ObjectiveTo analyze the "compatibility" relationship of sugars and glycosides and the heat-clearing and blood-cooling effect of the roots of four varieties of Rehmannia glutinosa and provide a basis for research on the pharmacodynamic material basis and quality control of R. glutinosa. MethodsThe content of sugars and glycosides in the roots of four varieties of R. glutinosa was determined during the growth period. The principal component analysis （PCA）， orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis （OPLS-DA）， and the "compatibility" relationship of active components were employed to screen out the differential samples. A rat model of bleeding due to blood heat was used to verify the pharmacodynamic differences and the potential active components of differential samples. ResultsThe content and proportion characteristics of various components in roots of the four varieties of R. glutinosa during the expansion stage and the maturity stage had obvious differences. The proportion of phenylethanoid glycosides at the maturity stage was higher than that at the expansion stage. The R. glutinosa variety 85-5 had special quality characteristics among the tested varieties. All the samples alleviated the symptoms in the rat model. The effect of clearing heat and cooling blood was different between the maturity stage and the expansion stage， as well as between 85-5 samples at the maturity stage and other samples. The effect of clearing heat and cooling blood of R. glutinosa roots was the result of the combined action of multiple components in R. glutinosa roots and might be related to the high proportions of polysaccharides， iridoid glycosides， and phenylethanoid glycosides. ConclusionThe growth stage and variety affect the quality of R. glutinosa roots. The effect of clearing heat and cooling blood of R. glutinosa roots was related to the content and proportions of various components. The study can provide a basis for the basic research on the active components and quality control of R. glutinosa.

ObjectiveTo analyze the "compatibility" relationship of sugars and glycosides and the heat-clearing and blood-cooling effect of the roots of four varieties of Rehmannia glutinosa and provide a basis for research on the pharmacodynamic material basis and quality control of R. glutinosa. MethodsThe content of sugars and glycosides in the roots of four varieties of R. glutinosa was determined during the growth period. The principal component analysis （PCA）， orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis （OPLS-DA）， and the "compatibility" relationship of active components were employed to screen out the differential samples. A rat model of bleeding due to blood heat was used to verify the pharmacodynamic differences and the potential active components of differential samples. ResultsThe content and proportion characteristics of various components in roots of the four varieties of R. glutinosa during the expansion stage and the maturity stage had obvious differences. The proportion of phenylethanoid glycosides at the maturity stage was higher than that at the expansion stage. The R. glutinosa variety 85-5 had special quality characteristics among the tested varieties. All the samples alleviated the symptoms in the rat model. The effect of clearing heat and cooling blood was different between the maturity stage and the expansion stage， as well as between 85-5 samples at the maturity stage and other samples. The effect of clearing heat and cooling blood of R. glutinosa roots was the result of the combined action of multiple components in R. glutinosa roots and might be related to the high proportions of polysaccharides， iridoid glycosides， and phenylethanoid glycosides. ConclusionThe growth stage and variety affect the quality of R. glutinosa roots. The effect of clearing heat and cooling blood of R. glutinosa roots was related to the content and proportions of various components. The study can provide a basis for the basic research on the active components and quality control of R. glutinosa.

Amoenucles A-F (1-6), six previously undescribed nucleoside derivatives, and two known analogs (7 and 8) were isolated from the culture of Aspergillus amoenus TJ507. Their structures were elucidated through spectroscopic analysis, single-crystal X-ray crystallography, and chemical reactions. Notably, 3 and 4 represent the first reported instances of nucleosides with an attached pyrrole moiety. Of particular significance, the absolute configuration of the sugar moiety of 1-4 was determined using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), electric circular dichroism (ECD) calculations, and a hydrolysis reaction, presenting a potentially valuable method for confirming nucleoside structures. Furthermore, 1, 2, and 5-8 exhibited potential tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) inhibitory activities, which may provide a novel chemical template for the development of agents targeting autoimmune and inflammatory diseases.
Aspergillus/chemistry* ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/antagonists & inhibitors* ; Molecular Structure ; Nucleosides/isolation & purification* ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Animals ; Humans ; Mice ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Objectives:To evaluate the incidence of neurological complications following left ventricular assist device(LVAD)implantation and to investigate related risk factors.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 151 patients who underwent LVAD implantation at Fuwai Hospital between June 2017 and September 2024.Clinical characteristics and postoperative survival outcomes were compared between patients with and without neurological complications.Results:Neurological complications occurred in 21 patients(13.9%)postoperatively,15 cases were ischemic strokes,5 cases were symptomatic intracranial hemorrhages or subarachnoid hemorrhages,and 1 case was transient ischemic attack(TIA).The total incidence of neurological complications was 0.08 events per person-year(EPPY),ischemic stroke was 0.06 EPPY and hemorrhagic stroke was 0.02 EPPY.Compared with patients without neurological complications,patients with neurological complications had a higher proportion of preoperative aortic regurgitation and tricuspid regurgitation,lower triglyceride levels,a lower rate of concurrent left atrial appendage resection and a higher rate of concurrent aortic valve replacement surgery.Multivariate cox regression analysis revealed that higher preoperative triglyceride levels(HR=0.21,95%CI:0.08-0.56,P=0.002)were associated with neurological complications.The median follow-up time was 508.0(186.5,931.5)days,12 out of 15 cases of ischemic stroke experienced no long-term sequelae,while 3 patients had varying degrees of residual deficits.All 5 patients with hemorrhagic stroke died,with 2 deaths directly attributed to hemorrhage.Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis indicated that patients with neurological complications had a significantly lower survival rate(log-rank P=0.005).Conclusions:Neurological complications after LVAD implantation are predominantly ischemic strokes.Although less frequent,hemorrhagic strokes are associated with worse outcomes.Higher preoperative triglyceride levels is associated with neurological complications.

Objective To assess the efficacy of combining specialized scenarios with workshop-based teaching in training newly recruited nurses for occupational exposure.Methods This study was conducted with 200 nurses recruited between January 2020 and December 2021 as the control group and 200 nurses from January 2022 to December 2023 as the intervention group.The control group and the intervention group received routine training and workshop-based training,respectively.The efficacy was assessed through theoretical exams,skills assessments,occupational exposure incidence,and training satisfaction,measured u-sing the Simulation Design Scale(SDS).Results The intervention group demonstrated higher scores on theoretical knowledge and operational skills assessments compared to the control group.The occupational exposure were lower in the intervention group.Additionally,the intervention group scored higher on the SDS and reported greater satisfaction with the training(P＜0.05).Conclusion The teaching method integrated with specialized scenarios and workshop-based teaching effectively enhances the theoretical knowledge and operational skills related to occupational exposure among newly recruited nurses.It reduces the inci-dence of occupational exposure,such as needlestick injuries,and improves training outcomes and nurse satisfaction,making it a valuable approach for clinical application.

Objectives:To evaluate the incidence of neurological complications following left ventricular assist device(LVAD)implantation and to investigate related risk factors.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 151 patients who underwent LVAD implantation at Fuwai Hospital between June 2017 and September 2024.Clinical characteristics and postoperative survival outcomes were compared between patients with and without neurological complications.Results:Neurological complications occurred in 21 patients(13.9%)postoperatively,15 cases were ischemic strokes,5 cases were symptomatic intracranial hemorrhages or subarachnoid hemorrhages,and 1 case was transient ischemic attack(TIA).The total incidence of neurological complications was 0.08 events per person-year(EPPY),ischemic stroke was 0.06 EPPY and hemorrhagic stroke was 0.02 EPPY.Compared with patients without neurological complications,patients with neurological complications had a higher proportion of preoperative aortic regurgitation and tricuspid regurgitation,lower triglyceride levels,a lower rate of concurrent left atrial appendage resection and a higher rate of concurrent aortic valve replacement surgery.Multivariate cox regression analysis revealed that higher preoperative triglyceride levels(HR=0.21,95%CI:0.08-0.56,P=0.002)were associated with neurological complications.The median follow-up time was 508.0(186.5,931.5)days,12 out of 15 cases of ischemic stroke experienced no long-term sequelae,while 3 patients had varying degrees of residual deficits.All 5 patients with hemorrhagic stroke died,with 2 deaths directly attributed to hemorrhage.Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis indicated that patients with neurological complications had a significantly lower survival rate(log-rank P=0.005).Conclusions:Neurological complications after LVAD implantation are predominantly ischemic strokes.Although less frequent,hemorrhagic strokes are associated with worse outcomes.Higher preoperative triglyceride levels is associated with neurological complications.

Tumor-targeted therapy is a vital approach in precision medicine,selection of target molecule is a key element in tumor-targeted therapy.B7-H3(CD276),as an immune checkpoint molecule selectively highly expressed on tumor cells,is a crucial molecule involved in regulation of tumor immunity.Numerous recent studies have found that B7-H3,in addition to its immune check-point function,also participates in regulation of malignant biological behaviors of tumor cells and is considered to have great potential as a pan-cancer universal drug target.Current immunotherapeutic strategies targeting B7-H3 primarily include development of block-ing monoclonal antibodies(Blocking mAb),antibody-drug conjugate(ADC),chimeric antigen receptor(CAR)T/NK cell therapies,monoclonal antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity(ADCC)drugs,radionuclide drug conjugates(RDC),bispecific/trispecific anti-body(BsAb/TriAb),and antibody cytokine drug combinations,among others.These strategies aim to enhance body's immune re-sponse to cancer through various mechanisms,thereby inhibiting tumor growth and metastasis.Multiple preclinical and clinical studies have shown that immunotherapy targeting B7-H3 has potential therapeutic value.Therefore,this article mainly reviews the latest status of development of tumor immunotherapy drugs targeting B7-H3 molecule.

Objective To assess the efficacy of combining specialized scenarios with workshop-based teaching in training newly recruited nurses for occupational exposure.Methods This study was conducted with 200 nurses recruited between January 2020 and December 2021 as the control group and 200 nurses from January 2022 to December 2023 as the intervention group.The control group and the intervention group received routine training and workshop-based training,respectively.The efficacy was assessed through theoretical exams,skills assessments,occupational exposure incidence,and training satisfaction,measured u-sing the Simulation Design Scale(SDS).Results The intervention group demonstrated higher scores on theoretical knowledge and operational skills assessments compared to the control group.The occupational exposure were lower in the intervention group.Additionally,the intervention group scored higher on the SDS and reported greater satisfaction with the training(P＜0.05).Conclusion The teaching method integrated with specialized scenarios and workshop-based teaching effectively enhances the theoretical knowledge and operational skills related to occupational exposure among newly recruited nurses.It reduces the inci-dence of occupational exposure,such as needlestick injuries,and improves training outcomes and nurse satisfaction,making it a valuable approach for clinical application.

Tumor-targeted therapy is a vital approach in precision medicine,selection of target molecule is a key element in tumor-targeted therapy.B7-H3(CD276),as an immune checkpoint molecule selectively highly expressed on tumor cells,is a crucial molecule involved in regulation of tumor immunity.Numerous recent studies have found that B7-H3,in addition to its immune check-point function,also participates in regulation of malignant biological behaviors of tumor cells and is considered to have great potential as a pan-cancer universal drug target.Current immunotherapeutic strategies targeting B7-H3 primarily include development of block-ing monoclonal antibodies(Blocking mAb),antibody-drug conjugate(ADC),chimeric antigen receptor(CAR)T/NK cell therapies,monoclonal antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity(ADCC)drugs,radionuclide drug conjugates(RDC),bispecific/trispecific anti-body(BsAb/TriAb),and antibody cytokine drug combinations,among others.These strategies aim to enhance body's immune re-sponse to cancer through various mechanisms,thereby inhibiting tumor growth and metastasis.Multiple preclinical and clinical studies have shown that immunotherapy targeting B7-H3 has potential therapeutic value.Therefore,this article mainly reviews the latest status of development of tumor immunotherapy drugs targeting B7-H3 molecule.

ObjectiveUltra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-electrostatic field orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry（UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS） was used to analyze the differences in chemical components between raw products and wine-processed products of Polygonatum cyrtonema rhizome. MethodUPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS was used to analyze the chemical compositions of P. cyrtonema rhizome before and after processing， and the effective response ions were extracted after raw data processing， and the differential compounds before and after processing were screened combined with multivariate statistical analysis and according to the conditions of variable importance in the projection（VIP） value>1， P<0.05， fold change（FC）>2 or FC<0.5， based on the retention time， quasi-molecular ions， fragment ions and other information， the components were identified in combination with the control products and the literature， and the significant difference compounds were identified by clustering thermal analysis and relative quantitative analyzed， in order to clarify the change rule of the main components in P. cyrtonema rhizome before and after processing. ResultA total of 72 differential constituents between raw products and wine-processed products were identified， including 15 alkaloids， 12 organic acids， 12 amino acids， 6 flavonoids， 4 saccharides and 23 others. There were a total of 18 significantly different components， among which 13 compounds， including L-malic acid， lactic acid and 9，12，13-trihydroxy-10-octadecenoic acid， showed an increasing trend in content after wine processing， 5 compounds such as trans-3-indoleacrylic acid， L-arginine， D-tryptophan， showed a decreasing trend after processing. ConclusionThe chemical components of P. cyrtonema rhizome are significantly different before and after processing， mainly organic acids， saccharides， amino acids， flavonoids and alkaloids， which can lay the foundation for the in-depth study of the processing mechanism of Polygonati Rhizoma.