0.05).Con-clusion Preventive nursing could reduce infection in children severe craniocerebral injury combined with pulmonary contusion and improve the prognosis.

ObjectiveTo explore application effect of predictive nursing in children severe craniocerebral injury combined with pulmonary contusion.Methods 60 children severe craniocere-bral injury combined with pulmonary contusion were divided into observation group and control group.The control group was received routine nursing while the observation group was given pre-dictive nursing.Nursing effect was compared between the two groups.Results The blood oxygen saturation in the observation group was higher than that in the control group,the infection time was longer than that in the control group,the infection rate and mortality rate was lower than that in control group,Karnofsky scores after intervention was higher than that in the control group,the hospitalization time was shorter than that in the control group,the results revealed that the differ-ence was statistical significant (P <0.05).The difference was statistical significant since nursing satisfaction in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (P <0.05).Con-clusion Preventive nursing could reduce infection in children severe craniocerebral injury combined with pulmonary contusion and improve the prognosis.