Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), an evolutionarily conserved molecular chaperone, serves as a central regulator within tumor immune networks. This review summarizes the multiple immune regulatory mechanisms mediated by HSP70 through its specific domains: promoting antigen presentation and cross-presentation processes; prolonging immune response duration; regulating innate and adaptive immune responses; and interacting with immune checkpoint molecules like programmed death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1). In translation of clinical research, HSP70 can serve as a vaccine adjuvant to enhance immunogenicity, while its inhibitors can overcome resistance to immunotherapy. Additionally, membrane-bound HSP70 represents a potential immunotherapeutic target, and its targeting strategies show significant synergistic effects when combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors. However, due to the functional redundancy of the molecular chaperone network, the clinical efficacy of single-agent HSP70 inhibition is limited. In-depth elucidation of HSP70's synergistic regulatory mechanisms within the chaperone interaction network has important implications for developing novel tumor immunotherapy strategies.
HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins/metabolism* ; Humans ; Immunotherapy/methods* ; Neoplasms/immunology* ; Animals ; B7-H1 Antigen/metabolism*

Catatonia is a group of severe psychomotor syndromes that affect patients' motor function, speech, and complex behaviors. Patients with catatonia typically display rigidity accompanied by decreased mobility, speech, sputum production, defecation, and eating. Both catatonia-related risks, such as increased muscle tension, reduced swallowing, and coughing reflexes, and risks attributed to therapeutic methods, such as prolonged bed rest and sedative drugs, can increase the risk of aspiration pneumonia, severe pneumonia, and acute respiratory failure. These conditions and complications can seriously affect the treatment of catatonia, lead to poor prognosis, and threaten the patient's safety. This paper reports a patient with catatonia combined with severe pneumonia and respiratory distress syndrome recovered after modified electroconvulsive therapy (MECT) under tracheotomy. This case report can offer valuable insights for psychiatrists when facing similar cases and assist in making rational therapeutic plans to improve the condition as soon as possible.

Catatonia is a group of severe psychomotor syndromes that affect patients' motor function, speech, and complex behaviors. Patients with catatonia typically display rigidity accompanied by decreased mobility, speech, sputum production, defecation, and eating. Both catatonia-related risks, such as increased muscle tension, reduced swallowing, and coughing reflexes, and risks attributed to therapeutic methods, such as prolonged bed rest and sedative drugs, can increase the risk of aspiration pneumonia, severe pneumonia, and acute respiratory failure. These conditions and complications can seriously affect the treatment of catatonia, lead to poor prognosis, and threaten the patient's safety. This paper reports a patient with catatonia combined with severe pneumonia and respiratory distress syndrome recovered after modified electroconvulsive therapy (MECT) under tracheotomy. This case report can offer valuable insights for psychiatrists when facing similar cases and assist in making rational therapeutic plans to improve the condition as soon as possible.

Objective:To develop the certified reference material of cadmium in human urine (freeze-dried) .Methods:Urine were collected from normal human, and then the urine samples were prepared by adding standard, mixing, packing and freeze-drying. After homogeneity test and stability test, the urine samples were determined by two methods in seven independent laboratories, the uncertainty of the certified reference material was evaluated.Results:Take at least 0.20 ml solution of the certified reference material per use, and the homogeneity is good. The freeze-dried materials can be kept stable for 12 months at ≤4 °C, and the re-dissolved reference materials can be stabilized for 7 days at 4 °C. The standard values and uncertainty of the two levels were (5.34±0.34) μg/L and (15.47±0.72) μg/L, respectively.Conclusion:The standards met the requirements of national standards, and can be used to verify the methods of detecting cadmium in human urine and to detect the samples.

Objective:To develop a reference material for the analysis of mercury in freeze-dried bovine blood.Methods:The whole blood of the bovine was collected, mercury standard solution was added, After mixing, packaging and freeze-drying. Two concentration levels of reference materials were prepared. The homogeneity and stability were evaluated by t-test and F-test methods respectively. The uncertainty in preparation, long-term stability, short-term stability and fixed value were evaluated Evaluation and assignment of reference materials. The research products were fixed value and were analyzed by two methods and fixed value in 9 laboratories and the uncertainty during development was analyzed.Results:The reference material has good uniformity and can be kept stably for 12 months at -20 ℃; When transported at ≤35 ℃, the quantity value is stable within 7 days; After re dissolution, it can be stored at 4 ℃ for 5 days; The values are 9.4 respectively μg/L and 29.2 μg/L, and the uncertainty is ±1.1 respectively μg/L and ±2.3 μg/L ( k=2) . Conclusion:The indexes of reference materials for mercury composition analysis in freeze-dried bovine blood meet the requirements of technical specifications and have certain application value.

Objective:To develop the certified reference material of cadmium in human urine (freeze-dried) .Methods:Urine were collected from normal human, and then the urine samples were prepared by adding standard, mixing, packing and freeze-drying. After homogeneity test and stability test, the urine samples were determined by two methods in seven independent laboratories, the uncertainty of the certified reference material was evaluated.Results:Take at least 0.20 ml solution of the certified reference material per use, and the homogeneity is good. The freeze-dried materials can be kept stable for 12 months at ≤4 °C, and the re-dissolved reference materials can be stabilized for 7 days at 4 °C. The standard values and uncertainty of the two levels were (5.34±0.34) μg/L and (15.47±0.72) μg/L, respectively.Conclusion:The standards met the requirements of national standards, and can be used to verify the methods of detecting cadmium in human urine and to detect the samples.

Objective:To develop a reference material for the analysis of mercury in freeze-dried bovine blood.Methods:The whole blood of the bovine was collected, mercury standard solution was added, After mixing, packaging and freeze-drying. Two concentration levels of reference materials were prepared. The homogeneity and stability were evaluated by t-test and F-test methods respectively. The uncertainty in preparation, long-term stability, short-term stability and fixed value were evaluated Evaluation and assignment of reference materials. The research products were fixed value and were analyzed by two methods and fixed value in 9 laboratories and the uncertainty during development was analyzed.Results:The reference material has good uniformity and can be kept stably for 12 months at -20 ℃; When transported at ≤35 ℃, the quantity value is stable within 7 days; After re dissolution, it can be stored at 4 ℃ for 5 days; The values are 9.4 respectively μg/L and 29.2 μg/L, and the uncertainty is ±1.1 respectively μg/L and ±2.3 μg/L ( k=2) . Conclusion:The indexes of reference materials for mercury composition analysis in freeze-dried bovine blood meet the requirements of technical specifications and have certain application value.

Objective:To observe the effect of comprehensive rehabilitation training in a group on the speech and life quality of stroke survivors with dysarthria.Methods:Stroke survivors with dysarthria were randomly divided into an observation group (of 43) and a control group (of 41). In addition to routine medication, the control group was given 30 minutes of one-to-one rehabilitation training twice a day, 6 days a week for 4 weeks while the observation group was provided with 30 minutes of group training. Before and after the intervention, both groups were evaluated using the comprehensive dysarthria assessment scale and the WHOQOL-100 life quality assessment.Results:After the treatment, both groups′ average scores on the comprehensive assessment scale had improved significantly. Except for jaw positioning, all of the observation group′s other scores were significantly better than those of the control group, on average. The observation group also performed significantly better on the WHOQOL-100 assessment, on average.Conclusions:Group rehabilitation training can improve the speech function and life quality of stroke survivors with dysarthria significantly better than one-to-one training.

Objective To investigate the effects and the mechanism of thrombospondin 4 (Thbs4) gene-edited bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) transplantation on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) in diabetic rats with hind limb ischemia. Methods Thirty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the model group, BMSCs treatment group and Thbs4-BMSCs treatment group on average. After constructing the typeⅡdiabetic rat model with hind limb ischemia, 100μl normal saline, BMSCs suspension and Thbs4-BMSCs suspension (cell number: 2×106) were locally injected into the ischemic injury area of rats for the model group, BMSCs group and Thbs4-BMSCs group, respectively. The rats were sacrificed on the 14th day after stem cell transplantation, and the muscle tissues near the ischemic area were collected. The relative expression of VEGF and p-Smad2/3 protein was detected by Western Blot. The Ang-1 protein expression was detected by immunofluorescence staining. The levels of related genes were detected by qRT-PCR, and the von Willebrand Factor (vWF) protein expression was detected by immunohistochemistry staining. Results The relative expression levels of VEGF, Ang-1 and vWF protein in the Thbs4-BMSCs group were significantly higher than those in the model group and BMSCs group (VEGF protein:P<0.01 and P<0.05). The mRNA expression of VEGF and Ang-1 were significantly up-regulated, the differences were statistically significant(VEGF mRNA:all P<0.01;Ang-1:P<0.01 and P<0.05). The expression of p-Smad2/3 protein in the Thbs4-BMSCs group was significantly higher than that in the model group and the BMSCs treatment group (all P<0.01). The expression of p-Smad2/3 protein was significantly decreased after the addition of p-Smad2/3 pathway inhibitor, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusions Thbs4-BMSCs transplantation can effectively promote angiogenesis in diabetic rats with hind limb ischemia, and the effect of angiogenesis may be related to the activation of Smad2/3 signaling pathway.

Clinical data of 65 patients with acute cerebral infarction (frontal or temporal or both lobes) treated in our hospital during 2015-2016 were retrospectively reviewed.The patients were followed up for 6 months,34 cases were diagnosed as vascular dementia (VD) according to ICD-10 (VD group) and 31 cases were diagnosed as simple cerebral infarction (control group).The abnormal rate of electroencephalograph (EEG) at baseline in VD group was significantly higher than that in control group (x2 =5.44,P =0.02).Compared to control group,the powers of slow wave (θ wave and δ wave) at baseline,third month and sixth month in VD group were significantly increased (Fbet groups =17.39,Finner groups =163.50,Finteraction =38.71;all P =0.00) and (Fbetween groups =5.10,Finner groups =119.04,Finteraction =6.54;P ＜ 0.05).Compared to baseline,the α wave and β wave were significantly decreased at third month and sixth month in VD (Finner groups =116.40,P =0.00) and (Finner groups =55.90,P ＜ 0.05).Compared to control group,the powers of θ wave (except in the frontal lobe at baseline and third month) and δ wave were significantly increased at all time points (P ＜ 0.05).Except the θ wave in occipital lobe,there were significant differences in slow wave at all time points between VD group and control group (P ＜ 0.05).The featured EEG with increased slow wave in many regions of cerebral infarction can be used for early diagnosis of VD in patients with cerebral infarction.