ObjectiveTo conduct an epidemiological investigation and analysis of a clustered scabies outbreak in a middle school, so as to provide evidence for developing targeted prevention and control strategies. MethodsCase data on a clustered scabies outbreak occurring in a middle school of Shaanxi Province in 2025 were collected. Field epidemiological approaches were adopted to define cases, search for infected individuals, and describe the temporal, spatial, and population distribution. Specimens were collected from individuals and surrounding environments for laboratory testing. ResultsA total of 25 scabies cases were identified in 4 classes and 9 dormitories of the school. All cases were first-year high school students. The overall attack rate was 6.00% (25/414); the attack rate was 10.53% (22/209) among male students and 1.46% (3/205) among female students. The disease course ranged from 10 to 30 days, with a median duration of 14 days, and 3 students (12.00%) continued attending classes with ongoing infection. Skin scrapings collected from lesion sites of 3 patients were examined under microscopy, all of which were positive for Sarcoptes scabiei; no laboratory testing was performed for the remaining cases. This clustered scabies infection outbreak lasted for one month. All affected students recovered completely without severe complications or deaths, and the outbreak was effectively contained. ConclusionThis scabies infection is a clustered school-based scabies outbreak caused by Sarcoptes scabiei. Affected patients present relatively severe symptoms and a prolonged disease course. Scientific and standardized preventive systems should be established to enable timely early warning and emergency response.

AIM:To establish a transtheoretical model(TTM)-based health management protocol for pediatric dry eye disease, and explore its practical application value in the clinical management of pediatric dry eye disease.METHODS: This was a prospective study. Children diagnosed with dry eye disease in the ophthalmology outpatient department from January to June 2025 were enrolled and randomly assigned to a control group and a management group. The control group received routine symptomatic treatment for dry eye, whereas the management group received TTM-based health management interventions in addition to conventional treatment, with a total intervention duration of 6 mo. Subjective symptoms were assessed using the ocular surface disease index(OSDI)and Dry Eyerelated Quality of Life Score(DEQS)at baseline, 1-month, 3-month and 6-month follow-up visits. Slitlamp biomicroscopy, tear film break-up time(BUT), Schirmer's I test(SIt), corneal fluorescein staining(FL), and doublepass optical quality measurement were conducted. Modulation transfer function cutoff frequency(MTF cutoff), Strehl ratio(SR), and objective scattering index(OSI)were recorded. All outcome indicators were compared between the two groups.RESULTS: A total of 235 children completed the follow-up, including 118 in the management group(64 males, 54 females; mean age 11.31±1.92 y)and 117 in the control group(60 males, 57 females; mean age 11.08±1.85 y). There was no significant difference in the indexes between the two groups before treatment(all P>0.05). At 1, 3, and 6 mo after intervention, BUT, SIt, MTF cutoff, and SR values were significantly increased in both groups compared with baseline, whereas OSDI, DEQS, FL, and OSI were significantly decreased(all P<0.05). At 1 mo posttreatment, there was no significant difference in the indexes between the two groups(all P>0.05). At 3 and 6 mo, the management group exhibited significantly higher BUT, SIt, MTF cutoff, and SR, as well as significantly lower OSDI, DEQS, FL, and OSI than the control group(all P<0.05).CONCLUSION: The TTM-centered health management model can effectively improve the ocular surface status and visual function of pediatric dry eyedisease and relieve dry eye symptoms, which exerts a remarkable effect on consolidating the long-term therapeutic efficacy of pediatric dry eye.

18F-FDG PET/CT static imaging plays a crucial role in the diagnosis, staging, and efficacy assessment of lung cancer. Semi-quantitative analysis using metabolic parameters, such as SUV, provide essential metabolic information for clinical decision-making. However, SUV is influenced by patient factors, acquisition time, and reconstruction algorithms. Dynamic imaging allows continuous assessment of the metabolic changes in lesions over a specific period, using dynamic parameters like the net uptake rate constant for quantitative analysis. Dynamic imaging provides important complementary information to static imaging, offering more precise information for the diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer. This article focuses on the applications of dynamic imaging in the diagnosis of lung cancer, lymph node staging, evaluation of immunotherapy efficacy, and optimization of scanning protocols, providing a comprehensive review of the research progress of dynamic 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging in the management of lung cancer.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of Tongdu Tiaoshen acupuncture combined with low-frequency electrical pulse in the treatment of neurogenic bladder (NB) caused by spinal cord injury (SCI); To explore its effects on urodynamics.Methods:A randomized controlled trial study was conducted. A total of 116 patients with NB caused by SCI in the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine from January 2022 to June 2024 were selected as the observation objects and divided into 2 groups with random number table method, with 58 cases in each group. On the basis of conventional bladder function training, the control group was given low-frequency electronic pulse therapy, while the observation group was treated with the Tongdu Tiaoshen method on the basis of the control group. Both groups were treated continuously for 3 months. The urination conditions of the patients were observed before and after the treatment respectively, and the residual urine volume, single urine volume within 24 hours, the number of urine leaks within 24 hours, and the number of urinations within 24 hours were recorded; urodynamic parameters such as bladder volume, urine flow rate, detrusor pressure, bladder compliance, and detrusor contractility were measured using a urodynamic analyzer; the severity of NB symptoms was evaluated using the Chinese version of the Neurogenic Bladder Symptom Scale (NBSS), and the quality of life was evaluated using the Chinese version of the Short Form Health Assessment Scale (SF-Qualiveen). The levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α were detected by ELISA. Adverse reactions were recorded during the treatment period and the clinical efficacy was evaluated.Results:The total effective rate was 91.38% (53/58) in the observation group and 75.86% (44/58) in the control group. There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups ( χ2=5.10, P=0.024). After treatment, the residual urine volume, single urine volume within 24 hours, frequency of urine leakage within 24 hours, and frequency of urination within 24 hours in the observation group were lower than those in the control group ( t values were -15.68, 3.75, -3.81, and -7.54 respectively, P<0.01). The bladder capacity, urine flow rate, detrusor pressure, bladder compliance and detrusor contractility were higher than those of the control group ( t values were 11.04, 7.49, 9.76, 5.65 and 4.36 respectively, P<0.01), while the NBSS score and SF-Qualiveen score were lower than those of the control group ( t values were -10.82 and -9.83 respectively, P<0.01). No obvious adverse reactions occurred in either group during the treatment period. Conclusion:Tongdu Tiaoshen acupuncture combined with low-frequency electrical pulses can improve the bladder function of NB caused by SCI, restore urodynamics, and improve the quality of life. Its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of inflammatory responses.

Objective:To observe the relationship between preoperative controlling nutritional status(CONUT)score and cognitive impairment,as well as short-term prognosis after intravenous thrombolysis(IVT)in patients with acute ischemic stroke(AIS).Methods:187 patients with AIS who were admitted to Shandong Provincial Third Hospital from January 2023 to May 2024 were selected,they were divided into non cognitive impairment group(n=106)and cognitive impairment group(n=81)based on whether cognitive impairment occurred,they were divided into poor prognosis group(n=58 cases)and good prognosis group(n=129 cases)according to the prognosis.Preoperative CONUT scores of patients with AIS for different cognitive impairments and prognoses were compared,correlation was analyzed by Spearman rank correlation,influencing factors were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression model.Results:Preoperative CONUT score in the cognitive impairment group was higher than that in the non cognitive impairment group(P＜0.05).Preoperative CONUT score in the poor prognosis group was higher than that in the good prognosis group(P＜0.05).Spearman rank correlation test results showed that,preoperative CONUT score was positively correlated with cognitive impairment and short-term prognosis after IVT(P＜0.05).Cognitive impairment were associated with age,concomitant hypertension,baseline national institutes of health stroke scale(NIHSS)score,and 25 hydroxyvitamin D3[25-(OH)2D3](P＜0.05).Age increase,concomitant hypertension,baseline NIHSS score increase,25-(OH)2D3 decrease,preoperative CONUT score increase were risk factors for cognitive impairment in patients with AIS(P＜0.05).Conclusion:Preoperative CONUT score increase is positively correlated with cognitive impairment and short-term prognosis after IVT.Meanwhile,age increase,concomitant hypertension,baseline NIHSS score increase,25-(OH)2D3 decrease,preoperative CONUT score increase are risk factors for cognitive impairment in patient with AIS.

Objective:To observe the relationship between the severity of acute pancreatitis(AP)and anxiety,quality of life and nutritional status.Methods:157 AP patients who were admitted to Shandong Provincial Third Hospital from January 2021 to May 2024 were included,they were divided into severe AP(SAP)group(n=68)and non-SAP(NSAP)group(n=89)according to the severity of the disease.The geriatric nutritional risk index(GNRI),self-rating anxiety scale(SAS)and short form-36 healthsurvey(SF-36)were compared between SAP group and NSAP group.Spearman was used to analyze the correlation between the severity of AP patients with anxiety,quality of life and nutritional status.General data of AP patients were collected,and the influencing factors of SAP occurrence were analyzed by univariate and multivariate logistic analysis.Results:SAS scores in SAP group was higher than that in NSAP group,and GNRI and SF-36 scores were lower than those in NSAP group(P＜0.05).The severity of AP patients was positively correlated with SAS scores,but negatively correlated with GNRI and SF-36 scores(P＜0.05).There were significant differences in age,length of stay,white blood cell count(WBC),blood amylase,serum albumin(HAS),lymphocyte count,blood calcium,urea nitrogen(BUN),D-dimer,fibrinogen,neutrophil count,alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate transferase(AST),platelet count,procalcitonin(PCT),total bilirubin(DBIL),interleukin-6(IL-6),prothrombin time,and acute pancreatitis severity Bedside index(BISAP)scores in SAP group and NSAP group(P＜0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that,high age,high PCT,high DBIL,high BISAP score,low GNRI,low SF-36 score and high SAS score were risk factors for AP patients of SAP occurrence,and high blood calcium was protective factor(P＜0.05).Conclusion:The severity of AP is associated with anxiety,malnutrition and low quality of life.High age,high PCT,high DBIL,high BISAP score,low GNRI,low SF-36 score and high SAS score are the risk factors for AP patients of SAP occurrence,and high blood calcium is the protective factor.

Aim To establish a simple and practical method for visualizing neurovascular coupling in the mouse barrel cortex in vivo.Methods Male C57BL/6J mice received stereotaxic in-jections of pAAV-hSyn-jGCaMP7s-WPRE into the barrel cortex to monitor neuronal activity.Three weeks post-injection,a crani-al window was implanted,and TRITC-Dextran 155 ku was ad-ministered intravenously to visualize the vasculature and blood flow dynamics.A custom-built whisker stimulator was used to e-voke controlled neuronal excitation.Two-photon microscopy was employed to monitor neuronal and vascular responses to whisker stimulation in real-time.Results Neuronal calcium signals and plasma signals were clearly observed using two-photon microsco-py.Whisker stimulation led to a significant increase in neuronal calcium signals in the barrel cortex,indicating effective neuronal activation.This neuronal excitation was accompanied by a syn-chronous increase in blood vessel diameter,blood flow velocity and overall blood flow.Conclusions This study successfully establishes a three-dimensional visualization framework(spatial,temporal,and functional)for in vivo visualization of neurovascu-lar coupling in the mouse barrel cortex,which provides a useful tool for investigating the pathophysiological mechanisms of neuro-vascular dysfunction and evaluating the efficacy of potential ther-apies.

Objective:To investigate the detection status of serological markers for hepatitis B virus (HBV) among Tibetan college students and their relationship with HBV- deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) load.Methods:A cross-sectional study was carried out to retrospectively analyze data from 1 514 Tibetan college students who visited the Affiliated Hospital of Xizang Minzu University for consultations or health examinations between June 1, 2021 and June 1, 2022. The prevalence of HBV infection among these students was analyzed, the primary epidemiological patterns of HBV markers were identified, and their relationship with HBV-DNA load was determined.Results:The positive rate of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) among the 1 514 Tibetan college students was 6.7% (101/1 514), while the positive rate for Hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb) was 42.2% (639/1 514). The primary serological pattern of HBV infection consisted of positive results for HBsAg, HBeAg, and HBcAb, which accounted for 48.5% of cases. This pattern showed significantly higher rates of HBV-DNA positivity and elevated viral load compared with other serological patterns ( χ2 = 8.70, P < 0.05). Conclusions:The HBV infection rate among Tibetan college students is 6.7%. The primary infection pattern is characterized by positive tests for HBsAg, HBeAg, and HBcAb, with an HBV-DNA positivity rate as high as 87.0% and elevated viral loads.

Ferric oxide/nitrogen-doped carbon nanomaterials(Fe2O3/N-C)with high oxidase-like activity were successfully synthesized via the wet chemistry and pyrolysis method using pyrrole and 1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylic acid as raw materials and ferric chloride as the oxidant.The structure and morphology of Fe2O3/N-C were characterized by the techniques including scanning electron microscopy,surface scanning elemental analysis,X-ray diffraction,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.It was revealed that Fe2O3/N-C could efficiently catalyze the conversion of colorless 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine(TMB)into blue-colored oxidized TMB(oxTMB).Based on the principle that ascorbic acid(AA)could inhibit the catalytic color-development reaction of Fe2O3/N-C on TMB,resulting in a paler color and a reduction in the absorbance of the system,a colorimetric sensor for sensitive and accurate detection of AA was constructed.The linear range of the sensor for AA detection was 0.25-30.0 μmol/L,and the detection limit was 0.1 μmol/L.Moreover,it was successfully applied to determination of AA in beverage and tablet samples with satisfactory results.

Thyroid hormone（TH）plays an important role in human development and is involved in gene and protein expression in almost all tissues，especially in the development of the central nervous system.TH requires a TH transporter to enter the cell，and three families of TH transporter proteins are known，namely monocarboxylate transporters（MCTs），organic anion transporting polypeptides（OATPs）and L-type amino acid transporter（LAT）.MCT8 has been found to be a specific TH transporter，and OATP1C1 also plays an important role.Deficiency of TH transporters may lead to different degrees of dysfunction in the nervous system and endocrine system.Currently，more studies have been conducted on MCT8 deficiency，which presents with characteristic psychomotor retardation and TH abnormalities，and there are no specific treatment options.In this paper，we summarize the research progress on clinical phenotype，pathogenic mechanism，and treatment of thyroid hormone transporter defects related diseases to provide reference for clinical research.