In China,lung cancer ranks first in the incidence and death of malignant tumors.Early diagnosis and timely treatment can significantly improve the survival rate of lung cancer.However,75％of patients are already in the advanced stage at the time of initial diagnosis,missing the best treatment opportunity.Lung nodules are the manifestations of early lung cancer.How to accurately distinguish benign and malignant pul-monary nodules and avoid missing diagnosis of malignant lung nodules and over-treatment of benign lung nod-ules are important clinical problems.Liquid biopsy has the advantages of non-invasiveness,high reproducibili-ty,operability,easy dynamic monitoring and overcoming tumor heterogeneity,which can realize early detection and diagnosis of malignant tumors.Besides,it is the most potential precision tumor detection technology,which is expected to become a breakthrough in the diagnosis of benign and malignant lung nodules.This arti-cle reviews the research and application of liquid biopsy in the diagnosis of lung nodules in recent years,in or-der to provide ideas for clinical application and future research.