After continuous development and improvement, lung transplantation has become the preferred means to treat a variety of benign end-stage lung diseases. However, the field of lung transplantation still faces many challenges, including shortage of donor resources, preservation and maintenance of donor lungs, and postoperative complications. Lung tissue samples removed after lung transplantation are excellent clinical resources for the study of benign end-stage lung disease and perioperative complications of lung transplantation. However, at present, the collection, storage and utilization of tissue samples after lung transplantation are limited to a single study, and unified technical specifications have not been formed. Based on the construction plan of the biobank for lung transplantation in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, this study reviewed the practical experience in the collection, storage and utilization of lung transplant tissue samples in the aspects of ethical review, staffing, collection process, storage method, quality control and efficient utilization, in order to provide references for lung transplant related research.

Objective: Para-aortic lymph node dissection (PALND) is a widely used treatment that causes many complications. This study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of nerve-sparing para-aortic lymph node dissection (NSPALND) by comparing it with conventional PALND in gynecological malignancies and to prove whether locating the superior hypogastric plexus (SHP) can help reveal the para-aortic nerves. Methods: This is a retrospective study of the patients who underwent para-aortic lymphadenectomy from January 2020 to December 2022 at Zhejiang Cancer Hospital. All of them were divided into NSPALND and PALND groups according to whether or not nervesparing was performed. The surgical, functional and oncological outcomes were evaluated. Results: There were 43 patients enrolled, of which, 20 patients underwent NSPALND and 23 patients underwent PALND. The para-aortic nerves were successfully revealed by locating the SHP in all 20 cases of NSPALND. The post-operative anal exhaust time in the NSPALND group was significantly shorter than that in the PALND group (2.5 vs. 4 days, p=0.006), and the incidence of acute intestinal obstruction in the NSPALND group was significantly lower than that in the PALND group (10% vs. 39%, p=0.029). There was no difference between the two groups in terms of catheterization duration, urinary retention, dysuria, as well as the number of lymph nodes removed and the para-aortic recurrence rate. Conclusion NSPALND can significantly reduce the rate of acute intestinal obstruction and improve post-operative intestinal function. Locating the SHP and using it as an anatomical landmark to reveal the para-aortic nerves is feasible. Its exact clinical value needs to be further studied.

Objective: Para-aortic lymph node dissection (PALND) is a widely used treatment that causes many complications. This study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of nerve-sparing para-aortic lymph node dissection (NSPALND) by comparing it with conventional PALND in gynecological malignancies and to prove whether locating the superior hypogastric plexus (SHP) can help reveal the para-aortic nerves. Methods: This is a retrospective study of the patients who underwent para-aortic lymphadenectomy from January 2020 to December 2022 at Zhejiang Cancer Hospital. All of them were divided into NSPALND and PALND groups according to whether or not nervesparing was performed. The surgical, functional and oncological outcomes were evaluated. Results: There were 43 patients enrolled, of which, 20 patients underwent NSPALND and 23 patients underwent PALND. The para-aortic nerves were successfully revealed by locating the SHP in all 20 cases of NSPALND. The post-operative anal exhaust time in the NSPALND group was significantly shorter than that in the PALND group (2.5 vs. 4 days, p=0.006), and the incidence of acute intestinal obstruction in the NSPALND group was significantly lower than that in the PALND group (10% vs. 39%, p=0.029). There was no difference between the two groups in terms of catheterization duration, urinary retention, dysuria, as well as the number of lymph nodes removed and the para-aortic recurrence rate. Conclusion NSPALND can significantly reduce the rate of acute intestinal obstruction and improve post-operative intestinal function. Locating the SHP and using it as an anatomical landmark to reveal the para-aortic nerves is feasible. Its exact clinical value needs to be further studied.

Objective: Para-aortic lymph node dissection (PALND) is a widely used treatment that causes many complications. This study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of nerve-sparing para-aortic lymph node dissection (NSPALND) by comparing it with conventional PALND in gynecological malignancies and to prove whether locating the superior hypogastric plexus (SHP) can help reveal the para-aortic nerves. Methods: This is a retrospective study of the patients who underwent para-aortic lymphadenectomy from January 2020 to December 2022 at Zhejiang Cancer Hospital. All of them were divided into NSPALND and PALND groups according to whether or not nervesparing was performed. The surgical, functional and oncological outcomes were evaluated. Results: There were 43 patients enrolled, of which, 20 patients underwent NSPALND and 23 patients underwent PALND. The para-aortic nerves were successfully revealed by locating the SHP in all 20 cases of NSPALND. The post-operative anal exhaust time in the NSPALND group was significantly shorter than that in the PALND group (2.5 vs. 4 days, p=0.006), and the incidence of acute intestinal obstruction in the NSPALND group was significantly lower than that in the PALND group (10% vs. 39%, p=0.029). There was no difference between the two groups in terms of catheterization duration, urinary retention, dysuria, as well as the number of lymph nodes removed and the para-aortic recurrence rate. Conclusion NSPALND can significantly reduce the rate of acute intestinal obstruction and improve post-operative intestinal function. Locating the SHP and using it as an anatomical landmark to reveal the para-aortic nerves is feasible. Its exact clinical value needs to be further studied.

Objective To investigate risk factors for short-term residual symptoms after resolution of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo （BPPV） through logistic regression analysis. Methods A total of 110 patients with BPPV in our hospital from July 2020 to January 2023 were enrolled. The patients were grouped according to whether they were cured or had residual symptoms at 8 weeks after repositioning maneuvers. A logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors for short-term residual symptoms after treatment. Results Forty-nine of the 110 patients had short-term residual symptoms. The univariable logistic regression analyses showed that age， the duration of vertigo before treatment， recurrence， medical history （hypertension， diabetes， and ischemic cerebrovascular disease）， anxiety， depression， sleep quality， and vestibular evoked myogenic potential were risk factors for short-term residual symptoms in patients with BPPV. The multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that age （OR=0.942，95%CI 0.913-0.972，P<0.001）， the duration of vertigo before treatment（OR=0.333，95%CI 1.015~1.019，P=0.002），recurrence（OR=0.777，95%CI 0.726-0.832，P<0.001）， a history of hypertension（OR=0.682，95%CI 0.624-0.745，P<0.001）， a history of diabetes（OR=0.854，95%CI 0.791-0.922，P<0.001），a history of ischemic cerebrovascular disease（OR=0.876，95%CI 0.806-0.953，P=0.002）， anxiety（OR=1.158，95%CI 1.046-1.283，P=0.005），depression（OR=1.178，95%CI 1.033-1.344，P=0.014），sleep quality（OR=1.164，95%CI 1.009-1.343，P=0.037）， and vestibular evoked myogenic potential（OR=1.196，95%CI 1.068-1.340，P=0.002） were independent risk factors for short-term residual symptoms in patients with BPPV. Conclusion Patients with BPPV are more likely to have short-term residual symptoms if they have a history of hypertension， diabetes， or cerebrovascular diseases， advanced age， a long duration of vertigo before treatment， and the presence of emotional disorders （anxiety， depression， sleep deficiency， vestibular evoked myogenic potential abnormalities）.

ObjectiveRecent studies have highlighted the critical role of NUDT19 in the initiation, progression, and prognosis of specific cancer types. However, its involvement in pan-cancer analysis has not been fully characterized. This study aims to systematically explore the expression patterns, clinical significance, and immune-related functions of NUDT19 in various cancer types through multi-omics analysis, further revealing its potential role in cancer, particularly its functional and therapeutic target value in leukemia. MethodsTo achieve this goal, various bioinformatics approaches were employed to evaluate the expression patterns, clinical significance, and immune-related functions of NUDT19 in tumors and normal tissues. Additionally, we analyzed the mutation characteristics of NUDT19 and its relationship with epigenetic modifications. Using the single-cell analysis tool SingleCellBase, we explored the distribution of NUDT19 across different cell subpopulations in tumors. To validate these findings, qRT-PCR was used to measure NUDT19 expression levels in specific tumor cell lines, and we established acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cell lines (HL-60 and THP-1) to conduct NUDT19 knockdown and overexpression experiments, assessing its effects on leukemia cell proliferation, apoptosis, and invasion. ResultsPan-cancer analysis revealed the dysregulated expression of NUDT19 across multiple cancer types, which was closely associated with poor prognosis, clinical staging, and diagnostic markers. Furthermore, NUDT19 was significantly correlated with tumor biomarkers, immune-related genes, and immune cell infiltration in different cancers. Mutation analysis showed that multiple mutations in NUDT19 were significantly associated with epigenetic changes. Single-cell analysis revealed the heterogeneity of NUDT19 expression in cancer cells, suggesting its potentially diverse functional roles in different cell subpopulations. qRT-PCR experiments confirmed the significant upregulation of NUDT19 in various tumor cell lines. In AML cell lines, NUDT19 knockdown led to reduced cell proliferation and invasion, with increased apoptosis, while NUDT19 overexpression significantly enhanced cell proliferation and invasion while reducing apoptosis. ConclusionThis study demonstrates the diverse roles of NUDT19 in various cancer types, with a particularly prominent functional role in leukemia. NUDT19 is not only associated with tumor initiation and progression but may also influence cancer progression through the regulation of immune microenvironment and epigenetic mechanisms. Our research highlights the potential of NUDT19 as a therapeutic target, particularly for targeted therapies in malignancies such as leukemia, with significant clinical application prospects.

Objective To develop a two-dimensional liquid chromatographic method for rifapentine blood concentration determination.Methods The blood concentration of rifapentine was determined by a novel two-dimensional liquid chromatography(2D-LC)with a one-dimensional column:Aston SC2T(3.5 mm ×50.0 mm,5 μm);a two-dimensional column:Aston SCB(4.6 mm ×250.0 mm,5 μm);the temperature of the column was 40 ℃;the flow rate was 1.0 mL·min-1;the detection wavelength was 335 nm;the injection volume was 300 μL.The specificity,standard curve and lower limit of quantification,precision and recovery,and stability of the method were investigated.The method was used to determine the blood concentration of rifapentine in tuberculosis patients.Results Rifapentine showed good linearity within 0.33-18.62 μg·mL-1 with the standard curve equation of y=2.68 x 105x-5 850.36(r=0.997),the recoveries were 99.81％-105.08％,and the intra-and inter-day precision were ≤4.84％.The results of rifapentine blood concentration measurements in tuberculosis patients were in the range of 0.10-54.70μg·mL-1,and 64.74％were within the therapeutic window concentration range(8-30 μg·mL-1).Conclusion The method is easy to operate,has high sensitivity,low detection limit and high specificity,and is suitable for clinical blood concentration determination.Individual differences in the administration of rifapentine in tuberculosis patients are large,and blood concentration monitoring is required for individualized treatment.

Objective To investigate the value of computer-assisted quantification of pulmonary embolism volume(PEV)in identifying mild-to-high-risk acute pulmonary embolism(APE).Methods We retrospectively enrolled 143 patients with suspected APE confirmed by computed tomography pulmonary angiography(CTPA)at Yan'an University Affiliated Hospital from January 2017 to December 2020.According to the 2018 Chinese Guidelines for Diagnosis,Treatment and Prevention of Pulmonary Thromboembolism,all the patients were divided into low-risk group(n=88)and mild-to-high-risk group(n=55).We collected the patients'basic demographic data,clinical manifestations,and serum levels of N-terminal-B type natriuretic peptide precursor(NT-proBNP)and D-dimer.Based on CTPA images,the degree of pulmonary thromboembolism was artificially evaluated to obtain the pulmonary artery occlusion index(PAOI).The thrombus was segmented using the pulmonary embolism detection tool based on digital lung,and PEV was calculated.We compared the differences in clinical and laboratory indicators and PAOI and PEV between the two risk groups.We analyzed the value of PAOI and PEV in identifying mild-to-high-risk APE using receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves,and used Logistic regression analysis to identify independent risk factors in predicting mild-to-high-risk APE.Different models were established.Results Compared with the low-risk group,APE patients in the mild-to-high-risk group were older(P＜0.05),had lower diastolic blood pressure(P＜0.05),higher levels of D-dimer and NT-proBNP(P＜0.05),lower levels of platelet count,arterial oxygen partial pressure and arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure(P＜0.05),and higher levels of PAOI and PEV(P＜0.001).ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve for PEV in identifying mild-to-high-risk APE was 0.809(95％CI:0.734-0.884),while that for PAOI was 0.753(95％CI:0.667-0.839).Logistic regression analysis showed that PEV and NT-proBNP were independent risk factors for mild-to-high-risk APE(P＜0.05).Conclusion PEV and NT-proBNP are independent risk factors for mild-to-high-risk APE.

Objective To investigate the effects of glutathiones-transferase (GST) T1, GSTM1 and epoxide hydrolase (EPHX1) genes on skin injury in workers exposed to coal tar pitch. Methods Workers from a carbon manufacturing company involved in coal tar pitch production and use were selected as the study subjects using a judgment sampling method. Workers with skin injury after exposed to coal tar were selected as the case group (55 cases), and those with the same workshop and type of work but without skin abnormalities were selected as the control group (197 cases). Urine and blood samples were collected from the workers, and levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon metabolites, including 1-pyrenol (1-OH-P), 1-naphthol (1-OH-N) and 2-naphthol (2-OH-N), in urine were measured using ultra high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. The GSTT1, GSTM1 and EPHX1 genes in blood were detected by polymerase chain reaction. Results In the case group, all 55 workers reported skin stinging, 25 workers reported itching and flaking, and 15 workers reported blackheads and pigmentation. Urinary levels of 1-OH-N and 2-OH-N were lower in the worker in the case group than that in the control group (all P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the level of 1-OH-P between the two groups (P>0.05). There were significant differences in the number of workers with GSTT1, GSTM1 and EPHX1(His139His) genes between the two groups (all P<0.01). The GSTT1 and GSTM1 genes were positively correlated with post-shift urinary levels of 1-OH-N, 1-OH-P, and 2-OH-N (all P<0.01). The EPHX1 (139Arg locus) gene was positively correlated with post-shift 2-OH-N levels (P=0.03). The GSTT1, GSTM1, and EPHX1 (139Arg locus) genes were associated with reduced skin damage among coal tar workers (all P<0.01), after controlling for age, length of service, gender, smoking, and alcohol consumption. Conclusion Exposure to coal tar pitch can cause skin injury in workers, and the GSTT1, GSTM1, and EPHX1 (139Arg locus) genes are protective factors against skin injury in those workers.

In recent years, with the development of organ preservation, surgical techniques, perioperative management and immunosuppression regimens, the success rate of liver transplantation and survival rate of the recipients have been significantly enhanced. Liver transplantation has become the optimal treatment for patients with end-stage liver disease. However, biliary complications still commonly occur after liver transplantation, especially biliary anastomotic stricture. Severe biliary anastomotic stricture will not only increase the cost of treatment, but also lead to graft loss and even affect the survival rate of recipients. Therefore, timely diagnosis and treatment of biliary anastomotic stricture play a significant role in improving the survival rate of liver transplant recipients. In this article, the risk factors, clinical symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of biliary anastomotic stricture after liver transplantation were reviewed, aiming to provide novel ideas for the research, diagnosis and treatment of biliary anastomotic stricture after liver transplantation, and further enhance clinical efficacy of liver transplantation and the quality of life of recipients.