Objective:To investigate the changes of ultrasound elastography parameters, liver fibrosis index and clinical significance before and after cirrhosis treatment.Methods:One hundred and eight patients with cirrhosis admitted to Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University of Arts and Sciences from April 2020 to May 2022 were selected retrospectively and divided into effective group and ineffective group according to the treatment effect, the liver function indexes and ultrasound parameters before and after treatment were compared, the correlation between ultrasound parameters and liver function index were analyzed by Pearson test, the risk factors influencing the efficacy were analyzed by Logistic regression, ultrasound parameters, liver fibrosis index parameters to predict the efficacy value were analyzed by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.Results:The levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), total bilirubin (TBil) in the effective group were decreased and the level of ALB was increased after treatment: (83.38 ± 13.29) U/L vs. (112.84 ± 16.07)U/L, (72.65 ± 11.33) U/L vs. (90.75 ± 12.34) U/L, (33.82 ± 8.86) μmol/L vs. (41.49 ± 9.57) μmol/L, (38.44 ± 3.59) g/L vs. (33.84 ± 4.57) g/L, there were statistical differences ( P<0.05). The levels of liver stiffness measurement (LSM) maximum value (LSM max), minimum value (LSM min), mean value (mLSM), ultrasound semi-quantitative score, and fibrosis index based on the 4 factor (FIB-4) in the effective group after treatment were decreased: 20.80(12.00, 31.50) kPa vs. 26.50(15.20, 35.30) kPa, 4.40(3.10, 8.50) kPa vs. 6.50(3.20, 9.10) kPa, 14.80(10.10, 25.40) kPa vs. 20.00(13.00, 30.50) kPa, (7.79 ± 1.84) scores vs. (10.35 ± 2.61) scores, 3.11 ± 0.36 vs. 3.65 ± 0.48, there were statistical differences ( P<0.05). The results of Pearson test showed that LSM max, LSM min, mLSM, ultrasound semi-quantitative scores were positively correlated with AST, ALT, TBil, FIB-4, and negatively correlated with ALB ( P<0.05). The results of Logistic regression showed that after correcting for AST, ALT, TBil, ALB, the LSM max, LSM min, mLSM, ultrasound semi-quantitative score, and FIB-4 were still relevant influences on efficacy ( P<0.05). The results of ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of LSM max + LSM min + mLSM + ultrasound semi-quantitative score + FIB-4 predicting efficacy was greater than the AUC of liver function index combined ( P<0.05). Conclusions:The changes of ultrasound elastography parameters and liver fibrosis index before and after treatment are related to the outcome of cirrhosis treatment and have good correlation with the improvement of liver function.

Objective:To investigate the application value of ultrasound-guided multimodal examinations in the diagnosis of lymph node mycobacterial infection.Methods:The clinical data of 42 patients with suspected lymph node mycobacterial infection who were initially diagnosed at the Affiliated Hospital of Shaoxing University from January 2019 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. All patients underwent an ultrasound-guided lymph node-negative pressure puncture. Acid-fast staining, bacterial culture, pathological examination or their combination were used to screen lymph nodes for mycobacterial infection. The results were compared with those of acid-fast staining and bacterial culture of sputum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid smears.Results:The combined application of acid fast staining, bacterial culture, and pathological examination for the puncture fluid smear showed a positive rate of 71.4% (30/42), which was significantly higher than the positive rate [26.2% (11/42)] for acid fast staining of the puncture fluid smear, the positive rate [42.9% (18/42)] for bacterial culture of the puncture fluid, and the positive rate [50.0% (21/42)] of pathological examination ( χ2 = 17.20, 7.00, 4.04, P < 0.001, P < 0.01, P = 0.040). The positive rate for sputum smear and bacterial culture was 21.4% (9/33). The positive rate for acid fast staining and bacterial culture of the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was 28.6% (12/30). The differences were statistically significant ( χ2 = 21.11, 15.43, both P < 0.001). Conclusion:Ultrasound-guided negative pressure aspiration and puncture biopsy of lymph nodes combined with acid fast staining, bacterial culture, and pathological examinations can markedly increase the detection rate and diagnostic rate of mycobacterial infection.

Humans ; Myocardial Infarction/surgery* ; Bone Marrow Transplantation ; Bone Marrow Cells ; Ventricular Function, Left

Objective To analyze and evaluate the fatigue status of the ship crew , as well as the air quality of the ship cab-ins, and to find out influencing factors for the fatigue among the ship crew , so as to provide theoretical evidence and guidance for the maintenance and improvement of the health of the ship crew during prolonged deployment at sea .Methods Investigation and analysis on the fatigue status among the ship crew both before and after deployment were made by using the questionnaire of 《the Subjective Fa-tigue Symptom Checklist》.Air quality of the ship cabins was analyzed by using Gasmet DX 4035 FT-IR multi-component air analyzer and assessed in accordance with Indoor Air Quality Standards .Results (1) One week after deployment , fatigue symptoms in all the shipboard personnel deteriorated significantly , and three fatigue factors including "somatic", "mental"and "neurosensory"factors were all considerably increased .(2) The levels of formaldehyde and SO 2 in some cabins exceeded the permissible limits .Conclusion The fatigue status among the ship crew after deployment at sea obviously deteriorated , as compared with that before deployment .The levels of harmful gases in some cabins exceeded the limits as specified in the standards , which could worsen the fatigue status among the ship crew.

Objective To analyze and evaluate the fatigue status of the ship crew , as well as the air quality of the ship cab-ins, and to find out influencing factors for the fatigue among the ship crew , so as to provide theoretical evidence and guidance for the maintenance and improvement of the health of the ship crew during prolonged deployment at sea .Methods Investigation and analysis on the fatigue status among the ship crew both before and after deployment were made by using the questionnaire of 《the Subjective Fa-tigue Symptom Checklist》.Air quality of the ship cabins was analyzed by using Gasmet DX 4035 FT-IR multi-component air analyzer and assessed in accordance with Indoor Air Quality Standards .Results (1) One week after deployment , fatigue symptoms in all the shipboard personnel deteriorated significantly , and three fatigue factors including "somatic", "mental"and "neurosensory"factors were all considerably increased .(2) The levels of formaldehyde and SO 2 in some cabins exceeded the permissible limits .Conclusion The fatigue status among the ship crew after deployment at sea obviously deteriorated , as compared with that before deployment .The levels of harmful gases in some cabins exceeded the limits as specified in the standards , which could worsen the fatigue status among the ship crew.

Objective Metabolomics and radioimmunoassay technologies were used to analyze the effects of acceleration exposure on the levels of human serum metabolites , stress-related hormones and such gastrointestinal regulatory factors as resistin and leptin , so as to provide new scientific evidence for the mechanism of gastrointestinal symptoms in motion sickness .Methods Sixty volunteers were recruited and exposed to abnormal acceleration for 15 minutes by using a 6-degree-of-freedom ship motion simulator .The severity of motion sickness was measured by Graybiel Scale; gas chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry ( GC-TOF/MS ) was used to detect serum metabolites in the human subjects; serum glucocorticoid, adrenaline, arginine vasopressin ( AVP ), insulin, resistin and leptin were detected by radioimmunoassay and ELISA .Results ( 1 ) The incidence of motion sickness was 72%.( 2 ) Acceleration exposure could induce significant changes in the levels of serum metabolites in the subjects , of which glucose and N-dodecanoic acid levels were significantly higher than those before exposure , while L-serine and L-threonine levels were significantly decreased after exposure (P<0.05).(3) Acceleration exposure could cause decrease in the level of serum insulin [ (21.03 ±6.78) mIU/L before exposure,(14.97 ±2.94)mIU/L after exposure], and increase in the level of glucagon , glucocorticoid, epinephrine and arginine vasopressin (AVP) [ (18.06 ±5.72)ng/L,(212.88 ±61.37)μg/L,(88.41 ±35.72)ng/L and(10.80 ±7.30)ng/L before exposure;(20.40 ±5.48)ng/L,(293.34 ±50.91)μg/L,(132.83 ±67.25 )ng/L and(51.35 ±8.24)ng/L after exposure] respectively(P<0.05 or P<0.001).(4) Acceleration exposure could also decrease the levels of gastric inhibitory peptide ( GIP), leptin,resistin, but increase the level of ghrelin [ (170.34 ±82.64) nmol/L,(744.03 ±438.46)μg/L,(6687.96 ±3289.18)μg/L and (136.43 ±74.75) ng/L before exposure;(41.05 ±17.91) nmol/L,(409.95 ±347.95)μg/L,(2615.56 ±1345.61)μg/L and (210.85 ±109.01) ng/L after exposure] respectively(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Conclusions Our study indicated that stress could be induced by acceleration exposure , resulting in significant changes in the levels of stress-related hormones and gastrointestinal regulatory factors , as well as serum metabolites .

Objective To find out the relationship between the fatigue level,environment and mental status by exploring the differences in field army soldiers,naval shipboard personnel and cadets,so as to provide scientific evidences for:the promotion of health of the 3 military populations; the development of practical recommendations and countermeasures in the medical support for the 3 military populations; improvemcnt of their life quality; and most importantly their utter devotion to national defense.Methods Questionnaires were conducted among the 3 military populations (field army soldiers,naval shipboard personnel and cadets) by using "the Fatigue Symptoms Questionnaire" (FSQ),"the Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire" (SCSQ) and " the Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire" (ATQ).The data acquired were analyzed by SPSS21 software package.Results The rank of order for the seriousness of fatigue was:first the soldiers,second the naval shipboard personnel and last the cadets.From the standpoint of physical factor,soldiers showed the highest level of fatigue,followed by naval shipboard personnel and cadets.From the aspect of mental factor,shipboard personnel displayed the highest level of fatigue,followed by soldiers and cadets.In terms of sensory nerve fatigue,the rank of order for the seriousness of fatigue was:first the soldiers,second the shipboard personnel and last the cadets.For positive coping style,the rank of order from the highest to the lowest were:cadets,shipboard personnel and soldiers.The rank of order for negative coping style from the highest to the lowest was:soldiers,cadets and shipboard personnel.Conclusions The seriousness of fatigue in 3 military populations was significantly different,which might be correlated with their coping styles.

Objective Metabolomics and radioimmunoassay technologies were used to analyze the effects of acceleration exposure on the levels of human serum metabolites , stress-related hormones and such gastrointestinal regulatory factors as resistin and leptin , so as to provide new scientific evidence for the mechanism of gastrointestinal symptoms in motion sickness .Methods Sixty volunteers were recruited and exposed to abnormal acceleration for 15 minutes by using a 6-degree-of-freedom ship motion simulator .The severity of motion sickness was measured by Graybiel Scale; gas chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry ( GC-TOF/MS ) was used to detect serum metabolites in the human subjects; serum glucocorticoid, adrenaline, arginine vasopressin ( AVP ), insulin, resistin and leptin were detected by radioimmunoassay and ELISA .Results ( 1 ) The incidence of motion sickness was 72%.( 2 ) Acceleration exposure could induce significant changes in the levels of serum metabolites in the subjects , of which glucose and N-dodecanoic acid levels were significantly higher than those before exposure , while L-serine and L-threonine levels were significantly decreased after exposure (P<0.05).(3) Acceleration exposure could cause decrease in the level of serum insulin [ (21.03 ±6.78) mIU/L before exposure,(14.97 ±2.94)mIU/L after exposure], and increase in the level of glucagon , glucocorticoid, epinephrine and arginine vasopressin (AVP) [ (18.06 ±5.72)ng/L,(212.88 ±61.37)μg/L,(88.41 ±35.72)ng/L and(10.80 ±7.30)ng/L before exposure;(20.40 ±5.48)ng/L,(293.34 ±50.91)μg/L,(132.83 ±67.25 )ng/L and(51.35 ±8.24)ng/L after exposure] respectively(P<0.05 or P<0.001).(4) Acceleration exposure could also decrease the levels of gastric inhibitory peptide ( GIP), leptin,resistin, but increase the level of ghrelin [ (170.34 ±82.64) nmol/L,(744.03 ±438.46)μg/L,(6687.96 ±3289.18)μg/L and (136.43 ±74.75) ng/L before exposure;(41.05 ±17.91) nmol/L,(409.95 ±347.95)μg/L,(2615.56 ±1345.61)μg/L and (210.85 ±109.01) ng/L after exposure] respectively(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Conclusions Our study indicated that stress could be induced by acceleration exposure , resulting in significant changes in the levels of stress-related hormones and gastrointestinal regulatory factors , as well as serum metabolites .

Objective To find out the relationship between the fatigue level,environment and mental status by exploring the differences in field army soldiers,naval shipboard personnel and cadets,so as to provide scientific evidences for:the promotion of health of the 3 military populations; the development of practical recommendations and countermeasures in the medical support for the 3 military populations; improvemcnt of their life quality; and most importantly their utter devotion to national defense.Methods Questionnaires were conducted among the 3 military populations (field army soldiers,naval shipboard personnel and cadets) by using "the Fatigue Symptoms Questionnaire" (FSQ),"the Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire" (SCSQ) and " the Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire" (ATQ).The data acquired were analyzed by SPSS21 software package.Results The rank of order for the seriousness of fatigue was:first the soldiers,second the naval shipboard personnel and last the cadets.From the standpoint of physical factor,soldiers showed the highest level of fatigue,followed by naval shipboard personnel and cadets.From the aspect of mental factor,shipboard personnel displayed the highest level of fatigue,followed by soldiers and cadets.In terms of sensory nerve fatigue,the rank of order for the seriousness of fatigue was:first the soldiers,second the shipboard personnel and last the cadets.For positive coping style,the rank of order from the highest to the lowest were:cadets,shipboard personnel and soldiers.The rank of order for negative coping style from the highest to the lowest was:soldiers,cadets and shipboard personnel.Conclusions The seriousness of fatigue in 3 military populations was significantly different,which might be correlated with their coping styles.

TRAF4 is a unique member of TRAF family, which is essential for innate immune response, nervous system and other systems. In addition to be an adaptor protein, TRAF4 was identified as a regulator protein in recent studies. We have determined the crystal structure of TRAF domain of TRAF4 (residues 292-466) at 2.60 Å resolution by X-ray crystallography method. The trimericly assembled TRAF4 resembles a mushroom shape, containing a super helical "stalk" which is made of three right-handed intertwined α helixes and a C-terminal "cap", which is divided at residue L302 as a boundary. Similar to other TRAFs, both intermolecular hydrophobic interaction in super helical "stalk" and hydrogen bonds in "cap" regions contribute directly to the formation of TRAF4 trimer. However, differing from other TRAFs, there is an additional flexible loop (residues 421-426), which contains a previously identified phosphorylated site S426 exposing on the surface. This S426 was reported to be phosphorylated by IKKα which is the pre-requisite for TRAF4-NOD2 complex formation and thus to inhibit NOD2-induced NF-κB activation. Therefore, the crystal structure of TRAF4-TRAF is valuable for understanding its molecular basis for its special function and provides structural information for further studies.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Binding Sites ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Humans ; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions ; Models, Molecular ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Conformation, alpha-Helical ; Protein Domains ; Protein Structure, Quaternary ; Recombinant Proteins ; chemistry ; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid ; TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 4 ; chemistry