Objective To explore the effect of music therapy on children with autism spectrum disorder(ASD).Methods A systematic search was conducted in databases including CNKI,Wanfang data,VIP,PubMed,Elsevier Sci-ence Direct and Google Scholar for randomized controlled trials(RCT)on the effect of music therapy on children with ASD.The search period was from database inception to April,2024.The control group received non-music therapy interventions,including medication,educational therapy,cognitive-behavioral therapy,and structured treatment.The observation group received music therapy.Studies were systematically reviewed following the Co-chrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews,with two researchers independently screening literatures,extracting data,and assessing the risk of bias in the included studies.Statistic analysis was performed using Review Manag-er 5.4.Results Nine RCTs were included,involving 828 patients from France,China,Norway,Iran,the United States and Aus-tralia.The intervention types mainly included music therapy,parent-child cooperative music therapy,Orff music therapy,group music therapy,improvisational music therapy,Orff-Schulwerk-based music therapy,music inter-vention and family-centered music therapy.The overall outcomes(SMD=-0.30,95%CI-0.55 to-0.04,P=0.02),language function(MD=-2.09,95%CI-2.89 to-1.30,P<0.001)and physical behavior(SMD=-0.27,95%CI-0.53 to-0.01,P=0.040)improved better in the observation group.Conclusion Music therapy can improve the overall outcome of children with ASD,especially in language function and physical behavior.

Objective To explore the effect of music therapy on children with autism spectrum disorder(ASD).Methods A systematic search was conducted in databases including CNKI,Wanfang data,VIP,PubMed,Elsevier Sci-ence Direct and Google Scholar for randomized controlled trials(RCT)on the effect of music therapy on children with ASD.The search period was from database inception to April,2024.The control group received non-music therapy interventions,including medication,educational therapy,cognitive-behavioral therapy,and structured treatment.The observation group received music therapy.Studies were systematically reviewed following the Co-chrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews,with two researchers independently screening literatures,extracting data,and assessing the risk of bias in the included studies.Statistic analysis was performed using Review Manag-er 5.4.Results Nine RCTs were included,involving 828 patients from France,China,Norway,Iran,the United States and Aus-tralia.The intervention types mainly included music therapy,parent-child cooperative music therapy,Orff music therapy,group music therapy,improvisational music therapy,Orff-Schulwerk-based music therapy,music inter-vention and family-centered music therapy.The overall outcomes(SMD=-0.30,95%CI-0.55 to-0.04,P=0.02),language function(MD=-2.09,95%CI-2.89 to-1.30,P<0.001)and physical behavior(SMD=-0.27,95%CI-0.53 to-0.01,P=0.040)improved better in the observation group.Conclusion Music therapy can improve the overall outcome of children with ASD,especially in language function and physical behavior.

Over the years of exploration and development, the surgical techniques and prognosis of liver transplantation in China have been significantly improved, resulting in a notable decrease in the prevalence of postoperative complications. However, ischemic-type biliary lesion remain a non-negligible issue. The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University formulated and published the "Expert Consensus on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Ischemic-Type Biliary Lesions after Liver Transplantation in Mainland China" in 2015, which has now been updated into a guideline based on current conditions and literature reports. This guideline elaborates in detail on the definition, incidence, pathogenesis, diagnosis, prevention of high-risk factors, and treatment of ischemic-type biliary lesion, aiming to provide standardized and normative guidance for the diagnosis and treatment of ischemic-type biliary lesion after liver transplantation, thereby reducing the rate of re-transplantation and fatality, and to improve the overall quality of life of liver transplant recipients.

The surveillance data of new cases of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) from January 1, 2013, to December 31, 2021, in Tengzhou City, Shandong Province, were used to analyze the incidence rate of AMI and its change trend among residents. The age and gender standardized incidence rate was calculated based on the 7th National Population Census 2020. The Cochran-Armitage trend test was used to analyze the trend of onset time and age. From 2013 to 2021, the crude and standardized incidence rate of total AMI in Tengzhou City declined from 130.07/100 000 and 161.12/100 000 to 76.15/100 000 and 72.77/100 000 ( Z=-13.785 and -20.822, both P<0.001). The crude and standardized incidence rates of males were higher than those of females. In 2016, males aged 45-54 years old and females aged 35-64 years old increased by 33.33%, 103.65%, 106.30%, and 95.75% compared to 2015, and the differences were statistically significant ( χ2=6.512, 4.965, 25.115, and 46.004, all P<0.05). The incidence rate of AMI in men aged<35 and 35-44 years old had an upward trend. From 2013 to 2021, the incidence rate of AMI decreased by 55.15% in urban areas and 36.59% in rural areas ( Z=-8.529 and -11.235, both P<0.001).

The surveillance data of new cases of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) from January 1, 2013, to December 31, 2021, in Tengzhou City, Shandong Province, were used to analyze the incidence rate of AMI and its change trend among residents. The age and gender standardized incidence rate was calculated based on the 7th National Population Census 2020. The Cochran-Armitage trend test was used to analyze the trend of onset time and age. From 2013 to 2021, the crude and standardized incidence rate of total AMI in Tengzhou City declined from 130.07/100 000 and 161.12/100 000 to 76.15/100 000 and 72.77/100 000 ( Z=-13.785 and -20.822, both P<0.001). The crude and standardized incidence rates of males were higher than those of females. In 2016, males aged 45-54 years old and females aged 35-64 years old increased by 33.33%, 103.65%, 106.30%, and 95.75% compared to 2015, and the differences were statistically significant ( χ2=6.512, 4.965, 25.115, and 46.004, all P<0.05). The incidence rate of AMI in men aged<35 and 35-44 years old had an upward trend. From 2013 to 2021, the incidence rate of AMI decreased by 55.15% in urban areas and 36.59% in rural areas ( Z=-8.529 and -11.235, both P<0.001).

Objective:To investigate the temporal trend of the mortality rate of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) among residents with different characteristics during the comprehensive prevention and control of hypertension in Tengzhou, Shandong Province from 2013 to 2021.Methods:Comprehensive prevention and control of hypertension was conducted in Tengzhou, Shandong Province from 2013 to 2021. ICH mortality rate was calculated from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2021. ICH mortality monitoring data from Tengzhou, Shandong Province was used to analyze the temporal trend of ICH mortality among residents with different characteristics. The registered residence population came from the Public Security Bureau of Tengzhou, Shandong Province. The age and gender standardized mortality rate was calculated based on the data of China's seventh population census in 2020. The temporal and age trends of mortality were analyzed using Cochran Armitage Trend Tests.Results:From 2013 to 2021, the overall crude and standardized mortality rates of ICH in Tengzhou, Shandong Province decreased from 50.51/100 000 and 63.21/100 000 to 17.51/100 000 and 16.74/100 000, respectively ( Z=-11.013 and -15.426, P<0.001), with an average annual mortality rate decrease of 12.41% and 15.30%, respectively. The overall crude and standardized mortality rates in 2017 peaked compared to 2016, mainly due to an increase of 32.94% and 30.92% in male ICH crude and standardized mortality rates, respectively ( χ2=12.328 and 15.854, P<0.05). The mortality rate of ICH increased with age, and the decreasing trend over time became increasingly evident with age. The mortality rate of ICH in the ≥65 year old age group decreased by 77.94% over 9 years ( Z=-14.065, P<0.001). In 2017, the mortality rate of ICH in the male age group ≥65 years old and female 45-54 years old increased by 31.13% and 125.79% compared to 2016 respectively, there were statistically significant differences ( χ2=8.877 and 5.421, P<0.05). In 2021, the mortality rates of urban and rural ICH decreased by 93.22% and 46.40% compared to 2013, respectively ( Z=-13.279 and -5.393, P<0.001), with an average annual decrease of 28.56% and 7.50%, respectively. The ICH mortality rate in rural areas increased by 30.54% in 2017 compared to 2016 ( χ2=16.086, P<0.001); after 2018, the mortality rate of ICH began to be higher than that of urban areas ( χ2=33.400 and 67.305, P<0.001). Conclusions:The ICH mortality rate in Tengzhou, Shandong Province has shown a significant downward trend over time, with male mortality rate higher than female mortality rate and rural mortality rate higher than urban areas. This suggests that the key attention should be paid to both male and rural areas.

Objective:To analyze the changing trend of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) incidence among residents with different characteristics during 9 years of comprehensive hypertension prevention and control (hypertension prevention and control) in Tengzhou from 2013 to 2021.Methods:From January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2021, the new ICH cases collected by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention in Tengzhou City were analyzed to calculate the incidence of ICH, and the trend of its distribution was analyzed among residents with different ages, sexes, and between urban and rural areas. The registered population information came from Tengzhou Public Security Bureau. Age and sex standardized incidence was calculated based on the 7th National Population Census in 2020. The Cochran-Armitage test was used to analyze the time and age trends of the incidence.Results:The overall ICH crude and standardized incidence in Tengzhou City decreased from 97.30/100 000 to 52.13/100 000 ( Z=-9.93, P<0.001) and 119.30/100 000 to 50.69/100 000 ( Z=-15.40, P<0.001) from 2013 to 2021, and both elevated to form a single peak in 2020, with 22.58% ( χ 2=24.02, P<0.001) and 18.09% ( χ 2=17.08, P<0.001) higher than in 2019, respectively. The trends in male and female incidence over the same period were similar to the overall trends, and the incidence was higher in males than in females in all years. The incidence of ICH increased with age in all years. The difference of increase in male incidence rate in 2020 was statistically significant in three age groups ≥45 years compared with 2019 (36.29%, 23.57% and 16.18%, respectively, χ 2=6.73, 4.65, 4.00, P<0.001). The incidence of ICH decreased by 70.07% and 36.23% ( Z=18.44, 5.22, P<0.001) in urban and rural areas respectively from 2013 to 2021, whereas increased by 34.15% ( χ 2=10.88, P<0.01) and 22.08% ( χ 2=18.63, P<0.001) in 2020 compared with 2019 separately. Conclusions:The incidence of ICH in Tengzhou from 2013 to 2021 showed a significant downward trend, with the decrease in the incidence of ICH in women exceeding that in men. The decrease in the incidence of ICH in urban areas exceeded that in rural areas, and male morbidity seemingly had a younger trend.

Objective:To explore the correlation between fish intake and cognitive function in the elderly.Methods:Based on data for Hubei province of the Chinese Health and Nutrition Survey 2015, 335 participants aged 60 and over were included in the study.Face-to-face cognitive screening was used to evaluate cognitive function.Fish intake was converted into four classifications: 0 g/d, 0-50 g/d, 50-100 g/d, and >100 g/d.The multiple linear regression model was used to analyze the correlation between fish intake and cognitive function in the elderly.Results:There were 335 subjects, including 142 males(42.4%)and 193 females(57.6%). In the overall population( F=4.19, P=0.006)and females( F=2.30, P=0.079), cognitive scores of the elderly increased with increased fish intake, but no increase was found in males( F=1.99, P=0.119). After adjusting for confounding factors such as age, sex, urban and rural living, education level, marital status, smoking, alcohol consumption, daily total energy intake, dietary fat-to-energy intake ratio, BMI, history of hypertension and stroke, fish intake >100 g/d in the elderly was positively correlated with the cognitive score( β=2.68, 95% CI: 0.38-4.98), compared with the lowest fish intake group(0 g/d); gender-stratified analysis showed that the regression coefficient was 4.26(95% CI: 1.23-7.30)for women and 1.70(-1.76-5.15)for men. Conclusions:Increased fish intake is positively correlated with improved cognitive function in elderly women, but the same is not true in elderly men.Increasing fish intake may be beneficial in preventing cognitive decline in elderly women.

Objective To compare the value of ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (FNA) and core needle biopsy (CNB) in diagnosing benign and malignant cervical lymph nodes.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 88 patients who received biopsy for cervical lymph node enlargement from January 2015 to May 2017.FNA (n =39) or CNB (n =49) were performed respectively to compare the sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of the two methods in diagnosing benign and malignant cervical lymph node enlargement.Results 84.6％ (33/39) of FNA cases were successfully collected,and 98％ (48/49) of FNA cases were successfully collected for definite pathological diagnosis (P =0.000).The sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of FNA and CNB in diagnosing malignant cervical lymph nodes were 90.9％ and 97.2％,94.1％ and 100％,92.3％ and 98％,respectively.Compared with FNA,there were statistically significant differences in sensitivity,specificity and accuracy in differentiating benign and malignant lymphatic lesions in cervical enlargement (P ＜0.01).The sensitivity and specificity of FNA and CNB in diagnosing cervical lymph node metastatic carcinoma were 100％ and 100％,95.2％ and 100％.Compared with FNA,there was no statistically significant difference in the sensitivity to the diagnosis of cervical lymph node metastatic carcinoma (P =0.102).Conclusions CNB is superior to FNA in sensitivity,specificity and accuracy in diagnosing cervical lymphadenopathy.However,when metastatic cancer was diagnosed,FNA was not significantly different from CNB in sensitivity (P =0.102),and FNA was recommended as the first choice.