Objective:To investigate the risk factors for heterotopic ossification (HO) after shoulder arthroplasty for patients with proximal humerus fracture.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted to analyze the clinical data of 95 patients with proximal humeral fracture who had undergone shoulder arthroplasty at Department of Sports Medicine, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital between January 2002 and December 2020. The cohort included 69 females and 26 males with an age of (66.8±11.8) years. By the Neer classification, 39 patients had three-part fractures, and 56 ones four-part fractures. According to the postoperative occurrence of HO, the patients were divided into an HO group and an HO-free group. Univariate analysis was performed for factors such as age, gender, time from injury to surgery, injury mechanism, involvement of the dominant side, surgical approach, and the Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score, visual analog scale (VAS) for pain, and shoulder range of motion at the final follow-up in the 2 groups. After positive indicators ( P<0.05) were screened through univariate analysis, they were included in a multivariate logistic regression model to analyze the risk factors for HO following shoulder arthroplasty. Results:All patients were followed up for (83.7±39.8) months. At the final follow-up, the incidence of HO was 34.7% (33/95). There were no statistically significant differences between the 2 groups in gender, time from injury to surgery, injury mechanism, surgical approach, or ASES score, VAS pain score, or shoulder range of motion at the final follow-up ( P>0.05). The univariate analysis showed that the age was significantly younger ( P=0.009), and the proportion of the dominant side involvement significantly lower ( P=0.016) in the HO patients. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that a younger age ( OR=0.947, 95% CI: 0.910 to 0.985, P=0.007) was an independent risk factor for HO in patients with proximal humerus fracture after shoulder arthroplasty. Conclusion:A younger age is the risk factor for HO after shoulder arthroplasty for patients with proximal humerus fracture.

Objective:To investigate the risk factors for heterotopic ossification (HO) after shoulder arthroplasty for patients with proximal humerus fracture.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted to analyze the clinical data of 95 patients with proximal humeral fracture who had undergone shoulder arthroplasty at Department of Sports Medicine, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital between January 2002 and December 2020. The cohort included 69 females and 26 males with an age of (66.8±11.8) years. By the Neer classification, 39 patients had three-part fractures, and 56 ones four-part fractures. According to the postoperative occurrence of HO, the patients were divided into an HO group and an HO-free group. Univariate analysis was performed for factors such as age, gender, time from injury to surgery, injury mechanism, involvement of the dominant side, surgical approach, and the Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score, visual analog scale (VAS) for pain, and shoulder range of motion at the final follow-up in the 2 groups. After positive indicators ( P<0.05) were screened through univariate analysis, they were included in a multivariate logistic regression model to analyze the risk factors for HO following shoulder arthroplasty. Results:All patients were followed up for (83.7±39.8) months. At the final follow-up, the incidence of HO was 34.7% (33/95). There were no statistically significant differences between the 2 groups in gender, time from injury to surgery, injury mechanism, surgical approach, or ASES score, VAS pain score, or shoulder range of motion at the final follow-up ( P>0.05). The univariate analysis showed that the age was significantly younger ( P=0.009), and the proportion of the dominant side involvement significantly lower ( P=0.016) in the HO patients. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that a younger age ( OR=0.947, 95% CI: 0.910 to 0.985, P=0.007) was an independent risk factor for HO in patients with proximal humerus fracture after shoulder arthroplasty. Conclusion:A younger age is the risk factor for HO after shoulder arthroplasty for patients with proximal humerus fracture.

Objective To explore the clinical results after arthroscopy-assisted anatomic coracoclavicu-lar ligament reconstruction(AA-ACCR)using tendon allograft for acute high-grade acromioclavicular joint dislocations.Methods Patients undergoing primary AA-ACCR with tendon allograft for Rockwood type Ⅲ/Ⅴ acromioclavicular joint dislocations between January 2015 and January 2017 were analyzed retrospectively.The coracoclavicular distance(CCD)was obtained on radiographs pre-and post-opera-tively,as well as 6 weeks after the operation and during the final follow-up,and complications were recorded.Moreover,before the operation and during the final follow-up,all patients were evaluated shoulder pain and function using the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeon score(ASES)and Visual Analogue Scale(VAS).Results In total,21 patients were included for evaluation with a minimum of 6-month follow-up(range,6-18 months).According to preoperative X ray,8 and 13 patients suffered from Rockwood type Ⅲ and V acromioclavicular dislocation,respectively.CCD decreased significantly six weeks postoperatively(8.6±2.6 mm)and at the final follow-up(11.7±3.5 mm)compared with the preoperative value(19.7±4.5 mm,P＜0.01).However,CCD at the latter time points was signifi-cantly higher than right after the operation(7.9±2.5 mm,P＜0.01).Furthermore,CCD increased sig-nificantly at the final follow-up compared with six weeks postoperatively(P＜0.01).At the final follow-up,significant improvement was observed in the average VAS and ASES scores(P＜0.01).Moreover,at the final follow-up,10 out of 21 patients(48％)experienced a loss of reduction,including 3 fail-ures in operation and 7 in later restoration.All patients had both medial and lateral clavicular tunnel widening.However,no fracture of the coracoid/clavicle or other complications were recorded.Conclu-sion AA-ACCR with tendon allograft for acute high-grade acromioclavicular joint dislocations contrib-utes to significant improvement in clinical and radiographic outcomes in the early follow-up.Although the loss of reduction rate is relatively high(48％),it is a safe method without obvious complications.

Objective To explore the clinical results after arthroscopy-assisted anatomic coracoclavicu-lar ligament reconstruction(AA-ACCR)using tendon allograft for acute high-grade acromioclavicular joint dislocations.Methods Patients undergoing primary AA-ACCR with tendon allograft for Rockwood type Ⅲ/Ⅴ acromioclavicular joint dislocations between January 2015 and January 2017 were analyzed retrospectively.The coracoclavicular distance(CCD)was obtained on radiographs pre-and post-opera-tively,as well as 6 weeks after the operation and during the final follow-up,and complications were recorded.Moreover,before the operation and during the final follow-up,all patients were evaluated shoulder pain and function using the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeon score(ASES)and Visual Analogue Scale(VAS).Results In total,21 patients were included for evaluation with a minimum of 6-month follow-up(range,6-18 months).According to preoperative X ray,8 and 13 patients suffered from Rockwood type Ⅲ and V acromioclavicular dislocation,respectively.CCD decreased significantly six weeks postoperatively(8.6±2.6 mm)and at the final follow-up(11.7±3.5 mm)compared with the preoperative value(19.7±4.5 mm,P＜0.01).However,CCD at the latter time points was signifi-cantly higher than right after the operation(7.9±2.5 mm,P＜0.01).Furthermore,CCD increased sig-nificantly at the final follow-up compared with six weeks postoperatively(P＜0.01).At the final follow-up,significant improvement was observed in the average VAS and ASES scores(P＜0.01).Moreover,at the final follow-up,10 out of 21 patients(48％)experienced a loss of reduction,including 3 fail-ures in operation and 7 in later restoration.All patients had both medial and lateral clavicular tunnel widening.However,no fracture of the coracoid/clavicle or other complications were recorded.Conclu-sion AA-ACCR with tendon allograft for acute high-grade acromioclavicular joint dislocations contrib-utes to significant improvement in clinical and radiographic outcomes in the early follow-up.Although the loss of reduction rate is relatively high(48％),it is a safe method without obvious complications.

Objective:To characterize the severe sports injuries related to alpine skiing during the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics and Paralympics so as to provide information for the prevention and treatment of sports injuries in the Yanqing National Alpine Skiing Center tracks.Methods:The medical data were collected of all the alpine skiing athletes and related staff who had sought medical treatment in Peking University Third Hospital Yanqing Hospital during January 20, 2022 to March 26, 2022. Descriptive statistical analyses were conducted for body part, type, occurrence place, and severity of the injuries.Results:There were 49 patients who had suffered severe injuries related to alpine skiing events during this Olympic Games, with 68 injuries by body parts and 72 injuries by types. The most common injury part was the knee (25.0%, 17/68), followed by the head (14.7%, 10/68), and the shoulder (8.8%, 6/68). The most common types of injury were contusion (including hematoma and abrasion, 30.6%, 22/72), followed by sprain (including dislocation, subluxation, and ligament injury, 22.2%, 16/72), and fracture (20.8%, 15/72). The most common occurrence place in the tracks for athletes was the "Haituo Bowl" area (41.7%, 10/24). In terms of severity, the injuries led to an absence from training or competition in 48 athletes [98.0% (48/49)], of whom 33 were severely injured [67.3% (33/49)].Conclusions:The most vulnerable part for severe sports injuries in the alpine skiing events of the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics and Paralympics was the knee, mostly with ligament injuries, which is consistent with the findings of previous events. The high proportion of severe injuries indicated the difficulty of this track. The place where injuries mostly occurred was the "Haituo Bowl" area of the racing track, also the most challenging part of this track, indicating a necessity of more medical resources in this area.

The environmental pollution by heavy metals such as mercury, cadmium and lead has become a worldwide public health hazard. To rapidly and inexpensively monitor environmental heavy metals is a prerequisite for minimizing human and animal exposure. The development of immunoassays to detect mercury ion residues has been a promising trend with the advantage of rapid and cheap operation. We reported the isolation and characterization of mercury-specific monoclonal antibodies. Because Hg2+ ions are too small to elicit an immune response, the metal was coupled to protein carrier (keyhole limpet, KLH) using a chelator (diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid, DTPA). After the synthesis of antigen and characterization, monoclonal antibodies against mercury ions were generated by immunizing BALB/c mice with mercury conjugated antigen (Hg-DTPA-KLH). The stable hybridoma cell lines were produced by fusion of murine splenocytes and SP2/0 myeloma cells. The hybridoma cells were subcloned by the limiting dilution and screened by ELISA, two hybridoma cell lines producing stably specific monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against mercury ions were obtained, named H2H5 and H1H8. The ascites fluid was produced in BABL/c mice by intraperitoneal injection of 1 x 10(7) H2H5 and H1H8 cells, respectively. The titers of ascites were all above 1:51 200. The isotyping of secrete antibodies from two hybridoma cell lines was IgG1, kappa type. These data laid a potency of establishing immunoassays methods of determining Hg2+ ion residues and had the realistic significance for improving the efficiency and quality of risk assessment.
Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; biosynthesis ; immunology ; Chelating Agents ; chemistry ; Environmental Pollutants ; analysis ; immunology ; Female ; Hybridomas ; metabolism ; Immunoassay ; methods ; Mercury ; analysis ; immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C

s and no restenosis was found in 3 patients according to cerebral angiography. Preliminary results show that PTAS in the management of the vertebrobasilar arterial stenosis is a safe and effective method.