Aims: This study aims to produce Achromobacter biosurfactant in nutrient-rich and nutrient-limited media. Methodology and results: This study conducted fermentation on nutrient-rich and nutrient-limited media using a minimal salt medium (MSM). Dextrose and sodium citrate were used as sole carbon supplemented with 0.5% yeast extract for nutrient-rich media, while nutrient-limited media used molasses and rice straw hydrolysate (RSH) at variations of concentrations of 100 ppm and 200 ppm. The research was performed over 120 h and evaluated from growth response, surface tension and emulsification activity. The study revealed that the best surface tension value was when 2% (w/v) sodium citrate was used as C-source and 0.5% (w/v) yeast extract as N-source, after 72 h upon incubation at 30 °C/120 rpm having 45.45 ± 2.19 mN/m with emulsification activity 24.54 ± 3.42%. Whereas the best result of the nutrient-limited medium was obtained by RSH at a concentration of 200 ppm having 48.86 ± 5.36 mN/m. Conclusion, significance and impact of study The experiment showed that nutrient-limited medium from rice straw hydrolysate could compete with the nutrient-rich medium. The use of rice straw will contribute to the reduction of biosurfactant production costs and valorisation of agricultural waste.
Achromobacter denitrificans ; Surface-Active Agents

Nutritional problems are issues that affect individuals or communities as a result of poor diets that lack essential nutrients. At the age of fifteen months, nearly one-third of children in developing countries are malnourished, with the majority of them being the proportion of children with height for age below standard derivations (stunting), the proportion of children with weight for height below standard derivations (wasting), and underweight. This was a quantitative study with a cross-sectional approach. This research was conducted in eight local-public health centers in the Special Region of Yogyakarta in December 2018 until February 2019. The population of this research was children under the age of seven with the total sample of 383 children. This research was analyzed using univariate and bivariate analysis. Univariate analysis was used to determine the frequency, mean value, variation, and percentage distributions, which are expressed in n and percent. Bivariate analysis was used to determine the relationship between the independent and dependent variables. The statistical test used was a different proportion test with Chi-Square, CI (95%), and level of significance. The bivariate analysis result showed that the lack-family-support children under theage of five had the higher risk of experiencing underweight 0.04, stunting 0.28 and wasting 0.30. In addition, the children under the age of five who had lack of family-health worker cadre partnership had the higher risk of being underweight 0.36, stunting 0.43, and wasting 0.42. In conclusion, the nutritional status of the children under the age of five (underweight, stunting, and wasting) was indirectly affected by the variable of family support and family-health worker cadre partnership.