Objective To investigate the potential effect and mechanism of curcumin in inhibiting synaptic injury in the cortex of rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion. Methods Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into sham-operated group, model group, low-dose curcumin (50 mg/kg) group, and high-dose curcumin (100 mg/kg) group. A model of middle cerebral artery occlusion for 2 hours and reperfusion for 24 hours was constructed, and curcumin was administered. Based on the neurological function score, the effects of curcumin on cerebral infarct volume, synaptic ultrastructure changes, inflammatory cell infiltration, and the expression of NLRP3, Caspase-1, Synapsin1, and CAMKⅡ were observed after the end of the animal treatment. Results The neurological function scores were 0, 3.25±0.43, 2.50±0.50, and 1.50±0.50 for the sham-operated group, model group, low-dose curcumin group, and high-dose curcumin group, respectively. The percentage of cerebral infarct volume was 0, (38.89±2.21)%, (33.48±1.77)%, and (23.69±2.19)%, respectively. Compared with the sham operation group, the model group had severe synaptic ultrastructure damage, extensive inflammatory cell infiltration, significantly increased expression of Caspase-1 and NLRP3 (P < 0.5), and significantly decreased expression of Synapsin1 and CAMKⅡ (P < 0.5). Curcumin treatment significantly inhibited synaptic damage, reduced inflammatory cell infiltration, decreased the expression of Caspase-1 and NLRP3 (P < 0.5), and increased the expression of Synapsin1 and CAMKII (P < 0.5), when compared with the model group. Conclusion Ischemia-reperfusion-mediated synaptic injury in rat brain triggers an inflammatory response in cortical nerve cells, and curcumin alleviates synaptic damage and reduces brain injury by inhibiting inflammatory factor levels.

Background: Overactive bladder (OAB) is a prevalent condition that substantially degrades patient quality of life. Acupuncture is recognized as an effective therapeutic approach for various urological diseases. However, there is limited evidence validating the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture for OABs. Objective: To assess the therapeutic efficacy of acupuncture for OAB and to investigate the potential mechanisms by analyzing its effects on relevant urinary biomarkers. Methods: This is a randomized, participants and outcome assessors blinded, sham acupuncture controlled trial. A total of 110 patients with OABs will be randomly divided in a 1:1 ratio between the acupuncture and sham acupuncture groups. Participants in the acupuncture group will undergo 30-min authentic acupuncture, while their counterparts in the sham acupuncture group will undergo sham acupuncture needling non-acupoints superficially three times weekly for a duration of 8 weeks. The two co-primary outcomes will be the change in the mean number of micturitions per 24 h from baseline to the end of the 8-week treatment and 20-week follow-up. The secondary outcomes will encompass the change in Overactive Bladder Symptom Score, Overactive Bladder Questionnaire Short Form, and average 24 h values of urgency, daytime micturition, nocturia, and mean volume voided per micturition from baseline to weeks 8 and 20. Urinary nerve growth factor, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 levels will be measured at baseline and week 8. Adverse events will also be documented. Discussion The results of this trial will provide evidence for the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture in the management of OAB.

It is believed that the endoscopic manifestations of interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome （IC/BPS） such as extensive bleeding and Hunner's ulcers as well as its recurrent and prolonged condition are in line with the characteristics of sores and ulcers in traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）， and the treatment can be referred to TCM theory of sores and ulcers. The mechanism of IC/BPS is characterized by root deficiency and branch excess. The root cause is deficiency of the spleen and kidney qi， while the manifesting factors are dampness-heat and blood stasis. The treatment is based on the principles of promoting and supplementing， combining with resolving therapy， so that the symptoms could be relieved by promoting blood circulation and clearing heat， unblocking the collaterals and relieve pain. In clinical practice， modified Neituo Shengji Powder （内托生肌散） was commonly used to boost qi and invigorate blood， expel swollen sore and express toxin； combining with Sijunzi Decoction （四君子汤） or Suoquan Pill （缩泉丸） based on specific symptoms to strengthen the spleen and kidneys， thereby reinforcing healthy qi； according to concurrent symptoms like blood stasis， dampness heat， prescription with Sanleng （Cyperus rotundus）， Ezhu （Curcuma aromatica Salisb） to invigorate blood and dissolve stasis， or Yiyiren （Coix lacryma-jobi）， Zexie （Alisma plantago-aquatica） to clear heat and drain dampness.

【Objective】 To analyze the commonality and characteristics between voluntary blood donors and hematopoietic stem cell donors in this region, and explore the potential for integration and development between China Marrow Donors Program (CMDP) and voluntary blood donors, especially platelet donor databases, so as to improve recruitment success rate and inventory rate. 【Methods】 The database modeling and comparison methods were used to screen and stratify the matching and integration degree between the voluntary blood donors in recent 10 years and the marrow donors in the Shaanxi Branch of CMDP. The frequencies of HLA-A,-B alleles, HPA alleles and haplotypes were calculated with Arlequin 3. 5. 2. 2 software, and the matching probability of different platelet donor reserve pools was conducted according to the phenotypic frequencies. 【Results】 Among the voluntary donors with known HLA genotypes in this region, according to their blood donation behavior,the active blood donors excavated were divided into the first, second, third and fourth echelons of platelet donor reserve pools, with 696, 2 752, 9 092 and 12 028 donors, respectively. The first echelon had the highest proportion of 10-50 times of platelet donations and 10-20 times of whole blood donations, with 13.65% and 26.01%, respectively. The second echelon had 10-20 times of whole blood donations and 10-50 times of platelet donations, accounted for 15.04% and 1.38%, respectively, which were significantly different from other echelons' blood donation characteristics (P<0.05). With a database size of the existing platelet donor bank adding the first and second echelons (n=4 955), there was a 69.02% probability of matching at least one donor with matching HLA-A-B phenotype. When considering the matching ABO and HPA phenotypes, the probability of finding at least one donor with fully matching HLA, HPA and ABO isotype (type B as an example) was 48. 73%. 【Conclusion】 The three groups of whole blood donation, apheresis platelet donation and marrow donation in Xi'an area have a large cross-distribution. Compared with expanding the storage capacity from scratch, the active blood donors in CMDP database are the largest back-up force of platelet donors. While expanding the effective storage capacity, it can minimize the cost of building platelet donor bank and the demand for resources.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical value of blastocysts derived from poor-quality embryos after day 3 (D3) transplantation and frozen, to investigate the best embryo strategies of frozen-thawed blastocysts.Methods:A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 362 frozen-thawed blastocyst transfer cycles were retrospectively analyzed in the Department of Reproductive Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital from July 2015 to March 2020. According to the days of culture, they were divided into day 5 (D5) and day 6 (D6) blastocyst transplantation group; according to the number of embryos transferred, they were divided into single blastocyst transplantation group and double blastocyst transplantation group; according to the embryo quality, single blastocyst transplantation group was divided into single high-quality embryo group and single poor-quality embryo group. The double blastocyst transplantation group was divided into double high-quality blastocyst group, a high-quality embryo matching a poor-quality blastocyst transplantation group and the double poor-quality blastocyst group. Clinical pregnancy rate, implantation rate and multiple pregnancy rate were compared in each group.Results:The clinical pregnancy rate and the implantation rate of D5 blastocyst transplantation group in thawing cycles were higher than those of D6 blastocyst transplantation group [62.96% (102/162) vs. 42.50%(85/200), 53.98% (122/226) vs. 35.86% (104/290)](all P<0.001), and there was no statistically significant difference of early abortion rate and multiple pregnancy rate between the D5 and D6 groups ( P>0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the clinical pregnancy rate and the early abortion rate of D5 single blastocyst groups and double blastocyst pregnancy ( P>0.05), the implantation rate of single blastocyst group was higher than that of the double blastocyst group [62.24% (61/98) vs. 47.66% (61/128)] while the multiple pregnancy rate of single blastocyst group was lower than that of the double blastocyst group [3.28% (2/61) vs. 46.34% (19/41)] ( P=0.029, P<0.001). The clinical pregnancy rate and the multiple pregnancy rate of D6 single blastocyst group were lower than those of D6 double blastocyst pregnancy group [35.45% (39/110) vs. 51.11% (46/90), 5.13% (2/39) vs. 26.09% (12/46)] ( P=0.026, P=0.009), there were no statistically significant differences in implantation rate and early abortion rate (all P>0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in clinical pregnancy rate, implantation rate, early abortion rate and multiple pregnancy rate between single high-quality embryo and poor-quality embryo group in D5 and D6 single blastocyst transplantation group (all P>0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in clinical pregnancy rate, implantation rate, early abortion rate, and multiple pregnancy rate of the double high-quality blastocyst transplantation group, a high-quality embryo matching a poor-quality blastocyst transplantation group and the double poor-quality blastocyst group in D5 ( P>0.05). The implantation rate of D6 double poor-quality embryo group [26.67% (24/90)] was lower than that of the double high-quality embryo group [47.62% (20/42)] and a high-quality embryo matching a poor-quality embryo group [43.75% (7/16)]( P=0.029), while there were no statistically significant differences in clinical pregnancy rate, early abortion rate, and multiple pregnancy rate (all P>0.05). Conclusion:After the high-quality D3 embryo transfer and freezing, the remaining poor-quality embryos can be cultured to form blastocyst, better clinical pregnancy rate was obtained for transfer the frozen-thawed blastocysts, it increases the value of embryos and reduces the cost of treatment. The quality of D5 blastocyst is better than that of D6 blastocyst. The single blastocyst transplantation of D5 is preferred to reduce the rate of multiple pregnancy without affecting the clinical pregnancy rate.

Objective:To find a suitable semen treatment method in in vitro fertilization (IVF). Methods:A prospective randomized double-blind design was performed, 300 infertile couples with female factors and no abnormal fertility test were selected for IVF-embryo transfer (ET), the patients were randomly divided into float group (FY group, n=100), density gradient group (DG group, n=100) and upstream group (SU group, n=100). The remaining sperm after fertilization were collected from three groups, and sections of electron microscope were prepared. The ultrastructure of sperm was observed by transmission electron microscope. The differences among the three groups of selected sperm DNA fragment index (DFI) and fertilization rate, cleavage rate, high-quality embryo rate and pregnancy rate during IVF-ET were compared. Results:The sperm DFI of the three groups after treatment was statistically different ( P=0.02), and the sperm DFI of the FY group was significantly lower than that of DG group and SU group (3.22%±2.73% vs. 8.31%±2.14% vs. 6.43%±2.56%). The rates of sperm head and tail plasma membrane integrity rate in FY group were significantly higher than those in the other two groups (92.0%±24.2% vs. 80.2%±29.5% vs. 73.2%±30.1% and 93.9%±1.2% vs. 80.1%±1.1% vs. 74.9%±1.2%), and the differences were statistically significant ( P=0.01, P=0.03). The high-quality embryo rate and the blastocyst formation rate of FY group were significantly higher than those of DG group and SU group [44.14% (452/1024) vs. 32.30% (292/904) vs. 32.46% (296/912) and 54.40% (396/728) vs. 43.52% (302/694) vs. 46.34% (330/712)], and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.001). The pregnancy rate and the implantation rate in the fresh cycle FY group were significantly higher than those in DG and SU groups [57.14% (24/42) vs. 33.33% (16/48) vs. 35.56% (16/45) and 50.00% (30/60) vs. 27.45% (14/51) vs. 28.26% (13/46)], and the differences were statistically significant ( P=0.04, P=0.02). The pregnancy rate and implantation rate in the resuscitation cycle FY group were significantly higher than those in the DG and SU groups [52.38% (22/42) vs. 31.25% (10/32) vs. 37.14% (13/35) and 52.38% (22/42) vs. 29.41% (10/34) vs. 30.56% (11/36)], and the difference was statistically significant ( P=0.03, P=0.02). Conclusion:The Plankton method can reduce physical damage to sperm, improve the integrity rate of sperm plasma membrane and decrease sperm DFI, improve assisted reproductive technology outcome.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical value of blastocysts derived from poor-quality embryos after day 3 (D3) transplantation and frozen, to investigate the best embryo strategies of frozen-thawed blastocysts.Methods:A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 362 frozen-thawed blastocyst transfer cycles were retrospectively analyzed in the Department of Reproductive Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital from July 2015 to March 2020. According to the days of culture, they were divided into day 5 (D5) and day 6 (D6) blastocyst transplantation group; according to the number of embryos transferred, they were divided into single blastocyst transplantation group and double blastocyst transplantation group; according to the embryo quality, single blastocyst transplantation group was divided into single high-quality embryo group and single poor-quality embryo group. The double blastocyst transplantation group was divided into double high-quality blastocyst group, a high-quality embryo matching a poor-quality blastocyst transplantation group and the double poor-quality blastocyst group. Clinical pregnancy rate, implantation rate and multiple pregnancy rate were compared in each group.Results:The clinical pregnancy rate and the implantation rate of D5 blastocyst transplantation group in thawing cycles were higher than those of D6 blastocyst transplantation group [62.96% (102/162) vs. 42.50%(85/200), 53.98% (122/226) vs. 35.86% (104/290)](all P<0.001), and there was no statistically significant difference of early abortion rate and multiple pregnancy rate between the D5 and D6 groups ( P>0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the clinical pregnancy rate and the early abortion rate of D5 single blastocyst groups and double blastocyst pregnancy ( P>0.05), the implantation rate of single blastocyst group was higher than that of the double blastocyst group [62.24% (61/98) vs. 47.66% (61/128)] while the multiple pregnancy rate of single blastocyst group was lower than that of the double blastocyst group [3.28% (2/61) vs. 46.34% (19/41)] ( P=0.029, P<0.001). The clinical pregnancy rate and the multiple pregnancy rate of D6 single blastocyst group were lower than those of D6 double blastocyst pregnancy group [35.45% (39/110) vs. 51.11% (46/90), 5.13% (2/39) vs. 26.09% (12/46)] ( P=0.026, P=0.009), there were no statistically significant differences in implantation rate and early abortion rate (all P>0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in clinical pregnancy rate, implantation rate, early abortion rate and multiple pregnancy rate between single high-quality embryo and poor-quality embryo group in D5 and D6 single blastocyst transplantation group (all P>0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in clinical pregnancy rate, implantation rate, early abortion rate, and multiple pregnancy rate of the double high-quality blastocyst transplantation group, a high-quality embryo matching a poor-quality blastocyst transplantation group and the double poor-quality blastocyst group in D5 ( P>0.05). The implantation rate of D6 double poor-quality embryo group [26.67% (24/90)] was lower than that of the double high-quality embryo group [47.62% (20/42)] and a high-quality embryo matching a poor-quality embryo group [43.75% (7/16)]( P=0.029), while there were no statistically significant differences in clinical pregnancy rate, early abortion rate, and multiple pregnancy rate (all P>0.05). Conclusion:After the high-quality D3 embryo transfer and freezing, the remaining poor-quality embryos can be cultured to form blastocyst, better clinical pregnancy rate was obtained for transfer the frozen-thawed blastocysts, it increases the value of embryos and reduces the cost of treatment. The quality of D5 blastocyst is better than that of D6 blastocyst. The single blastocyst transplantation of D5 is preferred to reduce the rate of multiple pregnancy without affecting the clinical pregnancy rate.

Objective:To find a suitable semen treatment method in in vitro fertilization (IVF). Methods:A prospective randomized double-blind design was performed, 300 infertile couples with female factors and no abnormal fertility test were selected for IVF-embryo transfer (ET), the patients were randomly divided into float group (FY group, n=100), density gradient group (DG group, n=100) and upstream group (SU group, n=100). The remaining sperm after fertilization were collected from three groups, and sections of electron microscope were prepared. The ultrastructure of sperm was observed by transmission electron microscope. The differences among the three groups of selected sperm DNA fragment index (DFI) and fertilization rate, cleavage rate, high-quality embryo rate and pregnancy rate during IVF-ET were compared. Results:The sperm DFI of the three groups after treatment was statistically different ( P=0.02), and the sperm DFI of the FY group was significantly lower than that of DG group and SU group (3.22%±2.73% vs. 8.31%±2.14% vs. 6.43%±2.56%). The rates of sperm head and tail plasma membrane integrity rate in FY group were significantly higher than those in the other two groups (92.0%±24.2% vs. 80.2%±29.5% vs. 73.2%±30.1% and 93.9%±1.2% vs. 80.1%±1.1% vs. 74.9%±1.2%), and the differences were statistically significant ( P=0.01, P=0.03). The high-quality embryo rate and the blastocyst formation rate of FY group were significantly higher than those of DG group and SU group [44.14% (452/1024) vs. 32.30% (292/904) vs. 32.46% (296/912) and 54.40% (396/728) vs. 43.52% (302/694) vs. 46.34% (330/712)], and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.001). The pregnancy rate and the implantation rate in the fresh cycle FY group were significantly higher than those in DG and SU groups [57.14% (24/42) vs. 33.33% (16/48) vs. 35.56% (16/45) and 50.00% (30/60) vs. 27.45% (14/51) vs. 28.26% (13/46)], and the differences were statistically significant ( P=0.04, P=0.02). The pregnancy rate and implantation rate in the resuscitation cycle FY group were significantly higher than those in the DG and SU groups [52.38% (22/42) vs. 31.25% (10/32) vs. 37.14% (13/35) and 52.38% (22/42) vs. 29.41% (10/34) vs. 30.56% (11/36)], and the difference was statistically significant ( P=0.03, P=0.02). Conclusion:The Plankton method can reduce physical damage to sperm, improve the integrity rate of sperm plasma membrane and decrease sperm DFI, improve assisted reproductive technology outcome.

Objective To investigate the influence of pregnancy and delivery on maternal graft and newborns after renal transplantatior.Method Two cases of successful pregnancy and delivery after renal transplantation were retrospectively analyzed and the literatures were reviewed.Result The first recipient received the immunosuppressive treatment,which was based on the mycophenolate after renal transplantation.Three years after transplantation,the recipient had the requirement of pregnancy,but there was no pregnancy without contraception for over one year.On the next month after the myocphenolate-based immunosuppressive regimen changed to the purine-based,B ultrasound revealed follicular growth,ovulation and pregnancy.Caesarean section was performed at 37 gestational weeks and a body was delivered.The weight of the boy was 2 750 g,and the Apgar scores of the newborn were 10.The second recipient received triple immunosuppressive therapy (cyclosporin A + azathioprine + methylprednisolone),and got natural pregnancy 4 years after renal transplantation.The recipient was hospitalized due to the increased blood pressure and reduced fetal heart rate at 33 W+2 gestational weeks,and discharged after treatment.Caesarean section was performed at 38 W+1 gestational weeks,the weight of the boy was 3 000 g,and the Apgar scores of the newborn was 10.After follow-up for 8 years old,there was on abnormity of the function of the transplanted kidney and the growth of the newborns.Conclusion Successful pregnancy and delivery are possible in renal transplant recipients with normal renal function.Regulating the immunosuppressive regimen appropriately,and treating the complications of pregnancy effectively can obtained the satisfactory outcome of pregnancy.

Objecfive To investigate the expression of erbB4 and PTEN in cutaneous squarnous cell carcinoma(SCC)tissue and their significance.Methods Immunohistochemical Elivision method was used to measure the protein expression of erbB4 and PTEN in tissue specimens from 52 patients with SCC (11 cases with and 41 cases without lymph node metastasis)and 10 normal human controls.Results The positivity rate of erbB4 was significantly higher in the patients with SCC than in the normal human controls (75%vs.10%,x2=12.77,P<0.01),and in the patients with lymph node metastasis than in those without (100%vs.68.29%,P<0.05).Significant differences were also observed in the expression rate of PTEN between the patients with SCC and the normal controls (48.08%vs.100%,x2=9.20,P<0.01),between the patients with well-differentiated SCC and those with poody differentiated SCC(78.57%vs.36.84%,P<0.05),and between the patients with lymph node metastasis and those without (9.09%vs.58.54%,P<0.01).The expression of erbB4 was negatively correlated with that of PTEN (r=-0.42.P<0.01).Conclusion The disturbalice in mutual regulation between erbB4 and FIEN seems to be involved in the initiation.progression and metastasis of SCC.