Cross-border teaching provides new opportunities for college students to gain diverse insights amid the globalization and internationalized education, In July 2024, guided by the Chinese Association for Science and Technology, the Chinese Nutrition Society and the Hong Kong Nutrition Association collaborated to host a three-week clinical nutrition internship at Peking Union Medical College Hospital for five college students from Hong Kong SAR, China. This program included participating in outpatient rounds, attending in inpatient nutrition management, and attending lectures, aiming to enhance students' professional skills and clinical experience. Cultural exchange and value-based education also enriched students' social responsibility and cultural understanding. The Hong Kong students also brought diverse cultural backgrounds and inputs, enabling multidimensional communication during the training. Post-internship feedback survey showed that the students found the inernship valuable for their career development and hoped for more learning opportunities. This cross-border high-quality internship program fostered skill enhancement, cultural exchange between young students in Beijing and Hong Kong and contributed to advancement of clinical nutrition.

Cross-border teaching provides new opportunities for college students to gain diverse insights amid the globalization and internationalized education, In July 2024, guided by the Chinese Association for Science and Technology, the Chinese Nutrition Society and the Hong Kong Nutrition Association collaborated to host a three-week clinical nutrition internship at Peking Union Medical College Hospital for five college students from Hong Kong SAR, China. This program included participating in outpatient rounds, attending in inpatient nutrition management, and attending lectures, aiming to enhance students' professional skills and clinical experience. Cultural exchange and value-based education also enriched students' social responsibility and cultural understanding. The Hong Kong students also brought diverse cultural backgrounds and inputs, enabling multidimensional communication during the training. Post-internship feedback survey showed that the students found the inernship valuable for their career development and hoped for more learning opportunities. This cross-border high-quality internship program fostered skill enhancement, cultural exchange between young students in Beijing and Hong Kong and contributed to advancement of clinical nutrition.

Objective To investigate the expression of serum soluble myeloid cell trigger receptor 1(sTREM-1), interleukin-21(IL-21), 25 (OH) vitamin D[25(OH)D]in children with inflammatory bowel disease and their relations. Methods A total of 107 children with inflammatory bowel disease were selected as research objects and included in observation group. At the same time, 53 healthy people were selected as control group. The patients in the observation group were divided into active stage group (n=54) and remission stage group (n=53) according to disease activity. The expression of sTREM-1, IL-21, 25(OH)D were compared between the observation group and the control group and between active stage group and remission stage group. Kendall's tau-b method was used to analyze the correlations of sTREM-1, IL-21 and 25(OH)D with inflammatory bowel disease activity. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve model was used to analyze the area under the curve (AUC) value, sensitivity and specificity of sTREM-1, IL-21 and 25(OH)D in the diagnosis and prediction of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Results The serum levels of sTREM-1 and IL-21 in the observation group were higher than those in the control group, but level was lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). The serum levels of sTREM-1 and IL-21 levels in the active stage group were higher than those in the remission stage group, but 25(OH)D level was lower than that in the remission stage group (P < 0.05). Kendall′s tau-b correlation analysis showed that sTREM-1 and IL-21 were positively correlated with inflammatory bowel disease activity (r=0.460, 0.484; P < 0.05). 25(OH)D was negatively correlated with inflammatory bowel disease activity (r=-0.434, P < 0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that the AUC values of sTREM-1, IL-21, 25(OH)Dand their combination in the diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease were 0.791, 0.852, 0.808, 0.862, respectively(P < 0.05), and the sensitivities were 74.80%, 81.30%, 75.50% and 81.30%, respectively. The specificities were 75.50%, 75.50%, 81.30% and 79.20%, respectively. The AUC values of sTREM-1, IL-21, 25(OH)D and their combination in predicting the active phase of inflammatory bowel disease were 0.821, 0.840, 0.799, 0.840, respectively (P < 0.05), the sensitivities were 79.60%, 75.90%, 77.40% and 87.00%, respectively, and the specificities were 79.20%, 75.50%, 83.30% and 79.20%, respectively. Conclusion Serum levels of sTREM-1, IL-21, 25(OH)D are closely related to the occurrence and development of inflammatory bowel disease. Dynamic monitoring of their levels is helpful to provide an important reference for clinical diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease and evaluation of disease progression in children.

Objective:To explore the effect of self-esteem and sibling relationships on the links of parental cohesion and internalizing problems in junior high school students based on the family system theory.Methods:A total of 565 junior high school students were investigated with the sibling relationship questionnaire, parent-child cohesion questionnaire, self-esteem scale and internalizing problems questionnaire from April to June 2021.SPSS 26.0 was used for descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation analysis.PROCESS was used to examine the mediating and moderating effect.Results:Maternal-child cohesion was positively correlated with self-esteem and sibling warmth ( r=0.36, 0.58, both P<0.01), while it was negatively correlated with internalizing problems and sibling conflict ( r=-0.29, -0.25, both P<0.01). Similarly, paternal-child cohesion was positively correlated with self-esteem and sibling warmth ( r=0.37, 0.51, both P<0.01), and it was negatively correlated with internalizing problems and sibling conflict ( r=-0.36, -0.21, both P<0.01). The self-esteem played a partial mediating role between maternal-child cohesion and internalizing problems ( β=-0.09, 95% CI=-0.14--0.05), and the mediating value was 30.13%.The self-esteem also played a partial mediating role between paternal-child cohesion and internalizing problems ( β=-0.07, 95% CI=-0.11--0.04), and the mediating value was 25.36%.Sibling warmth could improve the positive effect of maternal-child cohesion on self-esteem ( β=0.06, 95% CI=0.01-0.11), while could offset the negative effects of low level of maternal-child cohesion against the internalizing problems ( β=0.10, 95% CI=0.04-0.16). But sibling conflict did not significantly predict the effects of maternal-child cohesion on self-esteem and internalizing problems.Similarly, sibling warmth could improve the positive effect of paternal-child cohesion on self-esteem ( β=0.05, 95% CI=0.01-0.09), while could offset the negative effects of low level of paternal-child cohesion against the internalizing problems ( β=0.09, 95% CI=0.03-0.15). But sibling conflict could reduce the positive impact of paternal-child cohesion and self-esteem ( β=-0.05, 95% CI=-0.09--0.01), while had no effect on the impact of paternal-child cohesion and internalizing problems. Conclusion:Parent-child cohesion not only directly affects the internalizing problems, but also indirectly affects the internalizing problems through the self-esteem.Positive parent-child cohesion and sibling warmth relationships can improve the individual's self-esteem level and reduce the internalizing problems.

Objective:To investigate the effect of miRNA (miR) -193b-5p on melanogenesis and its possible mechanisms.Methods:Human primary melanocytes were isolated from discarded normal foreskin tissues of healthy males after circumcision, and cultured in vitro. miR-NC mimics (miR-NC mimic group) and miR-193b-5p mimics (miR-193b-5p mimic group) were transfected into human primary melanocytes and human MNT1 melanoma cells, separately. After transfection, real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was performed to determine the overexpression efficiency of miR-193b-5p at 48 hours, Western blot analysis to determine the expression of melanogenesis-related proteins tyrosinase (TYR) and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) in human primary melanocytes and human MNT1 melanoma cells at 72 hours, and the melanin content in the above cells was determined by a sodium hydroxide solubilization method at 1 week. The target gene of miR-193b-5p was predicted by using Targetscan algorithms and verified by dual-luciferase reporter assay, and RT-qPCR and Western blot analysis were performed to analyze changes in mRNA and protein expression of the target gene respectively after the overexpression of miR-193b-5p. Two-independent-samples t test was used for comparisons between two groups. Results:In human primary melanocytes and human MNT1 melanoma cells, the miR-193b-5p expression levels were significantly higher in the miR-193b-5p mimic groups than in the miR-NC mimic groups ( t = 65.57, 22.49, respectively, both P < 0.001) , and the melanin content was significantly lower in the miR-193b-5p mimic groups (0.091 ± 0.007, 0.130 ± 0.004, respectively) than in the miR-NC mimic groups (0.117 ± 0.002, 0.188 ± 0.032, t = 5.98, 3.24, P < 0.01, < 0.05, respectively) . Western blot analysis showed that the expression of melanogenesis-related proteins TYR and MITF in both human primary melanocytes and human MNT1 melanoma cells was significantly lower in the miR-193b-5p mimic groups than in the miR-NC mimic groups (all P < 0.01) . TargetScan analysis and dual-luciferase reporter assay revealed a binding site for miR-193b-5p in the 3′ untranslated region of the transcriptional regulator CITED2. After up-regulation of miR-193b-5p expression in human primary melanocytes and human MNT1 melanoma cells, the CITED2 mRNA and protein expression levels significantly decreased compared with the miR-NC mimic groups (all P < 0.05) . Conclusion:miR-193b-5p overexpression can down-regulate the expression of melanogenesis-related proteins TYR and MITF, and then inhibit melanogenesis, which may be related to the targeted inhibition of CITED2 expression.

Objective:To investigate the effectiveness and safety of nasojejunal tube placement in children by gastroscopic drafting method.Methods:We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of children with nasojejunal tube placement from January 2016 to December 2021 in our hospital, and compared the operation time, successful rate and complications of nasojejunal tube placement in the gastroscopic wire drawing method retraction group(observation group)and the gastroscopic foreign body clamp placement method placement group(control group).Results:All of the 167 cases, 65 cases were in observation group and 102 cases in control group.There were no significant differences in sex and age between two groups( P>0.05). The operation time was(6.7±0.8)min in observation group and(8.2±1.3)min in control group, and the difference was statistically significant( t=8.312, P<0.001). The successful rate was 100% in observation group and 96% in control group.One child in control group complicated with the mucosal erosion and bleeding in the duodenal bulb, while the observation group with no erosion, bleeding, perforation, and other complications. Conclusion:The gastroscopic wire drawing method of nasojejunal tube placement has a shorter operation time, higher successful rates, and lower complication rates, which is significantly superior to the gastroscopic foreign body clamp placement method.

Objective To research and propose the proper calcium concentration for shipboard seawater reverse osmosis remineralization.Methods Comprehensive analyses were made on the calcium nutrient intake of adults,the effects of [Ca2+] level on the desalination corrosion index,the methods of shipboard seawater reverse osmosis remineralization and related remineralization criteria.Then,the range of proper calcium concentration of soft water remineralization was recommended for shipboard seawater reverse osmosis remineralization from different angels,which was verified by municipal drinking water quality survey results.Results Food was the main source of human calcium intake.[Ca2 +] concentration elevation could significantly reduce the corrosiveness of desalinated water,however,the contribution ratio for Langelier index (LSI) was debased when [Ca2+] reached 41 mg/L.Shipboard desalination remineralization was more preferable with direct added agential.At present,for the sake of health,the minimum quality criteria for [Ca2+] in soft water was 16 mg/L.Calcium chloride was commonly used for desalinated water remineralization,with the maximum permitted concentration being 36 mg/L.Conclusions In consideration of the shipboard environment and support capability comprehensively,the applicable calcium concentration of shipboard RO desalination remineralization was 16-36 mg/L,which was within the range of drinking water calcium concentration for 57％ of the cities of our countries.

Objective To research and propose the proper calcium concentration for shipboard seawater reverse osmosis remineralization.Methods Comprehensive analyses were made on the calcium nutrient intake of adults,the effects of [Ca2+] level on the desalination corrosion index,the methods of shipboard seawater reverse osmosis remineralization and related remineralization criteria.Then,the range of proper calcium concentration of soft water remineralization was recommended for shipboard seawater reverse osmosis remineralization from different angels,which was verified by municipal drinking water quality survey results.Results Food was the main source of human calcium intake.[Ca2 +] concentration elevation could significantly reduce the corrosiveness of desalinated water,however,the contribution ratio for Langelier index (LSI) was debased when [Ca2+] reached 41 mg/L.Shipboard desalination remineralization was more preferable with direct added agential.At present,for the sake of health,the minimum quality criteria for [Ca2+] in soft water was 16 mg/L.Calcium chloride was commonly used for desalinated water remineralization,with the maximum permitted concentration being 36 mg/L.Conclusions In consideration of the shipboard environment and support capability comprehensively,the applicable calcium concentration of shipboard RO desalination remineralization was 16-36 mg/L,which was within the range of drinking water calcium concentration for 57％ of the cities of our countries.

Objective To evaluate effects of a fusion protein LTβR-Fc, which can block the herpesvirus entry mediator ligand (LIGHT-HVEM)signaling pathway, on ovalbumin-induced dermatitis in a mouse model. Methods Thirty BALB/c mice were randomly and equally divided into 3 groups: blank control group treated with 100 μl of sodium chloride physiological solution, model group sensitized with 100 μl of sodium chloride physiological solution containing 100 μg ovalbumin, blocker group firstly blocked with 100 μl of sodium chloride physiological solution containing 100 μg LTβR-Fc followed by sensitization with 100 μl of sodium chloride physiological solution containing 100 μg ovalbumin at 24 hours after the blocking. Disease severity was evaluated by eczema area and severity index (EASI)score, and lesional size was measured on day 0, 4, 8, 12, 15, 20, 23, 27, 31 and 34 after the first sensitization. A total of three sessions of sensitization were carried out. At the end of treatment, all the mice were sacrificed after serum was obtained from their orbital cavities. Thereafter, tissue specimens were obtained from skin lesions, and single cell suspensions of the spleen were prepared. RT-PCR was performed to detect mRNA expressions of interferon γ (IFN-γ), interleukin 4 (IL-4)and IL-5 in murine lesions, ELISA to measure IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-5 levels in culture supernatants of murine splenocytes, as well as ovalbumin-specific and total IgE and IgG1 levels in murine sera. Results LTβR-Fc significantly suppressed inflammatory response in the mouse model of dermatitis induced by ovalbumin. Compared with the model group, the blocker group showed significantly decreased lesion area and EASI score (both P < 0.05). In addition, a significant decrease was observed in the mRNA expressions of IL-4 (0.88 ± 0.25 vs. 1.81 ± 0.25, P < 0.05), IL-5 (0.75 ± 0.15 vs. 1.24 ± 0.26, P < 0.05)and IFN-γ (0.62 ± 0.09 vs. 1.11 ± 0.19, P < 0.05)in murine lesions, and in supernatant levels of IL-4 (9.58 ± 1.44 ng/L vs. 20.12 ± 5.39 ng/L, P < 0.05), IL-5 (11.37 ± 2.02 ng/L vs. 22.77 ± 4.07 ng/L, P < 0.05)and IFN-γ (16 167 ± 950.40 ng/L vs. 23 930 ± 44.20 ng/L, P < 0.05)in the blocker group compared with the model group. The serum levels of both total IgE and ovalbumin-specific IgE were significantly lower in the blocker group than in the model group(total IgE: 27 466.67 ± 2 052.64 μg/L vs. 32 277 ± 407.53 μg/L, P < 0.05; ovalbumin-specific IgE: 1 296.33 ± 32.72 μg/L vs. 2 323.33 ± 502.43 μg/L, P < 0.05), so were those of total IgG1 (0.46 ± 0.11 μg/L vs. 0.84 ± 0.11 μg/L, P < 0.05)and ovalbumin-specific IgG1 (0.62 ± 0.11 μg/L vs. 0.86 ± 0.07 μg/L, P < 0.05). Conclusion The fusion protein LTβR-Fc can alleviate symptoms of ovalbumin-induced dermatitis in the mouse model likely by suppressing the LIGHT-HVEM signaling pathway, suggesting that this signaling pathway may serve as a target for the treatment of dermatitis(such as atopic dermatitis).

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of transplantation of autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and mononucleus cells (BMMNCs) for treating coronary heart disease. Methods Ten patients who had suffered from coronary heart disease with myocardial infarction, were selected. In 7 patients BMSCs+BMMNCs were transplanted immediately following PCI and 3 patients only accepted transplantation of BMSCs+BMMNCs without PCI. Autologous BMSCs+BMMNCs were isolated and cultured for 2-3 weeks. And (0.9～3.5)?106 BMSCs+1.6～6.1?106 BMMNCs were transplantated through intracoroary way. Cardiac functions were determined by 2-D echocardiography、 technetium- 99m methoxyisobutylisonitrile ( 99m Tc-MIBI) and ECG Holter monitor before and 6 months after the procedure. Results Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was significantly increased by 10.5% (4.0%-18.0%) and left ventricular diastolic diameter(LVDd) reduced by 2.2 mm (-4 mm-8 mm) and neither obvious arrhythmia nor complication was observed during the 6-12 months′ follow up in all the 10 patients. Conclusion The preliminary study showed that in the patients who suffered from coronary heart disease complicated with myocardiac infarction, transplantation of BMSCs+BMMNCs could improve cardiac function and cardiac perfusion without significant complication and arrhythmia during the 6-12 months′ follow-up.