OBJECTIVES: To investigate the molecular mechanism by which He's Yangchao Formula improves ovarian function in premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) mice through intestinal flora modulation. METHODS: Forty female ICR mice (aged 6-8 weeks) were intraperitoneally injected with cyclophosphamide (150 mg/kg) to establish a POI model, while 10 untreated mice served as the blank control. Successfully modeled mice were randomly divided into four groups (n=10/group): low-dose He's Yangchao Formula (6 g crude herb/kg), high-dose He's Yangchao Formula (25 g crude herb/kg), positive control (estradiol), and model control (distilled water). Treatments were admin-istered daily by gavage for 6 weeks. Vaginal exfoliated cells were stained with Wright-Giemsa solution to monitor estrous cycles. Serum estradiol and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels were measured by ELISA. Ovarian FSH receptor (FSHR) expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry. Glycolysis-related proteins pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) and glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) were analyzed by Western blotting and immuno-fluorescence. Fecal samples from blank control, model control, and high-dose groups underwent metagenomic sequencing to evaluate intestinal microbiota diversity and com-position. RESULTS: He's Yangchao Formula restored estrous cyclicity, increased serum estradiol (P<0.05), decreased serum FSH (P<0.05), and upregulated FSHR expression in granulosa cells (P<0.05). Metagenomic analysis revealed significant structural differences in intestinal flora among blank control, model control, and high-dose groups (P<0.01). The high-dose group showed reduced abundance of conditional pathogens (e.g., Alistipes, Prevotella, Odoribacter, Blautia, Rikenella) compared to the model control (P<0.05). Functional enrichment analysis indicated involvement of glycolysis-related pathways. Concordantly, PKM2 and GLUT4 expression was downregulated in the model control but upregulated in He's Yangchao Formula groups (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS He's Yangchao Formula ameliorates POI in mice by remodeling intestinal flora structure, enhancing glycolytic activity, improving ovarian sex hormone secretion, increasing granulosa cell FSHR expression, and restoring estrous cyclicity.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the molecular mechanism by which He's Yangchao Decoction (HSYC) improves ovarian function in a mouse model of premature ovarian insufficiency (POI). METHODS: Forty ICR mice were used to establish a POI model via intraperitoneal injection of cyclophosphamide and were randomly assigned to four groups: model control group, low-dose HSYC group, high-dose HSYC group, and estradiol group (positive control). Additionally, 10 age-matched ICR mice were selected as the blank control group. After intragastric intervention, the ovarian index, serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels, and ovarian tissue expression of the FSH receptor (FSHR) were measured. A POI cell model was established by treating the human granulosa tumor cell line (KGN) with 4-hydroxycyclophosphamide. The cells were divided into four groups: solvent control group, HSYC group, inhibitor control group, and inhibitor+HSYC group, which were respectively treated with TH5487 (an OGG1 inhibitor) and HSYC-containing serum. The expressions of OGG1, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) oxidative damage markers, and pyroptosis-related proteins were detected by molecular docking, Western blotting, and immunofluorescence. RESULTS: Compared with the blank control group, the model control group showed a decreased ovarian index (P<0.05) and increased serum FSH levels (P<0.01). The ovarian index was higher in both the low- and high-dose HSYC groups compared with the model control group (both P<0.05). FSHR expression in ovarian tissue was lower in the model control group than that in the blank control group, but was higher in the high-dose HSYC group compared with the model control group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Molecular docking confirmed strong binding affinity between the active components of HSYC and OGG1 (binding energy: －6.3 to －8.3 kcal/mol). Western blotting analysis revealed that OGG1 protein expression in the ovaries of the model control group was significantly reduced compared with the blank control group, while it was increased in the low-dose HSYC group and the estradiol group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Immunofluorescence results demonstrated that the expression levels of mito-chondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α) were decreased in the model control group compared with the blank control group (P<0.01), whereas their expressions were significantly elevated in the high-dose HSYC group and the estradiol group (all P<0.01). Cell experiments showed that TH5487 intervention increased the expression of 8-oxoguanine (8-OxoG) (P<0.01), while HSYC-containing serum intervention reduced 8-OxoG expression and increased TFAM expression (P<0.01). The expression of pyroptosis-related proteins (GSDMD, N-GSDMD, caspase-1, IL-1β) increased after TH5487 intervention (P<0.05), whereas HSYC-containing serum suppressed their expression (all P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS HSYC improves POI by upregulating OGG1 expression, mitigating mtDNA oxidative damage, and inhibiting granulosa cell pyroptosis.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Chinese medicine Jianpi Antai formula in infertile women undergoing in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer(IVF-ET).Methods:A total of 300 infertile women who underwent 2 frozen embryo transfer procedures at the Reproductive Medicine Center,Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital were included in the study.The participants were randomly divided into study group and control group.The study group received routine medication plus the Jianpi Antai formula during the period of embryo transfer,while the control group received routine medication only.The general condition,embryo implantation rate,clinical pregnancy rate,live birth rate,and the blood routine and liver and kidney function were evaluated and compared between two groups.Results:There were 277 cases who completed the study,including 134 in the study group and 143 in the control group.The embryo implantation rate(68.7%vs.55.9%),the clinical pregnancy rate(56.7%vs.44.8%)and the live birth rate(50.7%vs.37.8%)in the study group were all higher than those in the control group(all P＜0.05).Subgroup analysis revealed that in patients of advanced age(≥35 years)and those with decreased ovarian reserve function(anti-Müllerian hormone＜1.68 ng/mL),the embryo implantation rate,clinical pregnancy rate,and live birth rate in the study group were all higher than those in the control group(all P＜0.05).During the follow-up period,there were no abnormalities in the basic vital signs of both groups,and no adverse events were reported.Conclusion:Jianpi Antai formula can safely improve the embryo implantation rate in infertile women undergoing IVF-ET,reduce the embryo miscarriage rate,increase the live birth rate as well as improve the clinical outcomes.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for the supply of emergency drugs. METHODS:The data of emergency drugs in the inpatients of our hospital were collected from hospital information system during 2012-2016,including the proportion and age of emergency patients,drug,clinical departments and disease types. The trend of emergency drugs was analyzed by using SPSS 16.0 software. RESULTS:The proportion of emergency patients and discharged patients were increasing year by year. The number of patients in <10 year-old and 10-19 year-old showed a declining trend year by year. The number of patients in 30-39 year-old,50-59 year-old and >60 year-old showed an increasing trend year by year. Among emergency drugs,the use frequency of Heparin sodium injection,Dexamethasone sodium phosphate injection and Flumethasone injection showed a declining trend year by year;the use fre-quency of Hemagglutination for injection,Penehyclidine ether injection,Atracurium besylate injection and Propofol injection showed an increasing trend year by year. Among clinical department,the number of pediatric patients showed a declining trend year by year;the number of patients in obstetrics department,emergency department,cardiology department,micro hand surgery department and pediatric surgery department showed an increasing trend year by year. Among emergency disease types,the number of patients with re-spiratory system disease,infectious and parasitic diseases showed a declining trend year by year;the number of patients with circula-tion system disease,injury and poisoning,certain other consequences of external factors,digestive system diseases,pregnancy,child-birth and puerperium disease as well as some cases originated in the perinatal period showed an increasing trend year by year. CON-CLUSIONS:With the change of the proportion,age and disease type of emergency patients,the type and utilization rate of emergen-cy drugs have changed. It is necessary to adopt effective measures to guarantee the supply of emergency drugs.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of extract of Ginkgo biloba(EGb) on levels of Endothelin-1(ET-1) and transforming growth factor ?1(TGF-?1) in renal tissue of diabetic rats.METHODS:Twenty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups:normal control group,diabetic model group and EGb-treated group.The levels of blood glucose,insulin,total cholesterol(TC),total triglycerides(TG),creatinine clearance(Ccr),urinary albumin excretion(UAE),and urinary ?2-MG were measured after 8-week corresponding treatment.Expression of SET-1,UET-1,and RET-1 was examined by radioimmunoassay technique.Expression of STGF-?1 and UTGF-?1 in serum and urine was examined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).RESULTS:The concentrations of blood glucose,blood insulin,TC and TG increased significantly in diabetic group,which were down-regulated by EGb.Levels of ET-1 and TGF-?1.in both blood and urine and the ET-1 level in renal tissues were significantly higher in diabetic model group than in normal control group(P

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of pravastatin on serum levels of CRP and TNF-? in patients with diabetic nephropathy and study its possible mechanism in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy. METHODS:28 patients with diabetic nephropathy were treated with provastatin plus routine therapy (trial group),another 28 patients with diabetic nephropathy were treated with routine therapy alone (control group). Serum levels of CRP and TNF-? in the two groups were detected after treatment for 24 weeks. RESULTS:The total effect rate in the trial group was 67.9% versus 42.9% in the control group(P