Objective:To explore the therapeutic effect and mechanism of Baicalin(BG)on chronic migraine(CM)rats.Methods:CM rat model was established by intermittent subcutaneous injection of nitroglycerin.Rats were randomly grouped into con-trol group,chronic migraine group(CM group),low-dose and high-dose Baicalin groups(BG-L group,BG-H group),Baicalin+MIP-1α recombinant protein group(BG+MIP-1α group)and CCR1 inhibitor ZK811752 group(CCR1-ZK group),with 10 rats in each group.General behavior of rats were observed and scored;von Frey fiber optic pain gauge was applied to measure the mechanical pain threshold of rats;Nissl staining was applied to observe the neuronal structure of ventrolateral periaqueductal gray(vlPAG);ELISA was applied to detect levels of TNF-α and IL-1β;immunohistochemical method was applied to detect expressions of pain related pro-teins c-Fos and CGRP;Western blot was applied to detect expressions of MIP-1α and CCR1 proteins.Results:Compared with Control group,the body mass,mechanical pain threshold,and the number of Nissl bodies in vlPAG area of rats in CM group were obviously reduced,the general behavioral score,levels of TNF-α,IL-1β,and expressions of c-Fos,CGRP,MIP-1α and CCR1 were obviously increased(P<0.05);compared with CM group,the body mass,mechanical pain threshold,the number of Nissl bodies in vlPAG area of rats in BG-L group,BG-H group and CCR1-ZK group were obviously increased,the general behavioral score,levels of TNF-α,IL-1β,and expressions of c-Fos,CGRP,MIP-1α and CCR1 were obviously reduced(P<0.05);compared with BG-H group,the body mass,mechanical pain threshold,and the number of Nissl bodies in vlPAG area of rats in BG+MIP-1α group were obviously reduced,general behavioral score,levels of TNF-α,IL-1β,and expressions of c-Fos,CGRP,MIP-1α and CCR1 were obviously increased(P<0.05).Conclusion:Baicalin has certain therapeutic effect on chronic migraine rats,and its mechanism may be related to inhibiting the activation of MIP-1α/CCR1 signaling pathway.

Objective:To explore the therapeutic effect and mechanism of Baicalin(BG)on chronic migraine(CM)rats.Methods:CM rat model was established by intermittent subcutaneous injection of nitroglycerin.Rats were randomly grouped into con-trol group,chronic migraine group(CM group),low-dose and high-dose Baicalin groups(BG-L group,BG-H group),Baicalin+MIP-1α recombinant protein group(BG+MIP-1α group)and CCR1 inhibitor ZK811752 group(CCR1-ZK group),with 10 rats in each group.General behavior of rats were observed and scored;von Frey fiber optic pain gauge was applied to measure the mechanical pain threshold of rats;Nissl staining was applied to observe the neuronal structure of ventrolateral periaqueductal gray(vlPAG);ELISA was applied to detect levels of TNF-α and IL-1β;immunohistochemical method was applied to detect expressions of pain related pro-teins c-Fos and CGRP;Western blot was applied to detect expressions of MIP-1α and CCR1 proteins.Results:Compared with Control group,the body mass,mechanical pain threshold,and the number of Nissl bodies in vlPAG area of rats in CM group were obviously reduced,the general behavioral score,levels of TNF-α,IL-1β,and expressions of c-Fos,CGRP,MIP-1α and CCR1 were obviously increased(P<0.05);compared with CM group,the body mass,mechanical pain threshold,the number of Nissl bodies in vlPAG area of rats in BG-L group,BG-H group and CCR1-ZK group were obviously increased,the general behavioral score,levels of TNF-α,IL-1β,and expressions of c-Fos,CGRP,MIP-1α and CCR1 were obviously reduced(P<0.05);compared with BG-H group,the body mass,mechanical pain threshold,and the number of Nissl bodies in vlPAG area of rats in BG+MIP-1α group were obviously reduced,general behavioral score,levels of TNF-α,IL-1β,and expressions of c-Fos,CGRP,MIP-1α and CCR1 were obviously increased(P<0.05).Conclusion:Baicalin has certain therapeutic effect on chronic migraine rats,and its mechanism may be related to inhibiting the activation of MIP-1α/CCR1 signaling pathway.

Objective To summarize and analyze the"Qiangzhi"drugs in Shennong's Classic of the Materia Medica,and to explore the effect and mechanism of improving memory impairment.Methods To screen the drugs with the effect of"Qiangzhi"in Shennong's Classic of the Materia Medica,and summarize their properties and tastes.By searching the common action targets of"Qiangzhi"traditional Chinese medicine through network pharmacology,it is speculated that it may be the basis for playing the role of"Qiangzhi".Animal experiments were carried out,and 80 mice were divided into blank group,model group,Radix Aucklandiae group,Radix Polygalae group,Eucommiae Cortex group,Rubi Fructus group,Euryale Semen group,Fructus Xanthii group,Epimedium group(0.06 g·d1)and Pilose Antler group(0.018 g·d1),with 8 mice in each group,and the corresponding dosage was given by gavage for 30 days.From the 23th day,scopolamine(2 mg·kg-1)was injected intraperitoneally in all groups except the blank group.On the 31th day,the platform test and water maze test were carried out on the mice in each group.After the experiment,the mice were killed and the materials were taken.The damage of neurons in the cortex and hippocampus of the mice was observed by LFB staining.According to the results of network pharmacology,Use ELISA kit to detect prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase 2(COX-2),monoamine oxidase A(MAOA),serotonin(5-HT),serotonin receptor 2A(5-HT2AR),acetylcholine(Ach),acetylcholinesterase(AchE),adenosine receptor A2a(A2aR)and adenosine receptor A1(A1R)in hippocampus of mice.Western blot was used to detect the expression of nuclear transcription factor-κB(NF-κB)and 5-HT transporter(SERT)in hippocampus of mice.Results There are eight kinds of drugs for"Qiangzhi"in Shennong's Classic of the Materia Medica,including Radix Aucklandiae,Cortex et Radix Polygalae,Eucommiae Cortex,Rubi Fructus,Euryale Semen,Fructus Xanthii,Herba Epimedii,and Cornu Cervi Pantotrichum.The main drugs are pungent and sweet,and the main drugs are warm,and most of them belong to the kidney meridian.According to the network pharmacology analysis,their common targets are COX-2,MAOA,5-HT2AR,AchE,A2aR,A1R.In the behavioral experiment,compared with the model mice,the latency of jumping off the platform was significantly increased,the number of jumping off the platform was significantly reduced,and the latency of water maze was significantly shortened(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01),and the mice in each Qiangzhi drug group were obviously more familiar with the swimming route.The results of LFB staining showed that each Qiangzhi drug could reduce the neuronal damage in cortex and hippocampus of mice.The results of ELISA showed that compared with the model group,the contents of COX-2,Ach,AchE,MAOA,A1R,A2aR in the hippocampus of mice in each Qiangzhi drug group were significantly decreased(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01),while the contents of 5-HT and 5-HT2AR were significantly increased(P＜0.01).Western blot method was used to detect the contents of NF-κB and SERT in hippocampus of mice in each"Qiangzhi"drug group,which was significantly lower than that in model group.Conclusion Eight"Qiangzhi"drugs all have the effect of improving memory impairment in different degrees.The mechanism of their"Qiangzhi"effect and improving memory impairment may be related to various ways,such as inhibiting NF-κB/COX-2 inflammatory pathway,reducing 5-HT hydrolysis and increasing 5-HT2A receptor content,stabilizing the contents of Ach and AchE,and reducing the contents of adenosine A1 and A2a receptors.

Objective:To analyze the correlation between body fat distribution measured by quantitative CT (QCT) and body mass index in adults receiving physical examination.Methods:It was a cross-sectional study. From January to December 2021, 3 205 adults undergoing physical examination who met the inclusion criteria and underwent chest CT and QCT examination in the health management discipline of Henan Provincial People′s Hospital were selected as the research objects. The general data were collected; and the subcutaneous fat area, visceral fat area, total abdominal fat area, liver fat content, abdominal obesity and fatty liver detection rate were measured by QCT. According to body mass index, the subjects were divided into normal group (18.5-<24.0 kg/m 2, 1 343 cases), overweight group (24.0-<28.0 kg/m 2, 1 427 cases) and obesity group (≥28.0 kg/m 2, 435 cases). One-way analysis of variance and χ2 test were used to compare the differences of QCT indexes among the three groups. Pearson and Spearman correlation analysis were used to evaluate the correlation between QCT indexes and body mass index. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to analyze the diagnostic effect of QCT on obesity and fatty liver. Results:Subcutaneous fat area, visceral fat area, total abdominal fat area, liver fat content, abdominal obesity and fatty liver detection rate in obese group were all significantly higher than those in overweight group and normal group [males, (147.60±46.44) vs (104.33±27.68), (73.46±22.65) cm 2; (297.46±54.70) vs (229.40±53.12), (159.57±49.68) cm 2; (445.06±70.24) vs (333.73±62.91), (233.02±61.87) cm 2; 11.30% (7.90%, 15.55%) vs 8.75% (6.50%, 11.70%), 6.60% (4.80%, 8.70%); 100.0% vs 96.0%, 64.0%; 92.9% vs 86.7%, 73.3%; females, (213.96±48.61) vs (155.85±35.31), (107.24±31.01) cm 2; (185.41±43.88) vs (142.48±41.75), (96.56±36.50) cm 2; (399.37±68.07) vs (298.33±56.86), (203.80±57.53) cm 2; 9.80% (6.90%, 13.30%) vs 7.30% (5.05%, 9.80%), 5.40%(3.50%, 7.20%); 96.4% vs 74.8%, 28.9%; 87.3% vs 75.6%, 56.5%], and were all positively correlated with body mass index (males, r/ rs=0.709, 0.738, 0.831, 0.402, 0.464, 0.225; females, r/ rs=0.798, 0.695, 0.841, 0.416, 0.605, 0.276) (all P<0.001). In both male and female subjects, the detection rates of obesity based on QCT were significantly higher than those based on body mass index (male, 86.9% vs 16.6%; female, 49.3% vs 8.9%), and the detection rates of fatty liver based on QCT were significantly higher than those based on ultrasound (male, 83.6% vs 57.1%; female, 65.2% vs 27.6%) (all P<0.001). ROC curve showed that when the visceral fat area of 142 cm 2 was used as the cut-off value for the diagnosis of obesity in male subjects, the sensitivity and specificity was 100% and 15.8%, respectively; and when the cut-off value of liver fat content 5.0% was used to diagnose fatty liver, the sensitivity and specificity was 88.9% and 25.1%, respectively. When the visceral fat area of 115 cm 2 was set as the cut-off value for the diagnosis of obesity in female subjects, the sensitivity and specificity was 96.4% and 55.3%, respectively; when the liver fat content of 5.0% was set as the cut-off value for the diagnosis of fatty liver, the sensitivity and specificity was 83.7% and 43.2%, respectively. Conclusions:The indexes of abdominal fat and liver fat measured by QCT in adults receiving physical examination are all positively correlated with body mass index. The effect of QCT in the diagnosis of obesity and fatty liver are both better than body mass index and ultrasound.

Objective:To analyze the distribution of body fat with quantitative computed tomography (QCT) in people with normal body mass index (BMI).Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted in the physical examination population who underwent chest CT and QCT examination in the Department of Health Management, Henan Provincial People′s Hospital from January to December in 2021, and 1 395 physical examination subjects who met the inclusion criteria were selected as the research subjects. The subjects were divided into five groups according to their age. The general data of the subjects were collected. The total abdominal fat area (TFA), visceral fat area (VFA), subcutaneous fat area (SFA), total abdominal muscle area (TMA) and muscle fat content (MFC) in the subjects were measured by QCT. One-way analysis of variance, Welch test and Kruskal-Wallis test were used to compare the above QCT measurement indexes between the two genders among different age groups with normal BMI. Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between VFA and sarcopenia indexes. Multivariate linear regression was used to analyze the relationship between VFA and linear correlation variables in the related indicators of sarcopenia.Results:There were significant differences in TFA, VFA, TMA and SMI among different age groups in subjects with normal BMI (all P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that VFA was negatively correlated with TMA in some age groups (male: 18-39 years group: r=-0.351; 40-49 years group: r=-0.278; 60-69 years group: r=-0.245; female:40-49 years group: r=-0.251; 50-59 years group: r=-0.270;≥70 years group: r=-0.391; all P<0.01); it was negatively correlated with SMI (male: 18-39 years group: r=-0.352; 40-49 years group: r=-0.340; 50-59 years group: r=-0.266; 60-69 years group: r=-0.316; female: 40-49 years group: r=-0.240; 50-59 years group: r=-0.284; all P<0.001); it was positively correlated with MFC (male: 18-39 years group: r=0.342; 40-49 years group: r=0.291; female: 50-59 years group: r=0.133; 60-69 years group: r=0.284; all P<0.05). Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that VFA was independently and negatively correlated with SMI in both men and women after adjusting for age interference factors (male B=-1.881, t=-6.025, P<0.001; female B=-0.603, t=-2.887, P=0.004), and it was independently positively correlated with MFC (male B=1.230, t=4.271, P<0.001;female B=0.893, t=3.836, P<0.001). There was an independent negative correlation between VFA and TMA in male subjects ( B=0.263, t=2.478, P=0.013). Conclusions:VFA is correlated with TMA, SMI and MFC in people with normal BMI. Regardless of gender, SMI has a negative effect on VFA, and MFC has a positive effect on VFA.

Objective:To analyze the association between visceral fat area (VFA) and fatty liver based on quantitative CT (QCT) in people receiving health examination with normal body mass index (BMI).Methods:A cross-sectional study. A total of 1 305 physical examiners who underwent chest CT and QCT examination in the Department of Health Management of Henan Provincial People′s Hospital from January to December 2021 were retrospectively selected as subjects. The physical components at the central level of the lumbar two cone were measured with QCT, including subcutaneous fat area (SFA), VFA and liver fat content (LFC). And the metabolic indexes, such as blood lipids and blood glucose, were collected. The t-test and χ2 test were used to analyze the correlation between the detection rate of fatty live and LFCr and age and gender. According to level of VFA (<100 cm 2, 100-150 cm 2 and≥150 cm 2), the subjects were divided into three groups, and one-way ANOVA and χ2 test were used in comparison between groups. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the correlation between VFA and metabolic indexes and LFC. Results:Of the 1 305 subjects, there were 634 males and 671 females. The detection rate of fatty liver in normal BMI population was 65.67%, and it was 72.71% and 59.02% respectively in men and women ( χ2=27.12, P<0.001), and the detection rate of fatty liver and LFC increased with age (both P<0.05). With the increase of VFA, the age, BMI, SFA, LFC, total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), fasting blood glucose (FBG), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), blood uric acid and prevalence of fatty liver increased (all P<0.05), and the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) decreased ( P<0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that after adjustment for age factors, regardless of male or female, LFC was independently positively related with VFA, BMI, and ALT (male β=0.206, 0.145, 0.174, female β=0.194, 0.150, 0.184; all P<0.05). FBG was positively correlated with male independently ( β=0.134; P<0.001). The indicators related to female independently were TC, TG, and blood uric acid ( β=-0.121, 0.145, 0.141, all P<0.05) Conclusion:In the population receiving health examination with normal BMI, the VFA measured by QCT technique is closely related to fatty liver.

Objective To summarize and analyze the"Qiangzhi"drugs in Shennong's Classic of the Materia Medica,and to explore the effect and mechanism of improving memory impairment.Methods To screen the drugs with the effect of"Qiangzhi"in Shennong's Classic of the Materia Medica,and summarize their properties and tastes.By searching the common action targets of"Qiangzhi"traditional Chinese medicine through network pharmacology,it is speculated that it may be the basis for playing the role of"Qiangzhi".Animal experiments were carried out,and 80 mice were divided into blank group,model group,Radix Aucklandiae group,Radix Polygalae group,Eucommiae Cortex group,Rubi Fructus group,Euryale Semen group,Fructus Xanthii group,Epimedium group(0.06 g·d1)and Pilose Antler group(0.018 g·d1),with 8 mice in each group,and the corresponding dosage was given by gavage for 30 days.From the 23th day,scopolamine(2 mg·kg-1)was injected intraperitoneally in all groups except the blank group.On the 31th day,the platform test and water maze test were carried out on the mice in each group.After the experiment,the mice were killed and the materials were taken.The damage of neurons in the cortex and hippocampus of the mice was observed by LFB staining.According to the results of network pharmacology,Use ELISA kit to detect prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase 2(COX-2),monoamine oxidase A(MAOA),serotonin(5-HT),serotonin receptor 2A(5-HT2AR),acetylcholine(Ach),acetylcholinesterase(AchE),adenosine receptor A2a(A2aR)and adenosine receptor A1(A1R)in hippocampus of mice.Western blot was used to detect the expression of nuclear transcription factor-κB(NF-κB)and 5-HT transporter(SERT)in hippocampus of mice.Results There are eight kinds of drugs for"Qiangzhi"in Shennong's Classic of the Materia Medica,including Radix Aucklandiae,Cortex et Radix Polygalae,Eucommiae Cortex,Rubi Fructus,Euryale Semen,Fructus Xanthii,Herba Epimedii,and Cornu Cervi Pantotrichum.The main drugs are pungent and sweet,and the main drugs are warm,and most of them belong to the kidney meridian.According to the network pharmacology analysis,their common targets are COX-2,MAOA,5-HT2AR,AchE,A2aR,A1R.In the behavioral experiment,compared with the model mice,the latency of jumping off the platform was significantly increased,the number of jumping off the platform was significantly reduced,and the latency of water maze was significantly shortened(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01),and the mice in each Qiangzhi drug group were obviously more familiar with the swimming route.The results of LFB staining showed that each Qiangzhi drug could reduce the neuronal damage in cortex and hippocampus of mice.The results of ELISA showed that compared with the model group,the contents of COX-2,Ach,AchE,MAOA,A1R,A2aR in the hippocampus of mice in each Qiangzhi drug group were significantly decreased(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01),while the contents of 5-HT and 5-HT2AR were significantly increased(P＜0.01).Western blot method was used to detect the contents of NF-κB and SERT in hippocampus of mice in each"Qiangzhi"drug group,which was significantly lower than that in model group.Conclusion Eight"Qiangzhi"drugs all have the effect of improving memory impairment in different degrees.The mechanism of their"Qiangzhi"effect and improving memory impairment may be related to various ways,such as inhibiting NF-κB/COX-2 inflammatory pathway,reducing 5-HT hydrolysis and increasing 5-HT2A receptor content,stabilizing the contents of Ach and AchE,and reducing the contents of adenosine A1 and A2a receptors.

Objective:To investigate the effects of personalized intermittent energy restriction (IER) diet on sleep related gut microbiome in obese patients.Methods:In this single-arm clinical trial, a total of 35 obese patients who visited Henan Provincial People′s Hospital from April to November 2018 were recruited as research subjects. They underwent a strict 32-day IER diet intervention, divided into 4 stages of 8 days each. Nutritional recipes were formulated and nutritious meals were provided to each obese patient with timed meals, including 55% carbohydrates, 15% protein, and 30% fat per meal. In stages 1, 2, 3, and 4, patients were provided with 2/3, 1/2, 1/3, and 1/4 of their previous calorie intake every other day, respectively, with meals at 8:00 and 16:00. During the remaining time, patients were allowed unrestricted eating at home. Physiological indicators (weight, body mass index, body fat percentage, waist circumference, hip circumference, fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, blood pressure, triglycerides, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores were observed before and after the intervention. Gut microbiota changes were analyzed using metagenomic sequencing technology, and Spearman′s correlation analysis was used to assess the correlation between significantly different bacterial species and PSQI scores.Results:After the intervention, the body weight, body mass index, and PSQI scores of obese patients were all significantly lower than before intervention [(89.92±14.98) vs (97.53±15.67) kg, (31.94±3.95) vs (34.64±4.05) kg/m 2, (3.43±1.16) vs (5.42±2.27)], the abundance of gut microbiota was significantly higher after the intervention (all P<0.05). There were 45 significantly different bacterial species before and after the intervention, of which 6 bacterial species ( Enterobacter cloacae, Escherichia coli, Odoribacter splanchnicus, Oribacterium sinus, Streptococcus gordonii, and Streptococcus parasanguinis) showed significantly positive correlations with PSQI scores ( r=0.476, 0.475, 0.369, 0.391, 0.401, 0.423) (all P<0.05), and they were mainly enriched in the glutamate and tryptophan synthesis pathways. Conclusions:The personalized IER diet intervention can improve the sleep of obese patients while reducing weight, possibly mediated by changes in gut microbiota through the glutamate and tryptophan pathways.

Objective:To analyze the correlation between quantified body fat distribution measured by computed tomography (CT) and blood lipids in overweight and obese individuals undergoing physical examinations.Methods:In this retrospective cohort study, a total of 3 463 physical examination subjects who underwent chest CT combined with quantified CT examination in the Department of Health Management at Henan Provincial People′s Hospital from January to December 2021 were selected using a comprehensive sampling method. The subjects were divided into three groups: normal group (1, 424 cases), overweight group (1, 531 cases), and obese group (508 cases) based on their body mass index: 18.5 to <24.0 kg/m 2, 24.0 to <28.0 kg/m 2, and≥28.0 kg/m 2, respectively. General information, blood lipid parameters, and different body fat distributions measured by quantified CT (subcutaneous fat area, visceral fat area, total abdominal fat area, liver fat content, muscle fat content) were collected in the three groups. One-way analysis of variance was used to compare differences in body fat distribution and blood lipid parameters, and Pearson correlation analysis was performed to evaluate the correlation between body fat distribution and blood lipids. Results:In the obese group, compared to the normal and overweight groups, subcutaneous fat area, visceral fat area, total abdominal fat area, liver fat content, muscle fat content, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and triglyceride levels were significantly higher [males: (152.80±49.27) vs (72.94±22.68), (103.79±28.30) cm 2; (287.95±57.55) vs (156.36±49.40), (224.67±53.10) cm 2; (440.75±72.44) vs (229.31±62.01), (328.46±62.77) cm 2; (12.92±8.61)% vs (6.82±3.31)%, (9.39±4.88)%; (9.06±9.34)% vs (4.55±5.06)%, (6.70±6.73)%; (6.52±0.94) vs (4.87±1.03), (6.27±0.96) mmol/L; (3.05±0.76) vs (2.92±0.86), (2.97±0.77) mmol/L; (2.34±1.42) vs (1.53±0.82), (1.99±1.28) mmol/L; females: (213.82±46.87) vs (104.69±30.62), (155.05±34.90) cm 2; (184.88±46.54) vs (90.67±34.09), (138.92±42.06) cm 2; (398.71±71.28) vs (195.37±55.32), (293.97±57.05) cm 2; (11.36±6.34)% vs (5.51±3.02)%, (7.98±4.77)%; (7.44±7.60)% vs (3.70±3.90)%, (5.56±5.94)%; (5.27±0.96) vs (5.04±0.86), (5.11±0.96) mmol/L; (3.26±0.84) vs (2.92±0.79), (3.01±0.74) mmol/L; (1.74±0.69) vs (1.27±0.65), (1.57±0.77) mmol/L], while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was significantly lower [males: (1.17±0.19) vs (1.38±0.28), (1.25±0.25) mmol/L; females: (1.36±0.22) vs (1.59±0.32), (1.42±0.27) mmol/L] (all P<0.001). In males, the visceral fat area and total abdominal fat area in the overweight group were positively correlated with triglycerides ( r=0.175, 0.113) and negatively correlated with HDL-C ( r=-0.125, -0.113), while liver fat content was positively correlated with total cholesterol, LDL-C, and triglycerides ( r=0.083, 0.075, 0.206) and negatively correlated with HDL-C ( r=-0.093) (all P<0.05). In the obese group, the liver fat content was positively correlated with triglycerides ( r=0.170) and negatively correlated with HDL-C ( r=-0.166) in males (both P<0.05). In females, the visceral fat area and total abdominal fat area in the overweight group were positively correlated with total cholesterol, LDL-C, and triglycerides (visceral fat area: r=0.129, 0.160, 0.348; total abdominal fat area: r=0.121, 0.130, 0.283) and negatively correlated with HDL-C ( r=-0.264, -0.173), while liver fat content was positively correlated with triglycerides ( r=0.352) and negatively correlated with HDL-C ( r=-0.195) (all P<0.05). In the obese group, the visceral fat area was positively correlated with triglycerides ( r=0.213) and negatively correlated with HDL-C ( r=-0.223) in females (both P<0.05). Conclusion:Blood lipids are correlated with body fat distribution in overweight and obese individuals undergoing physical examinations, and the degree of correlation varies between different genders and body regions, with triglycerides showing the strongest correlation with liver fat content.

Objective:To compare the technique between concave distraction and convex resection in the treatment of congenital cervicothoracic scoliosis and evaluate its curative effect.Methods:Data of congenital cervicothoracic scoliosis patients from January 2010 to January 2020 were collected, among which 5 were males and 3 were females. The patients' age was 12.5±4.5 years old (range 6-20 years old). One case had C 7 wedged vertebra, 4 cases had T 1 hemivertebra and unbalanced vertebra, 2 cases had T 2 hemivertebra and 1 case had fused facet joint and wedged lamina in T 1. All patients had different degrees of vertebra fusion. Convex resection technique (one stage anterior and posterior combined hemivertebrae resection and annular osteotomy) was used to treat 4 cases before 2015; Concave distraction technique (A combination of anterior and posterior release, intervertebral space and facet space distraction, cage placed and fusion) was used to treat 4 cases after 2015 and 2 of them had 2 segments distraction. Perioperative neurological, vascular and wound related complications were recorded. The main parameters were structure Cobb angle, cephalic and caudal compensatory Cobb angle, mandibular incline, neck tilt, shoulder balance and head shift were measured pre-operation, post-operation and at the last follow-up. Results:All patients' surgeries were completed successfully. In convex resection group, the duration of surgery was 201±100 min (range 113-300 min) per vertebra, the estimated blood loss was 294±153 ml (range 100-450 ml) per vertebra, the hospital stay was 14±3 d (range 11-18 d) and follow up time was 51±11 months (range 36-60 months). In concave distraction group, the duration of surgery was 117±14 min (range 101-129 min) per vertebra, the estimated blood loss was 119±36 ml (range 85-167 ml) per vertebra, hospital stay was 17±3 d (range 14-20 d) and follow up time was 28±21 months (range 12-60 months). Convex resection group had longer operation time and more blood loss per vertebra than concave distraction group. In convex resection group, structural Cobb angle was 45.1°±21.0° pre-operation and 22.7°±15.3° post-operation, which was corrected significantly ( Z=6.53, P=0.038). The correction rate was 54.8%±30.9%. Cephalic compensatory Cobb angle was 22.1°±8.2° pre-operation and 8.2°±5.8° post-operation, which was corrected significantly ( F=6.01, P=0.049). The correction rate was 66.8%±15.1%. Mandible incline was 7.8°±3.1° pre-operation and 3.5°±1.5° post-operation, which was corrected significantly ( F=8.02, P=0.018). The correction rate was 51.0%±29.7%. In concave distraction group, structural Cobb angle was 32.2°±27.2° pre-operation and 16.3°±16.7° post-operation, which was corrected significantly ( F=7.43, P=0.024) . The correction rate was 59.0%±24.7%. Caudal compensatory Cobb angle was 18.9°(17.2°, 32.1°) pre-operation and 9.5°±10.3° post-operation, which was corrected significantly ( Z=6.00, P=0.049). The correction rate was 64.0%±24.1%. Clavicle angle was 3.9°±2.3° pre-operation and 0.3°±0.4° post-operation, which was corrected significantly ( F=1.75, P=0.040). The correction rate was 97.0% (48.5%, 99.8%). There was no significant difference in the correction rate of all radiographic parameters between the two groups. At the last follow-up, the patients' appearance of head, neck and shoulder were improved compared with those before surgery. In convex resection group, 2 patients showed nerve root stimulation symptoms postoperatively on convex side. One patient developed C 5 nerve root palsy which weakened deltoid muscle and the other patients presented with reduced triceps muscle strength. In concave distraction group, one patient developed C 5 nerve root palsy on convex side. All these symptoms recovered by conservative treatment 3 months after operation. Conclusion:It is safe and effective to treat congenital cervicothoracic scoliosis with convex resection technique and concave distraction technique. The concave distraction technique has the advantages of more safety, less operating time, less blood loss and easier to perform and has a wider application prospect.