Objective To investigate the prevalence and related factors of sarcopenia among non–bedridden older adults in the community of Baoshan District using the China mini sarcopenia risk assessment 7 (C-MSRA-7) combined with Ishii scoring system. Methods The older individuals consulting at 20 community health stations in Baoshan District between April 2025 and June 2025 were enrolled. Data were collected using a general information questionnaire, a dietary and lifestyle habits survey, the C-MSRA-7, and the mini nutritional assessment-short form (MNA-SF). Handgrip strength and anthropometric measurements were also obtained. Individuals with both Ishii score and C-MSRA-7 results positive were classified into the sarcopenia risk group, while the remaining participants were assigned to the non–sarcopenia risk group. Differences in lifestyle habits, dietary patterns, and nutritional status between the two groups were compared. Results A total of 2 611 valid questionnaires were retrieved. Univariate analysis showed statistically significant differences in alcohol consumption, physical activity frequency, body mass index (BMI), nutritional status, activities of daily living, and regularity of three meals in sarcopenia risk group (n＝486) and non–sarcopenia risk group (n＝2 125, P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that advanced age (75–84 years: OR＝2.55, 95%CI 2.03–3.21; ≥85 years: OR＝3.98, 95%CI 2.24–7.07), underweight status (OR＝2.19, 95%CI 1.50–3.19), weight loss＞2 kg (OR＝4.52, 95%CI 2.68–7.64) past 3 months, lack of regular physical activity (OR＝1.77, 95%CI 1.24–2.52) , and alcohol consumption (OR＝1.48, 95%CI 1.07–2.05) were independent risk factors for sarcopenia (P<0.05). Behaviors related to healthy diet, including daily milk consumption (OR＝0.40, 95%CI 0.30–0.52), regular three meals (OR＝0.56, 95%CI 0.41–0.78), and high-quality protein intake (OR＝0.70, 95%CI 0.52–0.94), were protective factors (P<0.05). Conclusions Sarcopenia among community–dwelling, non–bedridden older adults is closely associated with physical activity levels, dietary habits, and nutritional status. Early identification of individuals at risk, enhanced nutritional education, and timely implementation of nutritional interventions and exercise programs are recommended for this population.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of HIV pretreatment drug resistance (PDR) and the transmission clusters associated with PDR-related mutations in newly diagnosed, treatment-naive patients between 2020 and 2023 in Dehong prefecture, Yunnan province, China. METHODS: Demographic information and plasma samples were collected from study participants. PDR was assessed using the Stanford HIV Drug Resistance Database. The Tamura-Nei 93 model within HIV-TRACE was employed to compute pairwise matches with a genetic distance of 0.015 substitutions per site. RESULTS: Among 948 treatment-naive individuals with eligible sequences, 36 HIV subtypes were identified, with unique recombinant forms (URFs) being the most prevalent (18.8%, 178/948). The overall prevalence of PDR was 12.4% (118/948), and resistance to non-nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), and protease inhibitors (PIs) was 10.7%, 1.3%, and 1.6%, respectively. A total of 91 clusters were identified, among which eight showed evidence of PDR strain transmission. The largest PDR-associated cluster consisted of six CRF01_AE drug-resistant strains carrying K103N and V179T mutations; five of these individuals had initial CD4+ cell counts < 200 cells/μL. CONCLUSION The distribution of HIV subtypes in Dehong is diverse and complex. PDR was moderately prevalent (12.4%) between 2020 and 2023. Evidence of transmission of CRF01_AE strains carrying K103N and V179T mutations was found. Routine surveillance of PDR and the strengthening of control measures are essential to limit the spread of drug-resistance HIV strains.
Humans ; HIV Infections/virology* ; China/epidemiology* ; Drug Resistance, Viral ; Male ; Adult ; Female ; Middle Aged ; HIV-1/genetics* ; Anti-HIV Agents/therapeutic use* ; Myanmar/epidemiology* ; Young Adult ; Prevalence ; Adolescent ; Mutation

Aging is comprehensively influenced by multiple fac-tors such as internal genes,cellular metabolism,external envi-ronment,and lifestyle habits.Among them,epigenetic regula-tion plays a core role.Epigenetic modifications,including DNA methylation,histone modification,heterochromatin remodeling,and non-coding RNA regulation,act in concert with the three-di-mensional genome architecture to precisely regulate gene expres-sion.This review elaborates on the factors influencing epigenetic regulation,as well as the mechanisms of how epigenetics affects the occurrence of organismal aging and the corresponding inter-vention strategies,providing relevant insights for uncovering the mechanisms of aging and preventing/treating aging-related disea-ses.

Aging is comprehensively influenced by multiple fac-tors such as internal genes,cellular metabolism,external envi-ronment,and lifestyle habits.Among them,epigenetic regula-tion plays a core role.Epigenetic modifications,including DNA methylation,histone modification,heterochromatin remodeling,and non-coding RNA regulation,act in concert with the three-di-mensional genome architecture to precisely regulate gene expres-sion.This review elaborates on the factors influencing epigenetic regulation,as well as the mechanisms of how epigenetics affects the occurrence of organismal aging and the corresponding inter-vention strategies,providing relevant insights for uncovering the mechanisms of aging and preventing/treating aging-related disea-ses.

Objective The aims of this study were to identify tick species infesting police dogs and explore their phylogenetic relationships. Methods Ticks were collected from a police dog base in Hunan Province and their diagnostic morphological characteristics and phylogenetic relationships were investigated using PCR targeting the 16S rDNA, cytochrome C oxidase subunit 1(cox1), and NADH dehydrogenase subunit V(nad5)genes. Results Adult ticks were oval shaped with a broad and short hexagonal basis capitulum. The females had a scutum occupying the first 1/3 of the body, a U-shaped genital groove, and a comma-shaped stigmal plate, and their coxae II to IV each had short and coarse outer spurs that gradually decreased in size according to the segmental order. Males had an elongated scutum, a comma-shaped stigmal plate, and a subtriangular adanal plate. The product sizes of the amplified 16S rDNA, cox1, and nad5 gene sequences from the ticks in this study were approximately 405,772, and 262 bp, respectively. The phylogenetic tree based on these sequences showed that this tick species clustered with Rhipicephalus sanguineus of other tropical lineages. Conclusions The tick species collected from police dogs in China is Rh. sanguineus, which belongs to the tropical lineage.

Objective To analyze the nucleic acid positive rate and genotype characteristics of the pa-tients with viral hepatitis C in Yongchuan District of Chongqing city during 2004-2022.Methods All the hepatitis C patients whose current address was in Yongchuan District of Chongqing City and audited for man-agement entering in the database of the Infectious disease surveillance System of China Disease Prevention and Control Information from 2004 to 2022 were selected as the study subjects.The questionnaire survey,nucleic acid and genotype detection were conducted.The nucleic acid positive rate and genotype characteristics were analyzed.Results Among 489 cases of viral hepatitis C,there were 286 cases of hepatitis C viral nucleic acid(HCV-RNA)positive(58.49％),the positive rate of males was 64.63％,which was high than 49.23％in fe-males,and the differences was statistically significant(P＜0.05).The HCV-RNA positive rate had statistical difference among different professions,cultural levels and medical insurance types(P＜0.05).But the HCV-RNA positive rates had no statistically difference among different ages,marital status,incomes and permanent residences(P＞0.05).A total of 285 cases of single infection subtype and 1 case of 1b and 6a mixed subtype were detected out.The single infection subtypes were mainly the 1b type(56.45％),3b type(12.89％)and 6a type(13.24％).Conclusion The positive rate of HCV-RNA among hepatitis C patients in Yongchuan Dis-trict during 2004-2022 was 58.49％,more than half of the previous cases are still the active infected persons requiring the antiviral treatment.The HCV genotype is mainly the 1b type,followed by 3a,3b and 6a types.It is necessary to further mobilize the treatment of previous patients with hepatitis C and improve the treatment rate and clinical cure rate.

Objective Data mining technology was used to mine the medication rules of the prescriptions used in the treatment of pediatric atopic dermatitis by Chinese medical master XUAN Guo-Wei.Methods The medical records of effective cases of pediatric atopic dermatitis treated by Professor XUAN Guo-Wei at outpatient clinic were collected,and then the medical data were statistically analyzed using frequency statistics,association rule analysis and cluster analysis.Results A total of 242 prescriptions were included,involving 101 Chinese medicinals.There were 23 commonly-used herbs,and the 16 high-frequency herbs(frequency＞100 times)were Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma,Saposhnikoviae Radix,Glehniae Radix,Perillae Folium,Ophiopogonis Radix,Cynanchi Paniculati Radix et Rhizoma,Microctis Folium,Dictamni Cortex,Scrophulariae Radix,Coicis Semen,Cicadae Periostracum,Lilii Bulbus,Rehmanniae Radix,Kochiae Fructus,Sclerotium Poriae Pararadicis,and Euryales Semen.The analysis of the medicinal properties showed that most of the herbs were sweet and cold,and mainly had the meridian tropism of the spleen,stomach and liver meridians.The association rule analysis yielded 24 commonly-used drug combinations and 20 association rules.Cluster analysis yielded 2 core drug combinations.Conclusion For the treatment of pediatric atopic dermatitis,Professor XUAN Guo-Wei focuses on the clearing,supplementing and harmonizing therapies,and the medication principle of"supporting the healthy-qi to eliminate the pathogen,and balancing the yin and yang"is applied throughout the treatment.

Spinal cord injury is a serious disease of the central nervous system,and its complex patho-genesis has always been the focus of research.Secondary injury is the main cause of neurological dysfunc-tion after spinal cord injury,in which mitochondrial dysfunction,inflammatory response,and ionic im-balance are important pathological processes in the secondary injury stage.Cuproptosis is a new mode of cell death that occurs by direct binding of copper to the thiooctylated component of the tricarboxylic acid cycle,leading to aggregation of thiooctylated proteins and the loss of iron-sulphur cluster proteins ulti-mately leading to cell death.The occurrence of cuproptosis involves two important factors,mitochondria and copper ions,and cuproptosis-related genes that regulate its occurrence have also been proposed.Cu-proptosis is thought to be relevant to the pathogenesis of spinal cord injury because of the impaired mito-chondrial function and abnormal serum copper levels that occur after spinal cord injury.In this paper,we discuss the link between cuproptosis and spinal cord injury by taking cuproptosis regulating mitochondrial function,affecting copper ion metabolism,and some cuproptosis-related genes (FDX1,LIAS,DLD,PDHA1,and PDHB) as an entry point,to provide theoretical basis and support for the clinic of spinal cord injury.