Humans ; Early Detection of Cancer ; Endoscopy ; Esophageal Neoplasms/epidemiology* ; Risk Factors ; Mass Screening

Objective:To investigate the current situation of key endemic disease prevention and control in Shanxi Province, and provide a scientific basis for further strengthening the implementation of prevention and control measures.Methods:In 2021, monitoring of key endemic disease prevention and control projects in Shanxi Province was carried out in accordance with the current national monitoring plans for iodine deficiency disorders and water source high iodine areas, for endemic fluorosis, endemic arsenic poisoning, Kashin-Beck disease, and Keshan disease. The effect of prevention and control measures was evaluated in accordance with the "Evaluation Measures for Key Endemic Disease Control and Elimination (2019 Edition)". Patient management services and treatment subsidy projects were carried out in accordance with the "Management Service Standards for Endemic Disease Patients" and the "Management Measures for Treatment of Endemic Disease Patients".Results:All 117 counties (cities, districts, hereinafter referred to as counties) in Shanxi Province had reached the national elimination standards for iodine deficiency disorders, and the overall iodine nutrition of the population was generally suitable. However, the consumption rate of qualified iodine salt in 8 counties was ≤90%, and the iodine nutrition of pregnant women in 13 counties was insufficient. The water improvement rate in 295 villages in 12 counties across the province with high water iodine level was 80.68% (238/295), and the proportion of villages with qualified water iodine after water improvement was 38.31% (113/295). The prevention and control measures of 93.55% (58/62) of the counties in the province with endemic fluorosis caused through drinking water reached the national control standards. Totally 20 counties ravaged by coal-burning borne endemic fluorosis, 16 counties ravaged by drinking water borne endemic arsenicosis (high arsenic areas), 35 counties ravaged by Kashin-Beck disease, and 11 counties ravaged by Keshan disease met the national elimination standards. In 2021, 11 197 patients with endemic diseases were followed up and managed in Shanxi Province, and drug treatment programs were carried out on 3 413 patients with skeletal fluorosis, 2 088 patients with Kashin-Beck disease, and 10 patients with chronic Keshan disease.Conclusions:The overall prevention and control of key endemic diseases in Shanxi Province remains under control or elimination. However, the water improvement in some drinking water borne endemic fluorosis areas still needs to be further strengthened. Measures for water improvement and supply of non-iodized salt in water source high iodine areas still need to be coordinated and promoted. Key endemic disease patients in Shanxi Province have basically achieved standardized management.

AIM:To investigate the molecular mechanisms of KG-1 cell proliferation by profiling its responses to various protein kinase inhibitors.METHODS:CCK-8 assay,real time quantitative PCR(qRT-PCR)and Western-blot were used to detect the effect of various protein kinase inhibitors on KG-1 cell proliferation,the expression levels of mRNA and phosphorylation level of signaling pro-teins in the FGFR1 downstream pathways.RE-SULTS:NVP-BGJ398 and PD173074 effectively in-hibited the proliferation of KG-1 cells,indicative of a crucial role of FGFR downstream signaling.After treatment with FGFR inhibitors,the levels of p-FG-FR1OP2-FGFR1 and p-STAT5 decreased significantly(P<0.001),p-AKT decreased slightly(P<0.05),with-out affecting the p-ERK level(P>0.05).CONCLU-SION:FGFR1OP2-FGFR1 mainly acts on the down-stream STAT5 signaling pathway to promote cell proliferation.Comprehensive protein kinase inhibi-tion analysis is a reliable and direct approach to identify functional drivers of cancer cell prolifera-tion.

Objective To investigate the intervention effect of Xuanfuhua decoction on mice with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) induced by high-fat, high-fructose, and high-cholesterol diet. Methods A total of 32 male C57/BL6J mice were randomly divided into normal group, model group, Xuanfuhua decoction group, and obeticholic acid group, with 8 mice in each group. Since week 24 of modeling using high-fat, high-fructose, and high-cholesterol diet, each group was given the corresponding drug for intervention at a dose of 14.19 g/kg by gavage for the Xuanfuhua decoction group and 10 mg/kg by gavage for the obeticholic acid group and a volume of 20 mL/kg for gavage, once a day for 6 consecutive weeks. HE staining, oil red O staining, Sirius Red staining, and Masson staining were used to observe the pathological changes, lipid deposition, and collagen deposition of liver tissue; related kits were used to measure the serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and glucose, as well as the content of TG and hydroxyproline (Hyp) in liver tissue; quantitative real-time PCR was used to measure the expression of genes associated with lipid metabolism, inflammation, and fibrosis in liver tissue; immunohistochemical staining was used to observe the positive expression of F4/80 and α-SMA in liver tissue. A one-way analysis of variance was used for comparison of continuous data between multiple groups, and the least significant difference t -test was used for further comparison between two groups. Results Compared with the normal group, the model group had significant increases in body weight, liver wet weight, and serum levels of AST, ALT, TC, TG, LDL-C and glucose (all P < 0.01). HE staining showed hepatocyte steatosis, a large number of fat vacuoles, hepatocyte ballooning degeneration, and inflammatory cell infiltration in liver tissue of the mice in the model group, and the model group had a significant increase in NAFLD activity score (NAS) compared with the normal group ( P < 0.01). Oil red O staining showed the deposition of a large number of red lipid droplets with different sizes in hepatocytes of the mice in the model group, and compared with the normal group, the model group had significant increases in the area percentage of oil red O staining and the content of TG in the liver ( P < 0.01). Sirius Red staining and Masson staining showed significant collagen fiber hyperplasia in the perisinusoidal area, the central vein, and the portal area in the model group, and the model group had a significant increase in the content of Hyp in liver tissue compared with the normal group ( P < 0.05). Compared with the model group, the Xuanfuhua decoction group had significant reductions in the serum levels of AST, ALT, TC, TG, LDL-C, and glucose (all P < 0.05), significant improvements in hepatic steatosis, inflammatory infiltration, lipid droplet deposition, and collagen fiber hyperplasia, and significant reductions in NAS score, area percentage of oil red O staining, and content of TG and Hyp in the liver (all P < 0.05). Compared with the normal group, the model group had significant increases in the mRNA expression levels of lipid metabolism-related genes (SREBP-1c, FASN, SCD-1, PPAR-γ, and CD36), inflammation-related genes (F4/80, TNF-α, CCL2, and CD11b), and the fibrosis-related gene α-SMA (all P < 0.05), and immunohistochemical staining showed significant increases in the positive expression of F4/80 and α-SMA ( P < 0.01). Compared with the model group, the Xuanfuhua decoction group had significant reductions in the mRNA expression levels of SREBP-1c, FASN, SCD-1, PPAR-γ, CD36, F4/80, TNF-α, CCL2, CD11b, and α-SMA in liver tissue (all P < 0.05), and immunohistochemical staining showed significant reductions in the positive expression of F4/80 and α-SMA ( P < 0.01). Conclusion Xuanfuhua decoction has a good intervention effect on mice with NASH induced by high fat, high fructose, and high-cholesterol diet and can significantly inhibit hepatic lipid deposition, inflammatory response, and liver fibrosis.

The liver has a complex cellular composition and a remarkable regenerative capacity. The primary cell types in the liver are two parenchymal cell populations, hepatocytes and cholangiocytes, that perform most of the functions of the liver and that are helped through interactions with non-parenchymal cell types comprising stellate cells, endothelia and various hemopoietic cell populations. The regulation of the cells in the liver is mediated by an insoluble complex of proteins and carbohydrates, the extracellular matrix, working synergistically with soluble paracrine and systemic signals. In recent years, with the rapid development of genetic sequencing technologies, research on the liver's cellular composition and its regulatory mechanisms during various conditions has been extensively explored. Meanwhile breakthroughs in strategies for cell transplantation are enabling a future in which there can be a rescue of patients with end-stage liver diseases, offering potential solutions to the chronic shortage of livers and alternatives to liver transplantation. This review will focus on the cellular mechanisms of liver homeostasis and how to select ideal sources of cells to be transplanted to achieve liver regeneration and repair. Recent advances are summarized for promoting the treatment of end-stage liver diseases by forms of cell transplantation that now include grafting strategies.
Humans ; Liver/surgery* ; Hepatocytes/transplantation* ; Stem Cells/metabolism* ; Liver Diseases/surgery*

Exogenous lipoid pneumonia is an inflammatory response to the lungs caused by inhaled lipid substances, which is prone to secondary bacterial infection, resulting in the formation of local abscesses, which can be life-threatening in severe cases. This paper reports a case of a 55-year-old patient with diesel aspiration, secondary to Klebsiella pneumoniae (ESBL positive) and Candida glabrata infection resulting in lung abscess formation. He was treated with a variety of antibacterial drugs for anti-infection, non-invasive ventilator ventilation, bronchoalveolar lavage, glucocorticoids, phlegm and other medical treatments. Finally, he underwent middle lobectomy for improvement and was discharged from the hospital, and he recovered well with regular follow-up.

Exogenous lipoid pneumonia is an inflammatory response to the lungs caused by inhaled lipid substances, which is prone to secondary bacterial infection, resulting in the formation of local abscesses, which can be life-threatening in severe cases. This paper reports a case of a 55-year-old patient with diesel aspiration, secondary to Klebsiella pneumoniae (ESBL positive) and Candida glabrata infection resulting in lung abscess formation. He was treated with a variety of antibacterial drugs for anti-infection, non-invasive ventilator ventilation, bronchoalveolar lavage, glucocorticoids, phlegm and other medical treatments. Finally, he underwent middle lobectomy for improvement and was discharged from the hospital, and he recovered well with regular follow-up.

Objective:To systematically evaluate the diagnostic value of fine-needle aspiration washout fluid for measuring thyroglobulin (FNA-Tg) and fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in cervical lymph node metastasis of papillary thyroid carcinoma.Methods:Chinese Journal Full-Text Database, Wanfang Database, VIP Chinese Science and Technology Journal Database and other databases from January 2016 to December 2020 were retrieved. And then diagnostic trials from the databases regarding the comparison of FNA-Tg and FNAC in the diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma with neck lymph node metastasis based on the histopathological diagnosis as the gold standard were included. The literatures were screened out according to the diagnostic test inclusion criteria recommended by the Cochrane Collaboration Screening and Diagnostic Test Methods Group; and then the quality of the included literatures was evaluated and feature information was extracted. Review Manager 5.0 and MetaDiSc software were used to conduct Meta analysis, and a summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve of FNAC and FNA-Tg in the diagnosis of lymph node metastasis was drawn to calculate the area under the curve and to judge the diagnostic efficacy.Results:A total of 19 articles and 2 792 cervical lymph nodes were finally included. The sensitivity of FNAC and FNA-Tg in the diagnosis of cervical lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma was 0.80 (95% CI 0.78-0.81) and 0.92 (95% CI 0.91-0.93), respectively; the specificity was 0.93 (95% CI 0.92-0.95) and 0.91(95% CI 0.89-0.93); the diagnostic odds ratio was 51.55 (95% CI 38.61-68.81) and 110.03 (95% CI 82.18-147.32), respectively; the areas under the SROC curve was 0.900 and 0.968, respectively. Conclusions:The accuracy of FNA-Tg in the diagnosis of cervical lymph node metastasis of papillary thyroid carcinoma is higher than that of FNAC. FNA-Tg can be used as an important diagnosis supplement to FNAC and it can be widely used in clinical practice.

BACKGROUND: Severe hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) is a life-threatening contagious disease among young children and infants. Although enterovirus A71 has been well acknowledged to be the dominant cause of severe HFMD, there still remain other unidentified risk factors for severe HFMD. Previous studies mainly focused on identifying the individual-level risk factors from a clinical perspective, while rare studies aimed to clarify the association between regional-level risk factors and severe HFMD, which may be more important from a public health perspective. METHODS: We retrieved the clinical HFMD counts between 2008 and 2014 from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, which were used to calculated the case-severity rate in 143 prefectural-level cities in mainland China. For each of those 143 cities, we further obtained city-specific characteristics from the China City Statistical Yearbook (social and economic variables) and the national meteorological monitoring system (meteorological variables). A Poisson regression model was then used to estimate the associations between city-specific characteristics (reduced by the principal component analysis to avoid multicollinearity) and the case-severity rate of HFMD. The above analysis was further stratified by age and gender to examine potential modifying effects and vulnerable sub-populations. RESULTS: We found that the case-severity rate of HFMD varied dramatically between cities, ranging from 0 to 8.09%. Cities with high case-severity rates were mainly clustered in Central China. By relating the case-severity rate to city-specific characteristics, we found that both the principal component characterized by a high level of social and economic development (RR = 0.823, 95%CI 0.739, 0.916) and another that characterized by warm and humid climate (RR = 0.771, 95%CI 0.619, 0.960) were negatively associated with the case-severity rate of HFMD. These estimations were consistent across age and gender sub-populations. CONCLUSION Except for the type of infected pathogen, the case-severity rate of HFMD was closely related to city development and meteorological factor. These findings suggest that social and environmental factors may also play an important role in the progress of severe HFMD.
Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China/epidemiology* ; Cities/epidemiology* ; Female ; Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease/virology* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Risk Factors

This paper introduced a liver normothermic machine perfusion repair and assessment system. This system consists of a liver normothermic machine perfusion device, a fluorescence imaging system and a tissue oxygen detector. The normothermic machine perfusion device can continuously perfuse the donor liver and monitor and control the perfusion parameters in real time. The fluorescence imaging system can detect the indocyanine green metabolized by the liver to evaluate the microcirculation and the metabolism function of hepatocytes. The tissue oxygen detector can monitor the change of oxygen partial pressure of liver tissue in real time to evaluate the state of cell oxygen consumption.
Humans ; Liver ; Liver Transplantation ; Living Donors ; Organ Preservation ; Perfusion