OBJECTIVE To analyze occupational exposure to sharps injuries among medical staff in different posi-tions in a three-A hospital.METHODS A retrospective collection of all sharps injury cases reported from 2018 to 2023 in a general hospital was conducted.The basic characteristics,high-risk links,involved instruments,post-exposure emergency treatment and follow-up situations were analyzed,while sharps injury characteristics of medi-cal staff in different positions were classified and discussed.RESULTS Over six years,340 sharps injuries occurred with the highest incidence among interns(2.70 cases/100 FTE·year)and the lowest among logistics staff(1.05 cases/100 FTE·year).Jun.was the month with the highest incidence,averaging 7.33 cases.High-risk links in-cluded instruments handling,placing instruments into sharp containers and removing needles from rubber or other barriers,accounting for 76.47%.Nurses experienced injuries mostly occurred in general wards and were related to scalp needles;doctors mostly occurred in operating rooms and were due to surgical instruments;interns were pri-marily injured by blood collection needles;pharmacists and medical technicians were related to ampoule handling;while logistical staff were mostly injured by hollow needles and glass fragments from waste disposal.Nurses and doctors were the main injured groups,with a higher incidence among females(25-<35 years)and males(less than five years of work experience).The exposure source was mainly hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection.Post-ex-posure treatment was primarily standardized emergency treatment,but a higher proportion of non-standardized treatment was observed among logistics staff.Follow-up reports showed that interns and logistical staff had lower submission rates and lower training coverage.CONCLUSIONS Significant differences exist in sharps injury charac-teristics among medical staff in different positions.Attention should be paid to position-specific high-risk links and instruments.Targeted training and occupational health management should be strengthened to effectively prevent occupational exposure.

OBJECTIVE To analyze occupational exposure to sharps injuries among medical staff in different posi-tions in a three-A hospital.METHODS A retrospective collection of all sharps injury cases reported from 2018 to 2023 in a general hospital was conducted.The basic characteristics,high-risk links,involved instruments,post-exposure emergency treatment and follow-up situations were analyzed,while sharps injury characteristics of medi-cal staff in different positions were classified and discussed.RESULTS Over six years,340 sharps injuries occurred with the highest incidence among interns(2.70 cases/100 FTE·year)and the lowest among logistics staff(1.05 cases/100 FTE·year).Jun.was the month with the highest incidence,averaging 7.33 cases.High-risk links in-cluded instruments handling,placing instruments into sharp containers and removing needles from rubber or other barriers,accounting for 76.47%.Nurses experienced injuries mostly occurred in general wards and were related to scalp needles;doctors mostly occurred in operating rooms and were due to surgical instruments;interns were pri-marily injured by blood collection needles;pharmacists and medical technicians were related to ampoule handling;while logistical staff were mostly injured by hollow needles and glass fragments from waste disposal.Nurses and doctors were the main injured groups,with a higher incidence among females(25-<35 years)and males(less than five years of work experience).The exposure source was mainly hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection.Post-ex-posure treatment was primarily standardized emergency treatment,but a higher proportion of non-standardized treatment was observed among logistics staff.Follow-up reports showed that interns and logistical staff had lower submission rates and lower training coverage.CONCLUSIONS Significant differences exist in sharps injury charac-teristics among medical staff in different positions.Attention should be paid to position-specific high-risk links and instruments.Targeted training and occupational health management should be strengthened to effectively prevent occupational exposure.

Infectious stones are produced by urease producing microorganisms, which have a fast generation rate, high recurrence and mortality rates, and are prone to complications related to infection. At present, the treatment of infectious stones includes surgical treatment and drug treatment, and the research on its treatment methods has become one of the hotspots in the field of urology. This article provides a review of the research progress in the treatment of infectious stones, with the aim of improving understanding of the treatment of infectious stones.

Objective:To explore the value of nomogram based on dual-energy CT (DECT) enhanced imaging in predicting postoperative recurrence-free survival (RFS) of early-stage glottic carcinoma (EGC).Methods:The clinicopathological and DECT data of patients with EGC confirmed by pathology in the Tianjin First Central Hospital from January 2015 to July 2018 were analyzed retrospectively. A total of 178 patients were enrolled, including 162 males and 16 females, with the age from 44 to 86 (62±9) years old. According to the follow-up data, the patients were divided into recurrent group ( n=32) and non-recurrent group ( n=146). The differences of clinicopathological data and DECT iodine maps parameters between the two groups were analyzed using χ 2 test, independent-sample t test and Mann-Whitney U test. The survival related cut-off values of the quantitative data between the two groups were selected by X-tile software. The survival curve was drawn using Kaplan-Meier method, and the difference of survival rate was tested with log-rank analysis. The variables with statistical differences were included in the Cox proportional hazard model for multivariate analysis to select the independent predictors of postoperative RFS. Based on the multivariate Cox analysis, the nomogram was drawn to predict the RFS at 1, 2 and 5 years. The prediction efficiency and clinical benefit of the nomogram were evaluated by C-index, calibration curve and decision curve analysis. Results:The median follow-up time was 24.3 months, ranging from 2 to 63 months. There was a significant difference in T-stage between recurrent and non-recurrent groups (χ2=9.21, P=0.002). The prognostic cutoff values obtained by X-tile software were arterial phase standardized iodine concentration (SIC AP)=0.28 and venous phase standardized iodine concentration (SIC VP)=0.87. The results of log-rank test showed that there were significant differences in RFS among patients with different T-stage, SIC AP and SIC VP (χ2=10.74, 15.50, 17.97, P=0.001,<0.001,<0.001). T-stage, SIC AP and SIC VP were identified as independent predictors of postoperative RFS (hazard ratio=2.271, 3.552, 3.266, P=0.026,<0.001, 0.003). The C-index of the nomogram combined with DECT parameter and T-stage was 0.785, which was higher than that of T-stage alone (0.622). The calibration curve showed that there was good consistency between the actual and predicted probability of the sample. The decision curve analysis showed that the clinical benefit of the nomogram was higher than that of the T-stage alone. Conclusion:The nomogram based on preoperative clinical factors (T-stage) and DECT iodine map factors (SIC AP and SIC vp) can predict the postoperative RFS of patients with EGC.

Aim To investigate whether prostaglandin E2(PGE2)can increase endogenous Nurr1 expression in a dopamine-synthesizing cell line(MN9D) with immature characteristics and to study whether tyrosine hydroxylase(TH) expression is up-regulated in response to Nurr1-overexpression,in order to investigate the role of Nurr1 during dopaninergic neurons development.Methods MN9D cells were treated with 100 ?g?L-1 PGE2 for 2 h to 6 h.The morphology changes of MN9D cells were observed under phase-contrast microscope. The expression of Nurr1 and TH in MN9D cells was analyzed by using immunohistochemical staining and Western blot analysis.Results ① The morphology of MN9D cells did not change significantly following PGE2 treatment for 2 h,4 h and 6h compared with that of MN9D cells left untreated.② Nurr1-positive staining in MN9D cells treated with PGE2 for 2 h,4 h and 6 h was much stronger than that of untreated cells while the percent of TH-positive MN9D cells after PGE2 treatment for 2 h,4 h and 6 h was similar to that of untreated.③ The expression of Nurr1 protein in MN9D cells treatment with PGE2 for 6 h was significantly higher than that of untreated(P