ObjectiveTo investigate the intervention effects and mechanisms of the flavonoid hyperoside （Hyp） on lipopolysaccharide （LPS）-induced inflammation in the zebrafish model. MethodsZebrafish larvae were either microinjected with 0.5 g·L^-1 LPS or immersed in 1 g·L^-1 LPS for the modeling of inflammation. The larvae were then treated with Hyp at 25， 50， and 100 mg·L^-1 through immersion for four consecutive days. The inflammatory phenotypes were assessed by analyzing the mortality rate， malformation rate， body length， and yolk sac area ratio. Behavioral tests were conducted to evaluate the inflammatory stress responses， and macrophage migration was observed by fluorescence microscopy. Additionally， the mRNA levels of inflammation-related genes， including interleukin-1β （IL-1β）， interleukin-6 （IL-6）， chemokine C-C motif ligand 2 （CCL2）， chemokine C-X3-C motif receptor 1 （CX3CR1）， chemokine C-C motif receptor 2 （CCR2）， and genes associated with the Toll-like receptor 4 （TLR4）/myeloid differentiation factor 88 （MyD88）/nuclear factor-kappa B （NF-κB） signaling pathway， were measured by Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction（Real-time PCR）. ResultsCompared with the pure water injection group， the model group exhibited increased mortality， malformation rates and yolk sac area ratio （P0.01）， reduced body length （P0.01）， increased total swimming distance and high-speed swimming duration （P0.01）， and up-regulated mRNA levels of TLR4， MyD88， NF-κB， IL-1β， IL-6， CCL2， CX3CR1， and CCR2 （P0.01）. Hyp at low， medium and high doses， as well as aspirin， reduced the mortality and malformation rates （P0.05，P0.01）， increased the body length （P0.05，P0.01）， decreased the yolk sac area ratio （P0.01）， reduced the high-speed swimming duration （P0.01）， and down-regulated the mRNA levels of TLR4， MyD88， NF-κB， IL-1β， IL-6， CCL2， CX3CR1， and CCR2 （P0.05，P0.01） compared with the model group. ConclusionHyp may modulate the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway to ameliorate inflammatory phenotypes and alleviate stress conditions in zebrafish， thereby exerting the anti-inflammatory effect.

Objective To explore the effects of EEG biofeedback on the sleep quality and autonomic nervous function in the patients with depression sleep disorder.Methods A total of 98 inpatients with depres-sive sleep disorder treated in this hospital from January 2020 to August 2021were selected as the study sub-jects and divided into the study group and control group according to the random number table method,49 ca-ses in each group.The control group adopted the escitalopram treatment,and the study group was combined with EEG biofeedback on this basis.The Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD)score,Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)score,subjective insomnia symptom score,heart rate variability(HRV)index,serum neuropep-tide Y(NPY)and 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT)levels and the incidence rate of adverse reactions before treat-ment and in 3 months of treatment were compared between the two groups.Results The total effective rate of the study group was significantly higher than that of the control group(95.92％vs.81.63％),and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).After 3 months of treatment,the HAMD,PSQI,subjective insomnia symptom score and PNN50 in both groups were decreased compared with those before treatment,moreover the study group was lower than the control;the levels of SDNN,SDANN,LF,HF and serum NPY and 5-HT were increased compared with those before treatment,moreover the study group was higher than the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).There was no statistically sig-nificant difference in the incidence rate of adverse reactions between the two groups(14.29％vs.10.20％,P＞0.05).Conclusion EEG biofeedback combined with escitalopram could significantly improve the depres-sive symptoms and sleep quality in the patients with depression,regulate the autonomic nervous function and increase serum NPY and 5-HT levels.

Objective To explore the correlation between blood biochemical indexes and blood pressure levels among college students in Kunming City.Methods In November 2021,a cluster sampling method was used to survey 4,781 college students at a university in Yunnan Province.Data collected included height,weight and blood pressure,and blood samples were collected for blood biochemical testing.The Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis H test were used to compare the distribution differences of hypertension among college students with different demographic characteristics,while a generalized linear model was used to analyze the correlation between blood biochemical indicators and blood pressure levels.Results The prevalence rate of hypertension among college students was 8.45%(404/4 781).After adjusting confounding variables,blood glucose(GLU,β=1.48,95%CI:0.75～2.20)and serum Total Protein(TP,β=0.25,95%CI:0.19～0.32)were found to be correlated with systolic blood pressure(SBP)levels(all P<0.05);blood glucose(GLU,β=1.25,95%CI:0.64～1.86)and serum total protein(TP,β=0.28,95%CI:0.23～0.34)were correlated with diastolic blood pressure(DBP)level(P<0.05).Stratified group analysis by sex showed that,after controlling for confounding factors,TP(β=0.32,95%CI:0.18～0.45)was correlated with SBP levels in male students;TP(β=0.32,95%CI:0.21～0.43)was correlated with DBP levels in male students(P<0.05).GLU(β=2.18,95%CI:1.29～3.07)and TP(β=0.23,95%CI:0.15～0.31)were correlated with SBP levels in female students;GLU(β=1.48,95%CI:0.73～2.24)and TP(β=0.26,95%CI:0.20～0.33)were correlated with DBP levels in female students(all P<0.05).Conclusion Our findings suggest that blood glucose and serum total protein level are correlated with blood pressure levels in female college students,while serum total protein level are correlated with blood pressure levels in male college students.

Objective: To explore the relationship between processed food consumption and blood pressure level of students in a university in Yunnan Province, so as to provide the reference for preventing hypertension in university students. Methods: In October 2021, a cluster sampling method was used to select 4 781 freshmen from a university in Kunming, Yunnan Province. The frequency of processed food consumption of university students was assessed by using the dietary frequency questionnaire, and height, weight and blood pressure were measured. Mann-Whitney test and Kruskal-Wallis test were used to compare the differences in blood pressure level of university students with different demographic variables, and the association between processed food consumption and blood pressure level was analyzed with a generalized linear model. Results: Among the students of a university in Yunnan Province, the detection rates of systolic prehypertension and hypertension were 33.86% and 1.23%, and the detection rates of diastolic prehypertension were 32.13% and hypertension 7.22%. The results of generalized linear model analysis showed that after controlling for demographic variables and other variables that might affect the blood pressure level of university students, the consumption of processed food (bread and cake: β =0.15, 95% CI =0.01-0.29) and ultra processed food (coffee beverage: β =-0.29, 95% CI =-0.54--0.03) were associated with systolic blood pressure level( P <0.05). The consumption of processed food (salted duck egg: β =0.21, 95% CI =0.01-0.41) was correlated with the diastolic blood pressure of college students ( P <0.05). Conclusions Processed food consumption in university students may increase the risk of high blood pressure.The education of healthy eating among college students should be strengthened to reduce the consumption of processed foods.

Objective To survey the current situation of fertility intention to have a third child among childbearing age women in Wanzhou District of Chongqing Municipality under the background of the new fer-tility policy,and to analyze its influencing factors.Methods The convenience sampling method was adopted to conduct the survey on the third child fertility intention by the self-designed questionnaire and the Question-naire Star platform among the childbearing women with one child or two children in Wanzhou District of Chongqing Municipality from September to October 2022.The multiple linear regression analysis and two-step cluster analysis were used to explore the influencing factors.Results A total of 632 questionnaires were re-ceived,32 invalid questionnaires were excluded,and the effective recovery rate was 94.9％.The score of fertili-ty intention to have a third child in the respondents was(12.81±2.83)points.The multiple linear regression analysis showed that the age,marital status,place of residence,spouse cultural degree,family rearing child model,whether the family can provide support and previous vaginal delivery history were the influencing fac-tors of fertility intention to have a third child among the childbearing age women in this place(P＜0.05).The two step cluster analysis showed that"obstetrician/midwife's help"was the most important predictive factor for the childbearing age women to choose to have a third child.Conclusion The current situation of childbear-ing age women's fertility intention to have a third child in Wanzhou District of Chongqing Municipality is not optimistic.It is necessary to create the positive factors that encourage childbearing age women to make deci-sion about having a third child.

BACKGROUND:Growth differentiation factor 5 is a member of the transforming growth factor superfamily and one of the earliest markers of joint development.Growth differentiation factor 5 has an important role in cartilage repair. OBJECTIVE:To explore the action mechanism of growth differentiation factor 5-induced chondrogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. METHODS:Rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were isolated and cultured.CCK-8 assay was used to detect the effect of different mass concentrations of growth differentiation factor 5 on the proliferation activity of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.RT-PCR was utilized to detect the expression of genes related to chondrogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells induced by different mass concentrations of growth differentiation factor 5.To further investigate the action mechanism of growth differentiation factor 5-induced chondrogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells,we added inhibitor XAV-939 and activator Laduviglusib of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways to induce cell culture for 14 days.RT-PCR and western blot assay were performed to detect the expression of cartilage-related genes and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway proteins. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)CCK-8 results showed no significant effect of growth differentiation factor 5 on the proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.(2)Growth differentiation factor 5 promoted the expression of cartilage-related genes type Ⅱ collagen,aggrecan and Sox9,among which growth differentiation factor 5 induced a significant upregulation of cartilage-related genes in the 50 ng/mL group.(3)Addition of Laduviglusib,an activator of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway,upregulated Sox9,β-catenin and type Ⅱ collagen expression(P<0.05).Addition of XAV939,an inhibitor of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway,down-regulated Sox9,β-catenin and type Ⅱ collagen expression(P<0.05).(4)Taken together,growth differentiation factor 5-induced chondrogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells may be associated with the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

BACKGROUND:Growth differentiation factor 5,a member of the transforming growth factor-β superfamily and bone morphogenetic protein family,plays an important role in articular cartilage injury repair,bone regeneration,improvement of intervertebral disc degeneration,tendon healing,and neurodevelopment. OBJECTIVE:To review the research progress of growth differentiation factor 5 in inducing chondrocytes,nucleus pulposus-like cells,tendon cell differentiation,as well as inducing bone formation and neurodevelopment. METHODS:The search terms"growth differentiation factor 5,articular cartilage,bone,nucleus pulposus cells,tendon,nerve regeneration"were used in CNKI,WanFang and PubMed.According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,the articles not related to the subject matter were excluded and 69 articles related to growth differentiation factor 5 were included. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Growth differentiation factor 5 can induce chondrogenic and osteoblastic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells,but the concentration boundary of growth differentiation factor 5 to induce chondrogenic or osteoblastic differentiation remains unclear.(2)Growth differentiation factor 5 can induce mesenchymal stem cells to differentiate into nucleus pulposus cells,which may play a role in the treatment of intervertebral disc degeneration.(3)Growth differentiation factor 5 can induce mesenchymal stem cells to differentiate into tendon cells and play an important role in tendon repair and prevention of postoperative tendon adhesion.(4)Growth differentiation factor 5 can induce neurodevelopment and promote nerve regeneration.

Hip fracture in the elderly is characterized by high incidence, high disability rate, and high mortality and has been recognized as a public health issue threatening their health. Surgery is the preferred choice for the treatment of elderly patients with hip fracture. However, lower extremity deep venous thrombosis (DVT) has an extremely high incidence rate during the perioperative period, and may significantly increase the risk of patients′ death once it progresses to pulmonary embolism. In response to this issue, the clinical guidelines and expert consensuses all emphasize active application of comprehensive preventive measures, including basic prevention, physical prevention, and pharmacological prevention. In this prevention system, basic prevention is the basis of physical and pharmacological prevention. However,there is a lack of unified and definite recommendations for basic preventive measures in clinical practice. To this end, the Orthopedic Nursing Professional Committee of the Chinese Nursing Association and Nursing Department of the Orthopedic Branch of the China International Exchange and Promotive Association for Medical and Health Care organized relevant nursing experts to formulate Expert consensus on perioperative basic prevention for lower extremity deep venous thrombosis in elderly patients with hip fracture ( version 2024) . A total of 10 recommendations were proposed, aiming to standardize the basic preventive measures for lower extremity DVT in elderly patients with hip fractures during the perioperative period and promote their subsequent rehabilitation.