Objective To understand the changing trend of nutritional status of children undergoing liver transplantation within 6 months after discharge,and to explore its influencing factors,in order to provide guidance for the clinical formulation of personalized nutritional intervention programs.Methods By the convenient sampling method,153 children undergoing liver transplantation admitted to the liver transplantation center of a tertiary A hospital in Hangzhou from January 2023 to January 2024 were selected as the research subjects.Their basic and clinical data were collected.The nutritional status at the 1 day before surgery and 1 month,3 months,and 6 months after discharge was evaluated by the standard deviation evaluation method of children's nutritional status.According to the changing trend of their nutritional status,they were grouped.Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression were used to analyze the influencing factors of the changing trend of nutritional status in children undergoing liver transplantation.Results A total of 144 children who underwent liver transplantation were ultimately included in the study.The incidence of malnutrition at 1 month,3 months,and 6 months after discharge was 66.0％,54.9％,and 53.5％,respectively.According to the changing trend of nutritional status of children undergoing liver transplantation,they were divided into 3 groups:54 cases(37.5％)in the good nutritional status group,24 cases(16.7％)in the fluctuating nutritional status group,and 66 cases(45.8％)in the poor nutritional status group.The results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that birth weight,feeding method within 6 months after birth,age of caregivers and learning situation of nutritional knowledge were the influencing factors of the changing trend of nutritional status in children undergoing liver transplantation(P＜0.05).Conclusion The incidence of malnutrition in children undergoing liver transplantation is high within 6 months after discharge;medical staff should closely collaborate with families to formulate and implement staged personalized nutritional intervention measures based on the specific conditions and influencing factors of the children to effectively improve the nutritional status of the children after transplantation.

Background::The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been rapidly growing in Chinese populations in recent decades, and the shift in eating habits is a key contributing factor to this increase. Eating out of home (EOH) is one of the major shifts in eating habits during this period. However, the influence of EOH on the incidence of T2DM among Chinese urban workers is unknown.Methods::The cross-sectional study involved an analysis of 13,904 urban workers recruited from 11 health examination centers in the major cities of China to explore the relationship between EOH and T2DM between 2013 September and 2016 March.Results::Average weekly EOH frequency ≥10 times was positively associated with increased incidence of T2DM in the sampled population (OR: 1.31 [1.11-1.54], p < 0.01), most notably in participants ≤45 years old (OR: 1.41[1.11-1.80], p < 0.01]) and in males (OR:1.26 [1.06-1.51], p < 0.01). An EOH frequency of 5 times/week appears as a threshold for a significant increase in the odds of T2DM. Weekly EOH frequency ≥5 times was associated with increased odds of T2DM in a dose-response manner in the total population and almost all subgroups ( poverall association < 0.05 and pnonlinearity ≤ 0.05). Conclusion::This study showed that a frequency of EOH (≥5 times/week) was associated with a frequency-dependent increase in the odds of T2DM urban workers in China. More nutrition promotion is needed to improve the eating behavior of Chinese urban workers to reduce T2DM risk.

Background::The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been rapidly growing in Chinese populations in recent decades, and the shift in eating habits is a key contributing factor to this increase. Eating out of home (EOH) is one of the major shifts in eating habits during this period. However, the influence of EOH on the incidence of T2DM among Chinese urban workers is unknown.Methods::The cross-sectional study involved an analysis of 13,904 urban workers recruited from 11 health examination centers in the major cities of China to explore the relationship between EOH and T2DM between 2013 September and 2016 March.Results::Average weekly EOH frequency ≥10 times was positively associated with increased incidence of T2DM in the sampled population (OR: 1.31 [1.11-1.54], p < 0.01), most notably in participants ≤45 years old (OR: 1.41[1.11-1.80], p < 0.01]) and in males (OR:1.26 [1.06-1.51], p < 0.01). An EOH frequency of 5 times/week appears as a threshold for a significant increase in the odds of T2DM. Weekly EOH frequency ≥5 times was associated with increased odds of T2DM in a dose-response manner in the total population and almost all subgroups ( poverall association < 0.05 and pnonlinearity ≤ 0.05). Conclusion::This study showed that a frequency of EOH (≥5 times/week) was associated with a frequency-dependent increase in the odds of T2DM urban workers in China. More nutrition promotion is needed to improve the eating behavior of Chinese urban workers to reduce T2DM risk.

Objective To understand the changing trend of nutritional status of children undergoing liver transplantation within 6 months after discharge,and to explore its influencing factors,in order to provide guidance for the clinical formulation of personalized nutritional intervention programs.Methods By the convenient sampling method,153 children undergoing liver transplantation admitted to the liver transplantation center of a tertiary A hospital in Hangzhou from January 2023 to January 2024 were selected as the research subjects.Their basic and clinical data were collected.The nutritional status at the 1 day before surgery and 1 month,3 months,and 6 months after discharge was evaluated by the standard deviation evaluation method of children's nutritional status.According to the changing trend of their nutritional status,they were grouped.Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression were used to analyze the influencing factors of the changing trend of nutritional status in children undergoing liver transplantation.Results A total of 144 children who underwent liver transplantation were ultimately included in the study.The incidence of malnutrition at 1 month,3 months,and 6 months after discharge was 66.0％,54.9％,and 53.5％,respectively.According to the changing trend of nutritional status of children undergoing liver transplantation,they were divided into 3 groups:54 cases(37.5％)in the good nutritional status group,24 cases(16.7％)in the fluctuating nutritional status group,and 66 cases(45.8％)in the poor nutritional status group.The results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that birth weight,feeding method within 6 months after birth,age of caregivers and learning situation of nutritional knowledge were the influencing factors of the changing trend of nutritional status in children undergoing liver transplantation(P＜0.05).Conclusion The incidence of malnutrition in children undergoing liver transplantation is high within 6 months after discharge;medical staff should closely collaborate with families to formulate and implement staged personalized nutritional intervention measures based on the specific conditions and influencing factors of the children to effectively improve the nutritional status of the children after transplantation.

Purpose Based on liver lesions,to investigate the feasibility and influencing factors of virtual non-contrast(VNC)replacing true non-contrast(TNC)in tri-phase derived from Revolution CT.Materials and Methods A total of 62 patients who underwent TNC and tri-phase(arterial,venous,and delayed phases)spectral enhanced liver scans were retrospectively enrolled in Zhongda Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University from December 2021 to April 2022.Liver lesions with a diameter of≥5 mm were measured and categorized into Group 1(≤20 Hu)and Group 2(>20 Hu)according to the CT values of TNC,then were respectively further categorized into group a(≤20 Hu across all three phases of enhancement)and group b(>20 Hu in at least one phase of enhancement)based on the degree of enhancement.CT attenuation,maximum diameter and detection rates of lesions were compared between TNC and three-phase VNC groups.Multivariate regression analysis was used to investigate the influencing factors of the density difference between VNC and TNC.Results A statistically significant difference in the attenuation of lesions was observed among the each groups(χ2/F=14.712,18.603,7.334,all P<0.01).Except for VNCV and VNCD in Group-1a which had no significant difference with TNC(both P>0.05),the attenuation of other VNCs were lower than TNC in category-a and greater than TNC in category-b(all P<0.05).Maximal diameter presented strong correlation and no significant difference in VNCA and VNCV compared to TNC in each group(all P>0.05;all r>0.8 and P<0.001).A significant difference in the detection rate of the lesions was observed among the groups(χ2=47.660,P<0.001),VNCV images displayed the higher detection rate than VNCA and VNCD(all P<0.05).The density difference between VNC and TNC was positively correlated with CT values of the corresponding enhancement phase(r2adjusted=0.209,0.142,0.062,P<0.001).Conclusion Based on Revolution CT,VNCV is the optimal phase to replace TNC and can be mitigated by CT value of the lesions in venous-phase.

The hazard of vehicle emissions mainly come from the four wheel positioning, drum test and vehicle emissions test sections in automobile assembly workshop, which can lead to abnormal hemoglobin and hepatic insufficiency in workers. We researched on preventing toxic gases technologies for the vehicle emissions generated by these three sections, designed the ventilation facilities, and then detected and evaluated the operation effect, thereby improving the working environment, ensuring the occupational health of workers, and providing scientific basis for the control of vehicle emissions hazards.

The hazard of vehicle emissions mainly come from the four wheel positioning, drum test and vehicle emissions test sections in automobile assembly workshop, which can lead to abnormal hemoglobin and hepatic insufficiency in workers. We researched on preventing toxic gases technologies for the vehicle emissions generated by these three sections, designed the ventilation facilities, and then detected and evaluated the operation effect, thereby improving the working environment, ensuring the occupational health of workers, and providing scientific basis for the control of vehicle emissions hazards.

Background::Cancer immunotherapy has emerged as a promising strategy against triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). One of the immunosuppressive pathways involves programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) and programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1), but many patients derived little benefit from PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint blockades treatment. Prior research has shown that MYC, a master transcription amplifier highly expressed in TNBC cells, can regulate the tumor immune microenvironment and constrain the efficacy of immunotherapy. This study aims to investigate the regulatory relationship between MYC and PD-L1, and whether a cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor that inhibits MYC expression in combination with anti-PD-L1 antibodies can enhance the response to immunotherapy. Methods::Public databases and TNBC tissue microarrays were used to study the correlation between MYC and PD-L1. The expression of MYC and PD-L1 in TNBCs was examined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting. A patient-derived tumor xenograft (PDTX) model was used to evaluate the influence of a CDK7 inhibitor THZ1 on PD-L1 expression. Cell proliferation and migration were detected by 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine (EdU) cell proliferation and cell migration assays. Tumor xenograft models were established for in vivo verification. Results::A high MYC expression level was associated with a poor prognosis and could alter the proportion of tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIICs). The positive correlation between MYC and PD-L1 was confirmed by immunostaining samples from 165 TNBC patients. Suppression of MYC in TNBC caused a reduction in the levels of both PD-L1 messenger RNA and protein. In addition, antitumor immune response was enhanced in the TNBC cancer xenograft mouse model with suppression of MYC by CDK7 inhibitor THZ1. Conclusions::The combined therapy of CDK7 inhibitor THZ1 and anti-PD-L1 antibody appeared to have a synergistic effect, which might offer new insight for enhancing immunotherapy in TNBC.

Objective:To explore the nursing points of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia after liver transplantation in infants.Methods:Strengthened artificial airway management for children to improve dyspnea. Adopted nasal high-flow humidifying oxygen therapy to correct hypoxemia. Implemented individual temperature management to effectively control high fever. Strengthened children′s medication management, predictive skin management, using the protective isolation and psychological nursing.Results:After timely treatment and careful nursing, the condition of the three children was improved, SpO 2 was maintained at 0.95-1.00, and the patients were discharged successfully. One patient with respiratory failure died of multiple organ failure due to the deterioration of the condition after receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygen and supportive treatment. Conclusions:The infants with pneumocystis carinii pneumonia after liver transplantation should strengthen airway management, correct hypoxia. At the same time to do a good job of symptomatic care, strengthen the observation of the condition, can promote the rehabilitation.

The aim of this study was to refold the OvisAries leukocyte antigen (OLA) class Ⅰ protein with peptides derived from sheeppox virus (SPPV) to identify SPPV T cell epitopes. Two pairs of primers were designed based on the published sequence of a sheep major histocompatibility complex Ⅰ to amplify the heavy chain gene of OLA Ⅰ α-BSP and the light chain gene of OLA Ⅰ-β₂m. Both genes were cloned into a pET-28a(+) expression vector, respectively, and induced with ITPG for protein expression. After purification, the heavy chain and light chain proteins as well as peptides derived from SPPV were refolded at a ratio of 1:1:1 using a gradual dilution method. Molecular exclusion chromatography was used to test whether these peptides bind to the OLA Ⅰ complex. T-cell responses were assessed using freshly isolated PBMCs from immunized sheep through IFN-γ ELISPOT with peptides derived from SPPV protein. The results showed that the cloned heavy chain and light chain expressed sufficiently, with a molecular weight of 36.3 kDa and 16.7 kDa, respectively. The protein separated via a Superdex^TM 200 increase 10/300 GL column was collected and verified by SDS-PAGE after refolding. One SPPV CTL epitope was identified after combined refolding and functional studies based on T-cell epitopes derived from SPPV. An OLA Ⅰ/peptide complex was refolded correctly, which is necessary for the structural characterization. This study may contribute to the development of sheep vaccine based on peptides.
Animals ; Capripoxvirus ; Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte/genetics* ; Peptides/genetics* ; Poxviridae Infections ; Sheep ; Sheep Diseases