Cross-border teaching provides new opportunities for college students to gain diverse insights amid the globalization and internationalized education, In July 2024, guided by the Chinese Association for Science and Technology, the Chinese Nutrition Society and the Hong Kong Nutrition Association collaborated to host a three-week clinical nutrition internship at Peking Union Medical College Hospital for five college students from Hong Kong SAR, China. This program included participating in outpatient rounds, attending in inpatient nutrition management, and attending lectures, aiming to enhance students' professional skills and clinical experience. Cultural exchange and value-based education also enriched students' social responsibility and cultural understanding. The Hong Kong students also brought diverse cultural backgrounds and inputs, enabling multidimensional communication during the training. Post-internship feedback survey showed that the students found the inernship valuable for their career development and hoped for more learning opportunities. This cross-border high-quality internship program fostered skill enhancement, cultural exchange between young students in Beijing and Hong Kong and contributed to advancement of clinical nutrition.

Objective:To explore the effect of S-allylmercaptocysteine(SAMC)on gastric cancer(GC)progression by regulating Th17/Treg immune balance.Methods:One hundred nude mice were randomly divided into control group(NC),low-dose SAMC group(SAMC-L),medium dose SAMC group(SAMC-M)and high-dose SAMC group(SAMC-H),with 25 mice in each group.Transplanted tumor model was established by subcutaneous injection of SGC-7901 cell suspension(0.2 ml,2×107 cells/ml)into the right shoulder of nude mice.Each group of nude mice was injected with corresponding doses of 0.9%sodium chloride solution and SAMC solution(100 mg/kg,200 mg/kg,400 mg/kg);injected once every 2 days and continuously administer for 3 weeks.After treatment,volume and mass of transplanted tumor were measured.Flow cytometry was used to detect proportion of Th17 and Treg cells in peripheral blood and transplanted tumors of nude mice;ELISA was used to detect IL-6,IL-10,IL-17,TGF-β1 levels in peripheral blood of nude mice;RT-qPCR was used to detect related markers mRNA levels of Th17 and Treg cells in peripheral blood and transplanted tumors of nude mice;Western blot was used to detect related markers protein levels of Th17 and Treg cells in transplanted tumors.Results:Compared with NC group,tumor volume and mass in SAMC-L group,SAMC-M group and SAMC-H group were decreased;Th17,Treg and Th17/Treg proportion in peripheral blood and transplanted tumors were decreased;IL-6,IL-10,IL-17 and TGF-β1 levels in peripheral blood were decreased;Foxp3,CTLA-4,GITR,RORγt,IL-17A mRNA and protein levels in peripheral blood and transplanted tumor were decreased,and there were significant differences in the above effects between different doses of SAMC groups(P<0.05).Conclusion:SAMC may inhibit GC progression by regulating Th17/Treg immune balance.

Cross-border teaching provides new opportunities for college students to gain diverse insights amid the globalization and internationalized education, In July 2024, guided by the Chinese Association for Science and Technology, the Chinese Nutrition Society and the Hong Kong Nutrition Association collaborated to host a three-week clinical nutrition internship at Peking Union Medical College Hospital for five college students from Hong Kong SAR, China. This program included participating in outpatient rounds, attending in inpatient nutrition management, and attending lectures, aiming to enhance students' professional skills and clinical experience. Cultural exchange and value-based education also enriched students' social responsibility and cultural understanding. The Hong Kong students also brought diverse cultural backgrounds and inputs, enabling multidimensional communication during the training. Post-internship feedback survey showed that the students found the inernship valuable for their career development and hoped for more learning opportunities. This cross-border high-quality internship program fostered skill enhancement, cultural exchange between young students in Beijing and Hong Kong and contributed to advancement of clinical nutrition.

Objective:To explore the effect of S-allylmercaptocysteine(SAMC)on gastric cancer(GC)progression by regulating Th17/Treg immune balance.Methods:One hundred nude mice were randomly divided into control group(NC),low-dose SAMC group(SAMC-L),medium dose SAMC group(SAMC-M)and high-dose SAMC group(SAMC-H),with 25 mice in each group.Transplanted tumor model was established by subcutaneous injection of SGC-7901 cell suspension(0.2 ml,2×107 cells/ml)into the right shoulder of nude mice.Each group of nude mice was injected with corresponding doses of 0.9%sodium chloride solution and SAMC solution(100 mg/kg,200 mg/kg,400 mg/kg);injected once every 2 days and continuously administer for 3 weeks.After treatment,volume and mass of transplanted tumor were measured.Flow cytometry was used to detect proportion of Th17 and Treg cells in peripheral blood and transplanted tumors of nude mice;ELISA was used to detect IL-6,IL-10,IL-17,TGF-β1 levels in peripheral blood of nude mice;RT-qPCR was used to detect related markers mRNA levels of Th17 and Treg cells in peripheral blood and transplanted tumors of nude mice;Western blot was used to detect related markers protein levels of Th17 and Treg cells in transplanted tumors.Results:Compared with NC group,tumor volume and mass in SAMC-L group,SAMC-M group and SAMC-H group were decreased;Th17,Treg and Th17/Treg proportion in peripheral blood and transplanted tumors were decreased;IL-6,IL-10,IL-17 and TGF-β1 levels in peripheral blood were decreased;Foxp3,CTLA-4,GITR,RORγt,IL-17A mRNA and protein levels in peripheral blood and transplanted tumor were decreased,and there were significant differences in the above effects between different doses of SAMC groups(P<0.05).Conclusion:SAMC may inhibit GC progression by regulating Th17/Treg immune balance.

Objective:To conduct a comparative analysis of the radiation damage to zebrafish embryos and the associated biological mechanism after ultra-high dose rate (FLASH) and conventional dose rate irradiation.Methods:Zebrafish embryos at 4 h post-fertilization were exposed to conventional and FLASH irradiation (9 MeV electron beam). The mortality and hatchability of zebrafish after radiation exposure were recorded. Larvae at 96 h post-irradiation underwent morphological scoring, testing of reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and analysis of changes in oxidative stress indicators.Results:Electron beam irradiation at doses of 2-12 Gy exerted subtle effects on the mortality and hatchability of zebrafish embryos. However, single high-dose irradiation (≥ 6 Gy) could lead to developmental malformation of larvae, with conventional irradiation showing the most significant effects ( t = 0.87-9.75, P < 0.05). In contrast, after FLASH irradiation (≥ 6 Gy), the ROS levels in zebrafish and its oxidative stress indicators including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were significantly reduced ( t = 0.42-15.19, P < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in ROS levels in incubating solutions after conventional and FLASH irradiation ( P > 0.05). Conclusions:Compared to conventional irradiation, FLASH irradiation can reduce radiation damage to zebrafish embryos, and this is in a dose-dependent manner. The two irradiation modes lead to different oxidative stress levels in zebrafish, which might be a significant factor in the reduction of radiation damage with FLASH irradiation.

Objective To analyze the clinical features of microscopic polyangiitis(MPA)-associated interstitial lung disease(ILD)patients infected with coronavirus disease-2019(COVID-19),and investigate the protective effect of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine.Methods Patients with MPA-ILD in the General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University were included,and patients also met the diagnostic criteria for COVID-19 in accordance with the COVID-19′s diagnosis and treatment plan(10th Edition).All of patients had positive evidence of coronavirus antigens or positive nucleic acid tests.Clinical data of patients,ILD imaging typing,COVID-19 vaccination,clinical typing and prognostic results were collected and analyzed.Results Thirty-seven patients with MPA-ILD were included,including 14 females and 23 males.Thirty-two patients with MPA were in remission at the time of infection with COVID-19,and 31 were maintained on concurrent immunosuppressive/biologic therapy.The original imaging type of MPA-ILD was predominantly usual interstitial pneumonia(UIP,15 cases)and nonspecific interstitial pneumonia(NSIP,14 cases).The typing of the remaining 8 cases was inconclusive.Of the COVID-19 subtypes,27 patients were mild infection,and 5 dead due to COVID-19.Eleven patients were unvaccinated,and 26 received inactivated vaccine.Among them,11 completed 3-dose of booster immunization.The proportion of patients with mild COVID-19 was significantly higher in MPA-ILD patients with vaccinated patient group than that in the unvaccinated patient group(P=0.038).Multifactorial analysis showed that vaccines were an independent protective factor for MPA-ILD patients with COVID-19 infection(OR=0.045,95%CI:0.004-0.472,P=0.010)and non-mild infection(OR=0.049,95%CI:0.005-0.517,P=0.012).Moreover,MPA in remission was a protective factor for COVID-19 non-mild infections(OR=0.021,95%CI:0.001-0.459,P=0.014).Conclusion Vaccination and MPA in remission may reduce the severity of COVID-19 infection in patients with MPA.

Objective To investigate the expression of serum soluble myeloid cell trigger receptor 1(sTREM-1), interleukin-21(IL-21), 25 (OH) vitamin D[25(OH)D]in children with inflammatory bowel disease and their relations. Methods A total of 107 children with inflammatory bowel disease were selected as research objects and included in observation group. At the same time, 53 healthy people were selected as control group. The patients in the observation group were divided into active stage group (n=54) and remission stage group (n=53) according to disease activity. The expression of sTREM-1, IL-21, 25(OH)D were compared between the observation group and the control group and between active stage group and remission stage group. Kendall's tau-b method was used to analyze the correlations of sTREM-1, IL-21 and 25(OH)D with inflammatory bowel disease activity. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve model was used to analyze the area under the curve (AUC) value, sensitivity and specificity of sTREM-1, IL-21 and 25(OH)D in the diagnosis and prediction of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Results The serum levels of sTREM-1 and IL-21 in the observation group were higher than those in the control group, but level was lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). The serum levels of sTREM-1 and IL-21 levels in the active stage group were higher than those in the remission stage group, but 25(OH)D level was lower than that in the remission stage group (P < 0.05). Kendall′s tau-b correlation analysis showed that sTREM-1 and IL-21 were positively correlated with inflammatory bowel disease activity (r=0.460, 0.484; P < 0.05). 25(OH)D was negatively correlated with inflammatory bowel disease activity (r=-0.434, P < 0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that the AUC values of sTREM-1, IL-21, 25(OH)Dand their combination in the diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease were 0.791, 0.852, 0.808, 0.862, respectively(P < 0.05), and the sensitivities were 74.80%, 81.30%, 75.50% and 81.30%, respectively. The specificities were 75.50%, 75.50%, 81.30% and 79.20%, respectively. The AUC values of sTREM-1, IL-21, 25(OH)D and their combination in predicting the active phase of inflammatory bowel disease were 0.821, 0.840, 0.799, 0.840, respectively (P < 0.05), the sensitivities were 79.60%, 75.90%, 77.40% and 87.00%, respectively, and the specificities were 79.20%, 75.50%, 83.30% and 79.20%, respectively. Conclusion Serum levels of sTREM-1, IL-21, 25(OH)D are closely related to the occurrence and development of inflammatory bowel disease. Dynamic monitoring of their levels is helpful to provide an important reference for clinical diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease and evaluation of disease progression in children.

Objective:To analyze the clinical and genetic characteristics of a family of cerebral autosomal recessive arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CARASIL) caused by a new locus of HTRA1 mutation. Methods:The medical history and clinical data of a patient with CARASIL were collected, and genetic test was performed on some family members to observe the HTRA1 mutation. Results:The proband presented with cognitive impairment, suspicious lumbar lesions, and alopecia. Cranial imaging revealed extensive blank brain lesions and multiple microbleeding foci. The mother of the proband had psychiatric symptoms and stroke once, and the sixth younger sister had history of dementia and hypertension. Genetic test revealed that the proband and his two sons carried HTRA1 heterogenic mutation c.888C>G (p.I296M), and the two sons had alopecia. Conclusion:The c.888C>G(p.I296M) may be a new pathogenic mutation site of CARASIL.

Objective To investigate the mechanism by which Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NADH)regu-lates anti-tuberculosis drug-induced liver injury and apoptosis in mice through SIRT1/Nrf2 pathway.Methods Twenty-four six-week-old SPF male mice were randomly divided into four groups according to body weight,ADLI group[90 mg/(kg·d)Isoniazid,135 mg/(kg·d)Rifampicin,315 mg/(kg·d)Pyrazinamide were given by gavage],control group[thesame volume of saline was given by gavage as antituberculosis drug-induced liver injury(ADLI)group],NADH group(30 mg/kg NADH wasgiven by gavage on the basis of control group)and NADH intervention group(30 mg/kg NADH wasgiven by gavage on the basis of ADLI group),with sixmice in each group.They were gavaged continuously for seven days,and their seruand liver tissues were collected.The mRNA and protein expression of silence information regulator 1(SIRT1),nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2)in SIRT1/Nrf2 pathway,apoptosis indicators B-cell lymphoma-2(Bcl-2),Bcl-2-associated X protein(Bax)and caspase-3 were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blot,respectively.HE staining was performed to observe the morphology of liver tissue.The liver was weighedandthe liver index was obtained by dividingweight by body weight.The levels of glutamate aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST)and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),which are indicators of liver injury,were detected by microplate method.Results Compared with control group,the protein and mRNA expression of SIRT1,Nrf2decreased significantly in ADLI group.Liver tissue struc-ture wasdisturbed,hepatocytes were obviously swollen,and their boundary was unclear.The weight of mice de-creased,but liver index increased.The mRNA and protein expression level of anti-apoptotic factor Bcl-2 decreased,while that of Bax and caspase-3 was raised.The level of ALT,AST and LDH were also elevated.The differences a-bove were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Compared with ADLI group,the protein and mRNA expression of SIRT1,Nrf2 were higher after NADH intervention.Liver tissue structure became clear,and hepatocytes were po-lygonal.The protein and mRNA expression of anti-apoptosis factor Bcl-2 was elevated and while that of Bax and caspase-3 was lower.The weight of mice increased and liver index decreased.The expression of ALT,AST and LDH decreased.The differences above were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion NADH may allevi-ate anti-tuberculosis drug-induced liver injury and apoptosis in mice by regulating SIRT1/Nrf2 pathway.

Accurate and rapid diagnosis of infectious diseases can effectively prevent their spread and promptly curb the epidemic hazards. Multiplexed point-of-care testing (x-POCT) technology can effectively avoid misdiagnosis caused by the detection of one single target and achieve rapid screening and timely control of multiple infectious diseases. Research progress and the latest applications of x-POCT including x-POCT assay methods for different targets in the diagnosis of infectious diseases and their pathogens are summarized in this review. The paper-based, microfluidic chip-based, and microdroplet-based device platforms of x-POCT, and eventually the challenges and future perspectives of x-POCT, especially progress on the effective infectious disease surveillance network establishment under One Health concept are highlighted.