Objective To explore the theory of the drug property and resource characteristics contained in the classic clinical work of traditional Chinese medicine Treatise on the Spleen and Stomach,providing references for the clinical use of medicines.Methods Chinese herbal medicines recorded in the prescriptions of Treatise on the Spleen and Stomach were collected and to establish a corresponding database.The theory of drug property recorded was analyzed,and resource characteristics were analyzed by methods of modern Chinese medicinal resource science.Results A total of 63 prescriptions of Treatise on the Spleen and Stomach were collected,involving 105 Chinese medicines.High frequency Chinese medicine include 16 kinds of drugs such as Gancao,Renshen and Chenpi et al.The warm-natured Chinese medicine were the most common used,accounting for 46.67％,the spicy Chinese medicine accountting for 39.74％,mainly belong to the spleen meridian,accounting for 53.53％,toxic Chinese medicine were used less.Conclusion More than 94％of Chinese medicine contained Treatise on the Spleen and Stomach are still in clinical use,and the application of reinforcing drugs,relieving drugs and Qi-regulating drugs is of great significance to clinical guidance.

Objective To explore the core theories and medication characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of Sj?gren syndrome(SS).Methods Search for relevant literatures on the treatment of SS with traditional Chinese medicine published in CNKI,Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform,VIP,and SinoMed from the establishment of the database to September 30,2022,screen the prescriptions for the treatment of SS with traditional Chinese medicine and conduct data mining.Results A total of 137 prescriptions were finally selected,involving 186 Chinese medicines.Among them,yin-nourishing medicines,interior heat-clearing medicines and qi-tonifying medicines were used most frequently,and Maidong,Shengdihuang,Baishao ranked among the top 3 in terms of usage frequency.The four qi of Chinese medicines were mainly based on the cold,and the five flavors were based on the sweet flavors.The channel tropism were based on lung meridian and liver meridian.Entropy clustering analysis finally obtained four new prescriptions.Conclusion The treatment of SS is based on nourishing yin for moistening dryness,invigorating spleen and replenishing qi,removing toxicity substance and resolving macula,and dredging channels.At the same time,it emphasizes the application of concepts such as sour and sweet transform into yin,body fluids and blood share the same source,and seeking yin from yang.

Objective To explore the core theories and medication characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of Sj?gren syndrome(SS).Methods Search for relevant literatures on the treatment of SS with traditional Chinese medicine published in CNKI,Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform,VIP,and SinoMed from the establishment of the database to September 30,2022,screen the prescriptions for the treatment of SS with traditional Chinese medicine and conduct data mining.Results A total of 137 prescriptions were finally selected,involving 186 Chinese medicines.Among them,yin-nourishing medicines,interior heat-clearing medicines and qi-tonifying medicines were used most frequently,and Maidong,Shengdihuang,Baishao ranked among the top 3 in terms of usage frequency.The four qi of Chinese medicines were mainly based on the cold,and the five flavors were based on the sweet flavors.The channel tropism were based on lung meridian and liver meridian.Entropy clustering analysis finally obtained four new prescriptions.Conclusion The treatment of SS is based on nourishing yin for moistening dryness,invigorating spleen and replenishing qi,removing toxicity substance and resolving macula,and dredging channels.At the same time,it emphasizes the application of concepts such as sour and sweet transform into yin,body fluids and blood share the same source,and seeking yin from yang.

Objective To explore the theory of the drug property and resource characteristics contained in the classic clinical work of traditional Chinese medicine Treatise on the Spleen and Stomach,providing references for the clinical use of medicines.Methods Chinese herbal medicines recorded in the prescriptions of Treatise on the Spleen and Stomach were collected and to establish a corresponding database.The theory of drug property recorded was analyzed,and resource characteristics were analyzed by methods of modern Chinese medicinal resource science.Results A total of 63 prescriptions of Treatise on the Spleen and Stomach were collected,involving 105 Chinese medicines.High frequency Chinese medicine include 16 kinds of drugs such as Gancao,Renshen and Chenpi et al.The warm-natured Chinese medicine were the most common used,accounting for 46.67％,the spicy Chinese medicine accountting for 39.74％,mainly belong to the spleen meridian,accounting for 53.53％,toxic Chinese medicine were used less.Conclusion More than 94％of Chinese medicine contained Treatise on the Spleen and Stomach are still in clinical use,and the application of reinforcing drugs,relieving drugs and Qi-regulating drugs is of great significance to clinical guidance.

Objective The present study was to investigate the feasibility of use of high resolution magnetic reso?nance vessel wall imaging(HR-VWI)in evaluation of intracranial aneurysms. Methods We prospectively collected data from patients who had intracranial aneurysms and received HR-VWI scan before surgical treatment or conservative treatment. Aneurysms were divided into ruptured group (n=12) and unruptured group (n=88). Aneurysm site, size, neck, aspect ratio(AR), daughter sac and aneurysmal wall enhancement scale were analyzed in both groups. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression were performed to evaluate the risk factors of aneurysm rupture. Subgroup analysis was also performed to study symptomatic and asymptomatic unruptured aneurysms. Results Aneurysm size(t=2.187,P=0.031),AR(t=3.164,P=0.002),incidence of daughter sac(P=0.012) and aneurysmal wall enhancement scale(P<0.001)were higher in ruptured aneurysm group. Multivariate Logistic regression showed that aneurysmal wall enhance?ment scale was the only independent risk factor of ruptured aneurysms(P=0.002). Subgroup analysis showed aneurysm wall enhancement scale(P<0.001) and AR(t=3.939,P<0.001) were higher in symptomatic unruptured aneurysms. Conclusion Aneurysm wall enhancement on HR-VWI is more frequently seen in ruptured aneurysms and symptomatic unruptured aneurysms. Histological study is needed for better understanding of the mechanism of aneurysm wall enhance?ment.

Objective To analyze the clinical features of pediatric sepsis with initial symptoms of autoimmune hemolytic anemia(AIHA) and acute renal failure.Methods Ten cases of pediatric sepsis with initial symptoms of AIHA and acute renal failure were selected from January 2000 to January 2014 in Department of Nephrology,Beijing Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital University of Medical Science.The clinical data were retrospectively analyzed and long-time follow-up was taken.Results There were 8 boys and 2 girls of the 10 cases.The ages ranged from 8 months to 12.8 years.There were 8 children less than 6 years old having a prevalence of 80％.There were sudden dark urine and progressive anemia in all the cases,jaundice in 9 cases,abdominal pain and vomiting in 6 cases.Urine volume decreased in 7 cases and anuria in 3 cases.Four cases showed disorder of consciousness and 2 developed shock.Respiratory failure and disseminated intravascular coagulation happened in 1 case respectively.In terms of pathogens,2 cases were infected by mycoplasma and 1 case was infected by hemolytic streptococcus.The rest of the pathogen was unknown.The Coomb's test was 3 +-4 + positive.Serum urea nitrogen and creatinine gradually increased.High level total serum bilirubin and unconjugated bilirubin were shown in 8 cases and low level complement in 7 cases.Bone marrow films showed hyperplasia in all the cases.Renal biopsy was taken in 3 cases and no microthrombus was found.Corticosteroid was used in all 10 cases for 6 months.Blood purification was taken in 8 cases.Respiratory support was used in 4 cases.Nine recovered and 1 case gave up treatment.Further follow-up was taken for 2.2-8.1 years.Eight cases had normal urine and blood routine test and renal function.Relapse happened in 1 girl 1 year later.One case lost follow-up.Conclusions Once sudden hemoglobinuria,anemia and progressively decreased urine output occur in sepsis cases,the clinicians should consider AIHA and acute renal failure.Based on active infection control,the early use of steroids and blood purification treatment can improve the prognosis.

Objective To explore the application effect of comprehensive nursing in the postoperative nursing of patients with urinary calculi. Methods Totally 56 patients treated with ureteroscopy lithotomy in Tengzhou Central Peopl′s Hospital during December 2015 to May 2016 wererandomly selected and divided into the control group ( 26) and the intervention group ( 30) . Comprehensive nursing interventions were carried out in the intervention group, while the control group adopted routine postoperative nursing care. Pain scores one day, two days and three days after intervention and the scores of self-rating anxiety scaleone day, three days and five days after intervention were assessed and compared between two groups. Results The SAS score of patients at different time(in 1-day, 3-days and 5-days after operation)was significantly different (F=11.383,P<0.05);there were significant difference in the SAS score between two groups (F=4.981,P<0.05); and there was interaction between the assessment before and after and the interventions(F=8.402,P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the pain score of patients one day and two days after operation (P>0.05). The pain score of patients in the observation group three days after operation was lower than that in the control group ( P<0.05).Conclusions Comprehensive nursing can obviously relieve patient′s postoperative pain and anxiety.

Objective To assess the clinical efffects off Ipratropium bromide combined with atomization inhalation of budesonide via a ventilator with a Y-shaped connector on acute exacerbation off chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD).Methods A total off 62 AECOPD patients treated at our hospital from June 2013 to September 2014 were randomly divided into the experimental group (n=31,treated with ipratropium bromide combined with atomization inhalation of budesonide) and the control group (n =31,treated with the same amount of saline).Results The airway pressure of mechanical ventilation,the time of mechanical ventilation and the time of staying in the intensive care unit all showed significant differences between the experimental and control groups [(25.4±5.2) cmH2O vs.(38.1±3.4) cmH2O,(6.5±1.3) d vs.(6.8±1.4) d,(8.9±2.1) d vs.(9.5±1.5) d,t=10.934,0.960,1.108,respectively,P＜0.05 for all].The rate of tracheotomy was lower in the experimental group than in the control group (17/31 or 54.8％ vs.20/31 or 64.5％,x2 =0.603,P＜0.05).Conclusions Ipratropium bromide combined with budesonide inhalation under mechanical ventilation via a Y-shaped connector has ffavorable clinical effects on AECOPD.

Objective To explore the clinical features of invasive fungal infection in 27 children treated at nephrology department between 1999 and 2014.Methods Twenty-seven cases of invasive fungal infection at nephrology department were analyzed retrospectively.Results Candida urinary infection was found in 9 cases,pneumocystis carinii pneumonia were found in 8 cases,invasive pulmonary aspergillosis and urinary aspergillosis found in 4 cases and 1 case respectively,cryptococcus neoformans meningitis and pulmonary candidiasis found respectively in 2 cases,and pulmonary filamentous fungal disease was found in 1 case.These 27 cases showed different features of illness:10 primary nephrotic syndrome,7 secondary nephrotic syndrome,6 malformation of urinary development and 4 preterm birth ＜ 32 weeks gestational age with low birth weight.All of the cases had the history of taking antibiotics.Seventeen cases of them had used corticosteroid and cytotoxic drugs in a long-term.Sixteen cases had experienced invasive procedures.All children had fever in varying degrees,14 cases showed gasp,7 cases had progressive hypoxia and respiratory failure,and 5 cases developed into multiple organs failure.Chest computed tomographic (CT) imaging data showed diffuse ground-glass opacity with mosaic sign of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia(8 cases).The features of pulmonary aspergillosis included multiple nodules and cavity in bilateral lungs (4 cases).The radiologic findings showed patching lesions with indistinct edge and uncertained density of bilateral middle-lower lung fields with pulmonary candidiasis (2 cases).Full dose of antifungal drug was given to 23 cases of them,16 cases recovered completely,3 got better,4 cases died.Four cases gave up full dose antifungal therapy.Conclusions Long-term use of corticosteroid and cytotoxic drugs,use of broad-spectrum antibiotics,invasive therapies,such as indwelling centralvenous catheters,endotracheal intubation with mechanical ventilation,and preterm birth with low birth weight were risk factors in predicting invasive fungal infection.Chest CT findings were different among these cases.Even though not specific,the relatively differences were helpful to the differential diagnosis of these diseases.

Objective To assess the indications,effect and complications of plasma exchange(PE) application in children.Methods A total of 93 patients treated with PE were enrolled,and the clinical mani-festations before and after treatment were analyzed retrospectively.Results Ninety-three cases of children received PE treatment 2 to 1 1 times,an average of 5.5 times,53 cases with combination blood purification treatment.In 93 patients,there were 36 cases with hemolytic uremic syndrome,among them,22 cases (61.1 %)were healed,14 cases(38.9%)remained hematuria,and proteinuria and 5 of them(13.9%)with injured renal function.There were 9 cases with Guillain-Barre'syndrome and 8 of them got improved.Six in 8 cases with anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptorencephalitis got better after treatment.All of the 3 cases with myasthenia gravis got recovery.There were 4 cases with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis and 4 cases with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy respectively.The treatment effect rate was all 3 /4. Four in 9 patients with poisonous mushroom poisoning also got improved.The adverse reactions were ob-served in 12 cases(12.9%),including allergic in 9 cases and hypotension in 3 patients.No serious adverse reactions were found during treatment.Conclusion PE is an safe and effective blood purification method, with less adverse reaction,for treatment of the atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome and some serious nervous system diseases,such as myasthenia gravis,Guillain-Barre syndrome,etc.