Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is a non-specific chronic inflammatory bowel condition.Crohn's disease(CD)and ulcerative colitis(UC)are the 2 main types of IBD.IBD is prone to recurrent attacks,which is associated with many factors,such as immune dysfunction,intestinal microenvironment homeostasis imbalance,and environmental and genetic factors;however,its specific pathogenesis is still unclear.Zebrafish has recently emerged as an emerging animal model and have been used extensively for mechanistic research into IBD,model construction,activity evaluation,and screening of anti-IBD agents,due to their unique biological advantages.Based on the latest research progress using zebrafish in the field of IBD,this review systematically introduces the intestinal development characteristics,tissue structure,intestinal immunity,IBD model,and the application of drug screening in zebrafish,to demonstrate the value of zebrafish in the study of IBD.

Background: and Purpose Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) is an autoimmune-mediated disorder characterized by demyelinating or axonal injury of the peripheral nerve. Our aim is to determine whether serum amyloid A (SAA) is a biomarker of demyelinating injury and disease severity in patients with GBS. Methods: This study retrospectively enrolled 40 patients with either the demyelinating or axonal GBS and sex- and age-matched controls with other neurological diseases as well as healthy subjects. The demographic and clinical features at entry were collected. The serum levels of the SAA isoforms SAA1, SAA2, and SAA4 were determined in the patients with GBS and the controls using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and analyzed for the associations between levels of different SAA isoforms and the clinical features of the patients. Results: The levels of SAA2 and SAA4 were significantly higher in patients with GBS than in both the other neurological disease controls and the healthy subjects (p<0.05 for all). The level of SAA1 did not differ between patients with GBS and the controls. The level of SAA2 was considerably higher in GBS patients with antecedent infection than in those without infection (p=0.020). The levels of different SAA isoforms were not associated with the disease severity or other clinical features of patients with GBS (p>0.05 for all). Conclusions Increased levels of SAA2 and SAA4 may only represent the acute inflammatory status and so cannot be utilized as biomarkers of the disease severity or demyelinating injury in patients with GBS.

Background: and Purpose Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) is an autoimmune-mediated disorder characterized by demyelinating or axonal injury of the peripheral nerve. Our aim is to determine whether serum amyloid A (SAA) is a biomarker of demyelinating injury and disease severity in patients with GBS. Methods: This study retrospectively enrolled 40 patients with either the demyelinating or axonal GBS and sex- and age-matched controls with other neurological diseases as well as healthy subjects. The demographic and clinical features at entry were collected. The serum levels of the SAA isoforms SAA1, SAA2, and SAA4 were determined in the patients with GBS and the controls using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and analyzed for the associations between levels of different SAA isoforms and the clinical features of the patients. Results: The levels of SAA2 and SAA4 were significantly higher in patients with GBS than in both the other neurological disease controls and the healthy subjects (p<0.05 for all). The level of SAA1 did not differ between patients with GBS and the controls. The level of SAA2 was considerably higher in GBS patients with antecedent infection than in those without infection (p=0.020). The levels of different SAA isoforms were not associated with the disease severity or other clinical features of patients with GBS (p>0.05 for all). Conclusions Increased levels of SAA2 and SAA4 may only represent the acute inflammatory status and so cannot be utilized as biomarkers of the disease severity or demyelinating injury in patients with GBS.

Background: and Purpose Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) is an autoimmune-mediated disorder characterized by demyelinating or axonal injury of the peripheral nerve. Our aim is to determine whether serum amyloid A (SAA) is a biomarker of demyelinating injury and disease severity in patients with GBS. Methods: This study retrospectively enrolled 40 patients with either the demyelinating or axonal GBS and sex- and age-matched controls with other neurological diseases as well as healthy subjects. The demographic and clinical features at entry were collected. The serum levels of the SAA isoforms SAA1, SAA2, and SAA4 were determined in the patients with GBS and the controls using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and analyzed for the associations between levels of different SAA isoforms and the clinical features of the patients. Results: The levels of SAA2 and SAA4 were significantly higher in patients with GBS than in both the other neurological disease controls and the healthy subjects (p<0.05 for all). The level of SAA1 did not differ between patients with GBS and the controls. The level of SAA2 was considerably higher in GBS patients with antecedent infection than in those without infection (p=0.020). The levels of different SAA isoforms were not associated with the disease severity or other clinical features of patients with GBS (p>0.05 for all). Conclusions Increased levels of SAA2 and SAA4 may only represent the acute inflammatory status and so cannot be utilized as biomarkers of the disease severity or demyelinating injury in patients with GBS.

In China,lung cancer ranks first in the incidence and death of malignant tumors.Early diagnosis and timely treatment can significantly improve the survival rate of lung cancer.However,75％of patients are already in the advanced stage at the time of initial diagnosis,missing the best treatment opportunity.Lung nodules are the manifestations of early lung cancer.How to accurately distinguish benign and malignant pul-monary nodules and avoid missing diagnosis of malignant lung nodules and over-treatment of benign lung nod-ules are important clinical problems.Liquid biopsy has the advantages of non-invasiveness,high reproducibili-ty,operability,easy dynamic monitoring and overcoming tumor heterogeneity,which can realize early detection and diagnosis of malignant tumors.Besides,it is the most potential precision tumor detection technology,which is expected to become a breakthrough in the diagnosis of benign and malignant lung nodules.This arti-cle reviews the research and application of liquid biopsy in the diagnosis of lung nodules in recent years,in or-der to provide ideas for clinical application and future research.

Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is a non-specific chronic inflammatory bowel condition.Crohn's disease(CD)and ulcerative colitis(UC)are the 2 main types of IBD.IBD is prone to recurrent attacks,which is associated with many factors,such as immune dysfunction,intestinal microenvironment homeostasis imbalance,and environmental and genetic factors;however,its specific pathogenesis is still unclear.Zebrafish has recently emerged as an emerging animal model and have been used extensively for mechanistic research into IBD,model construction,activity evaluation,and screening of anti-IBD agents,due to their unique biological advantages.Based on the latest research progress using zebrafish in the field of IBD,this review systematically introduces the intestinal development characteristics,tissue structure,intestinal immunity,IBD model,and the application of drug screening in zebrafish,to demonstrate the value of zebrafish in the study of IBD.

Objective:To observe any effect of supplementing basic swallowing training with balloon catheter dilation on the swallowing function of tracheostomy patients with pontine hemorrhage.Methods:A total of 40 pontine hemorrhage patients with tracheostomy and swallowing disorders were divided randomly into an observation group and a control group, each of 20. Both groups were given nutritional neurodrugs and basic swallowing training, but the observation group also received 25 minutes of balloon catheter dilation, five times a week for 6 weeks. Before and after the 6 weeks of treatment one swallowing therapist evaluated the feeding ability and leakage-aspiration status of each subject assigning functional oral intake (FOIS) ratings and Rosenbek Leakage/Aspiration Rating Scale (PAS) ratings double-blinded. The Watian water swallowing test was also applied.Results:After the treatment the average FOIS and PAS scores of both groups had improved significantly, with those of the observation group then significantly better than among the control group on average. The total treatment effectiveness rate was 70% in the observation group, significantly better than the 30% in the control group.Conclusion:Supplementing swallowing training with balloon catheter dilation can better improve the swallowing of patients recovering from a tracheotomy after pontine hemorrhage.

Objective To establish the method of simultaneous determination of four main components of Danggui Liuhuang Decoction,including phellodendrine,palmatine,calycosin,and ferulic acid and provide reference for the quality control of Danggui Liuhuang Decoction.Methods Based on the HPLC-MS/MS analysis method,the positive ion data acquisition mode were adopted for the mass spectrometry detection and the four main components were quantified with multiple reaction monitoring mode(MRM)by ESI source.The chromatographic column was Agilent Extend-C18(5 μm,4.6 mm×250 mm),and gradient elution was performed with methanol and 0.5%formic acid in water.Results The linear range of phellodendrine was from 2-200 nmol/ml,and the linear range of palmatine,calycosin and ferulic acid was from 20-2 000 nmol/ml.The contents of the four components in the seven batches of Danggui Liuhuang Decoction were relatively stable,among which ferulic acid was mainly found in Phellodendrine and Coptidis;Phellodendrine was only detected in cortex phellodendri;the content of calycosin in Scutellaria baicalensis and Astragalus was higher;palmatine was detected in both Phellodendron and Astragalus.Conclusion The method had high sensitivity,good specificity and sample stability,which could meet the requirements of quantitative analysis of Traditional Chinese Medicine compounds,and could provide reference for further pharmacokinetics study on the content changes of traditional Chinese medicine compounds in biological samples.

Objective To investigate the effect of dapagliflozin on vascular function and progression of renal function in patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN). Methods A total of 122 DN patients were randomly divided into control group and observation group, with 61 cases in each group. The control group received conventional treatment, while the observation group received conventional treatment and dapagliflozin. Glycometabolism, vascular function, renal function indicators and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Results After treatment, there were no significant differences in fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and 2-hour postprandial glucose (2 hPG) between the two groups (P>0.05), but the glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). The flow-mediated dilation (FMD) for 1 minute at resting state and FMD for 5 minutes at ischemia state were significantly higher in the observation group than those in the control group (P < 0.05); the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and 24-hour urinary sodium level in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group, while the 24-hour urine protein level was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion Dapagliflozin can effectively alleviate vascular function damage and inhibit the progression of renal function damage in DN patients.

Objective To explore the risk factors of central venous catheter related thrombosis in the patients undergoing gastrointestinal tract surgery,and to construct a risk prediction model based on machine learning algorithms.Methods A total of 385 patients receiving gastrointestinal tract surgery and central ve-nous catheter indwelling in this hospital from May 2018 to March 2024 were selected as the study subjects and divided into the thrombus group(n=62)and non-thrombus group(n=323)based on whether or not the catheter-related thrombosis forming.The age,body mass index(BMI),comorbidities,current tumors,neutro-phil/lymphocyte ratio(NLR),surgery time,catheterization vein,systemic immune inflammation index(SII),D-dimer and catheter indwelling time of the patients were collected,and the differences in baseline data were compared between the two groups.The research subjects were randomly divided into the training set and tes-ting set by a 7∶3 ratio.Based on the training set,the logistics regression model,random forest,support vector machine,decision tree and naive Bayes risk prediction models were established.The area under the operating characteristic curve(AUC),accuracy,sensitivity,specificity and F1 value in predicting catheter-related throm-bosis were compared among different models in the testing set.The importance of the predictive factors in the best prediction model conducted the visualized ranking.Results There were statistically significant differences in the proportion of tumor patients,NLR,surgical time and D-dimer level in the baseline data between the two groups(all P＜0.05).The AUC values of the five risk prediction models from great to small were the random forest(0.773),logistics regression model(0.734),support vector machine(0.680),naive Bayes(0.666)and decision tree(0.650).Among them,the accuracy(0.853),sensitivity(0.599),specificity(0.877)and F1 val-ue(0.414)of the random forest model were the highest.D-dimer,surgery time,current tumor and NLR were the top four important predictive factors in the random forest model.Conclusion The constructed random forest model for central venous catheter-related thrombosis in the patients undergoing gastrointestinal tract surgery demonstrates good performance,and the D-dimer,surgery time,current tumor and NLR are the main predictive factors.