Recent studies have shown that the physiological homeostasis of oral mucosal cells is regulated by the circadian clock.Dis-ruption or dysfunction of the circadian clock is closely associated with the development of oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC).Research based on the circadian clock offers a novel perspective on the pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies for OSCC.However,there is current-ly limited research on this topic,and people generally have insufficient understanding and recognition of the circadian clock.Given the complexity and challenges of circadian clock which is the fourth dimension of medical research,we organize relevant experts based on summarizing the current research results of circadian clock in the pathogenesis and precision diagnosis and treatment of OSCC,combining the scientific principles of the circadian clock's role and their long-term research experience,then summarizes and recommends the con-sensus opinions for the research of circadian clock in the pathogenesis mechanism and precision diagnosis and treatment of human OSCC,with the hope of providing guidance for the basic research and clinical application of circadian clock or circadian rhythm in the pathogene-sis mechanism and precision diagnosis and treatment of oral and maxillofacial squamous cell carcinoma.

Recent studies have shown that the physiological homeostasis of oral mucosal cells is regulated by the circadian clock.Dis-ruption or dysfunction of the circadian clock is closely associated with the development of oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC).Research based on the circadian clock offers a novel perspective on the pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies for OSCC.However,there is current-ly limited research on this topic,and people generally have insufficient understanding and recognition of the circadian clock.Given the complexity and challenges of circadian clock which is the fourth dimension of medical research,we organize relevant experts based on summarizing the current research results of circadian clock in the pathogenesis and precision diagnosis and treatment of OSCC,combining the scientific principles of the circadian clock's role and their long-term research experience,then summarizes and recommends the con-sensus opinions for the research of circadian clock in the pathogenesis mechanism and precision diagnosis and treatment of human OSCC,with the hope of providing guidance for the basic research and clinical application of circadian clock or circadian rhythm in the pathogene-sis mechanism and precision diagnosis and treatment of oral and maxillofacial squamous cell carcinoma.

Objective To deveplope construct and validate a novel multiplex PCR system comprised of 30 Y-STR markers only with low and moderate mutation rates. Methods 30 Y-STRs characterized by low/moderate mutation rate and middle/high polymorphic was amplified simultaneously in a multiplex PCR system using the six color labeling fluorescence. PCR product was analyzed in a ABI 3500XL Genetic Analyzer. The accuracy, specifity, sensitivity and stability of the system and its validation on the mixtures were evaluated. Results The validation studies demonstrated that the system is a stable, accurate, and sensitive multiplex PCR system. The sensitivity was 0.0625ng DNA. Y-STR could be detection in a male/female DNA mixture ratio of 1:4. Conclusion The primary study demonstrates that this multiplex PCR system is effective and reliable for forensic routine DNA analysis. It will be very helpful for constructing Chinese forensic Y-STR database and population genetic research.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of short-term forest bathing on human health.

METHODSTwenty healthy male university students participated as subjects and were randomly divided into two groups of 10. One group was sent on a two-night trip to a broad-leaved evergreen forest, and the other was sent to a city area. Serum cytokine levels reflecting inflammatory and stress response, indicators reflecting oxidative stress, the distribution of leukocyte subsets, and plasma endothelin-1 (ET-1) concentrations were measured before and after the experiment to evaluate the positive health effects of forest environments. A profile of mood states (POMS) evaluation was used to assess changes in mood states.

RESULTSNo significant differences in the baseline values of the indicators were observed between the two groups before the experiment. Subjects exposed to the forest environment showed reduced oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory level, as evidenced by decreased malondialdehyde, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor a levels compared with the urban group. Serum cortisol levels were also lower than in the urban group. Notably, the concentration of plasma ET-1 was much lower in subjects exposed to the forest environment. The POMS evaluation showed that after exposure to the forest environment, subjects had lower scores in the negative subscales, and the score for vigor was increased.

CONCLUSIONForest bathing is beneficial to human health, perhaps through preventive effects related to several pathological factors.

Baths ; China ; Cytokines ; metabolism ; Humans ; Hydrocortisone ; blood ; Life Style ; Lymphocyte Subsets ; Male ; Nature ; Recreation ; Stress, Physiological ; Testosterone ; blood ; Trees ; Young Adult

Objective To study the effect of concentrated compound Danshen Jianli granules on the endocrinic function of rats following simulated high-intensity training at sea and the possible mechanism involved.Methods Forty male SD rats were randomly divided into 5 groups:the non-exercise control group,the high-intensity exercise control group,the high-intensity exercise with low dosage group (48 mg/kg),the high-intensity exercise with moderate dosage group (144 mg/kg) and the high-intensity exercise with high dosage group (686 mg/kg).Changes in the body weight and levels of endocrinic factors in the serum of rats in various groups were observed 4 weeks after gastric administration of the drug.Results When compared with the control group,the body weight of the rats in the high-intensity exercise control group decreased.The absolute values of WBC,lymphocytes,neutrophilic granulocytes decreased significantly.comparied with high-intensity exercise control group,The concentration of testosterone (T) in the serum decreased and that of corticosterone (C) increased(P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01),while testosterone and corticosterone ratio (T/C ratio) decrease considerably ( P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01 ).The concentration of INF-γ and IL-4 increased and their ratio decreased significantly ( P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01 ).In the meantime,contents of INF-γ and IL-4 increased,while INF-γ/IL-4 ratio decreased significantly.Values of various blood cell counts in the moderate and high dosage groups elevated,corticosterone concentration decreased and the ratios of T/C and INF-γ/ IL-4 increased to normal level.Conclusions The moderate and high dosages of concentrated compound Danshen Jianli granules could obviously enhance endocrinic function and immunosuppression of the rats with simulated high-intensity training.

Objective To investigate the advantages of the Siaretron 1000 ventilator at high pressure and the range of tidal volume for reference through the comparison of simulated actual respiratory tidal volumes between the Siaretron 1000 and Nuffield 200 type ventilators at different ambient pressures.Methods Tidal volumes were measured with 2 different ventilators at pressures of 0.1,0.18,0.24,0.28 and 0.6 MPa (absolute pressure).The tidal volumes of Siaretron 1000 ventilator were set at 300,500 and 800 ml and inspiratory time ratios were set at 33％,40％ and 50％.Respiratory ratios of Nuffield 200 ventilator were set at 1∶ 2,tidal volume at 500 ml.Then,changes in tidal volumes,respiratory rates and peak airway pressures were measured respectively.Results The tidal volumes determined with Siaretron 1000 ventilator tended to decline with the increase of environmental pressures,with statistical significance (P ＜ 0.05).Changes in tidal volumes at pressures of lower than 0.28 MPa were less than 20％,while changes in tidal volumes measured with Nuffield 200 ventilator at pressures of higher than 0.18 MPa were greater than 20％.Conclusions With the increase in ambient pressure,actual tidal volume measured with Siaretron 1000 ventilator tended to decline,which could meet the demands of mechanical ventilation to a certain extent.

Objective To study the effect of concentrated compound Danshen Jianli granules on the endocrinic function of rats following simulated high-intensity training at sea and the possible mechanism involved.Methods Forty male SD rats were randomly divided into 5 groups:the non-exercise control group,the high-intensity exercise control group,the high-intensity exercise with low dosage group (48 mg/kg),the high-intensity exercise with moderate dosage group (144 mg/kg) and the high-intensity exercise with high dosage group (686 mg/kg).Changes in the body weight and levels of endocrinic factors in the serum of rats in various groups were observed 4 weeks after gastric administration of the drug.Results When compared with the control group,the body weight of the rats in the high-intensity exercise control group decreased.The absolute values of WBC,lymphocytes,neutrophilic granulocytes decreased significantly.comparied with high-intensity exercise control group,The concentration of testosterone (T) in the serum decreased and that of corticosterone (C) increased(P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01),while testosterone and corticosterone ratio (T/C ratio) decrease considerably ( P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01 ).The concentration of INF-γ and IL-4 increased and their ratio decreased significantly ( P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01 ).In the meantime,contents of INF-γ and IL-4 increased,while INF-γ/IL-4 ratio decreased significantly.Values of various blood cell counts in the moderate and high dosage groups elevated,corticosterone concentration decreased and the ratios of T/C and INF-γ/ IL-4 increased to normal level.Conclusions The moderate and high dosages of concentrated compound Danshen Jianli granules could obviously enhance endocrinic function and immunosuppression of the rats with simulated high-intensity training.

Objective To investigate the advantages of the Siaretron 1000 ventilator at high pressure and the range of tidal volume for reference through the comparison of simulated actual respiratory tidal volumes between the Siaretron 1000 and Nuffield 200 type ventilators at different ambient pressures.Methods Tidal volumes were measured with 2 different ventilators at pressures of 0.1,0.18,0.24,0.28 and 0.6 MPa (absolute pressure).The tidal volumes of Siaretron 1000 ventilator were set at 300,500 and 800 ml and inspiratory time ratios were set at 33％,40％ and 50％.Respiratory ratios of Nuffield 200 ventilator were set at 1∶ 2,tidal volume at 500 ml.Then,changes in tidal volumes,respiratory rates and peak airway pressures were measured respectively.Results The tidal volumes determined with Siaretron 1000 ventilator tended to decline with the increase of environmental pressures,with statistical significance (P ＜ 0.05).Changes in tidal volumes at pressures of lower than 0.28 MPa were less than 20％,while changes in tidal volumes measured with Nuffield 200 ventilator at pressures of higher than 0.18 MPa were greater than 20％.Conclusions With the increase in ambient pressure,actual tidal volume measured with Siaretron 1000 ventilator tended to decline,which could meet the demands of mechanical ventilation to a certain extent.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the apoptosis-inducing effect of Ent-11α-hydroxy-15-oxo-kaur-16-en-19-oic-acid (5F), a compound isolated from Pteris semipinnata L (PsL), on human gastric cancer SGC7901 cells and explore its mechanism.

METHODSThe inhibitory effect of 5F on SGC7901 cells was observed by MTT assay and flow cytometry, and the changes of the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax in SGC7901 cells following 5F exposure were evaluated by Western blot analysis.

RESULTS5F inhibited the proliferation of SGC7901 cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner, and the cell apoptosis induced by 5F was confirmed by Annexin V-EGFP staining and caspase-3 activation assay. The cell apoptosis induced by 5F was associated with decreased Bcl-2 and increased Bax expressions.

CONCLUSION5F exposure induces apoptosis in SGC7901 cells by activating mitochondrial apoptotic pathways.

Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Diterpenes ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; Pteris ; chemistry ; Stomach Neoplasms ; pathology ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; metabolism

Objective To observe the value of two-dimensional speckle tracking imaging (2D-STI) in assessing regional myocardial viability of rats after acute myocardial infarction. Methods Twenty Wistar rats were randomly divided into acute myocardial infarction group and sham-operation group (each n=10). Echocardiography was performed at baseline and 24 h after reperfusion. High frame rate two-dimensional images were recorded from the left ventricular short-axis views at the papillary muscle level. Peak radial strain (PRS) and peak circumferential strain (PCS) of each segment were measured at systolic period. Left ventricular internal diameter at diastole (LVID_d) and systole (LVID_s), fractional shortening (FS), ejection fraction (EF), wall thickening rate (TR) were measured with anatomical M-model echocardiography. Area of necrosis (AN) of each segment was measured after triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining. Based on TTC staining, ROC curve was used to analyze the accuracy of two-dimensional strain and TR index in identifying infarcted segment. Results ①Compared with acute myocardial infarction group at baseline and sham-operation group after operation, LVID_d and LVID_s of acute myocardial infarction group after operation increased significantly respectively (P<0.05), FS, EF and anteroseptal wall TR reduced significantly (P<0.05). ②Compared with acute myocardial infarction group at baseline and sham-operation group after operation, PRS and PCS decreased significantly in anteroseptal, anterior, anterolateral, inferolateral and inferoseptal segments of myocardial infarction group after operation (P<0.05), especially in anterosepetal, anterior and anterolateral segments (P<0.05). ③ROC analysis showed PCS had the best ability to identify infarcted myocardium as defined by AN>50%. Using a cut-off of -6.14%, PCS had a sensitivity of 93.75% and specificity of 90.91% for distinguishing infarcted from viable myocardium. Conclusion 2D-STI can accurately quantify regional myocardial function, providing a sensitive and noninvasive means to assess regional myocardial viability.