Objective To establish a high-throughput non-targeted screening and prioritization method for emerging pollutants(EPs)in sewage using direct injection high-resolution mass spectrometry(HRMS).Methods The sewage samples were filtered by membrane filter and directly subjected to the liquid chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometer based on a method modified from our previous study.A C18 chromatographic column was applied for a gradient elution separation,and accurate mass and mass spectral fragment information were obtained through the MS full scan mode and MS/MS DIA data collection mode.After peak detection and alignment,the features from the raw data through open source software MZmine 3,and then high-throughput screening strategies such as MassBank and PubChem databases were used for compound annotation.Finally,the candidate features were confirmed with chemical standards by compared their retention time and mass spectrum fragmentation ion peaks.Results 13 EPs were identified,including 7 industrial chemicals,4 pharmaceuticals,1 pesticide and 1 metabolite.High detection rates were observed for metformin(86.2％),2-hydroxybenzothiazole(79.3％),1,2-benzisothiazole-3-one(72.4％),and 1,2-benzisothiazole-3-one(72.4％).The quantitative concentration range of EPs was 1.37～19.05 ng/mL,with the high concentrations observed for melamine(19.05 ng/mL)and furosemide(18.49 ng/mL).Ecological risk assessment identified 1,2-benzisothiazol-3-one,4-aminoacetophenone,creatinine,2-hydroxybenzothiazole,and furosemide as key pollutants.Conclusion This direct injection coupled with HRMS workflow enables efficient non-targeted screening and prioritization of emerging EPs in sewage samples,highlighting five ecotoxicologically critical EPs.The methodology enhances environmental monitoring capabilities and provide critical technical support for interdisciplinary research such as environmental forensics and health risk assessment.

Objective To establish a high-throughput non-targeted screening and prioritization method for emerging pollutants(EPs)in sewage using direct injection high-resolution mass spectrometry(HRMS).Methods The sewage samples were filtered by membrane filter and directly subjected to the liquid chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometer based on a method modified from our previous study.A C18 chromatographic column was applied for a gradient elution separation,and accurate mass and mass spectral fragment information were obtained through the MS full scan mode and MS/MS DIA data collection mode.After peak detection and alignment,the features from the raw data through open source software MZmine 3,and then high-throughput screening strategies such as MassBank and PubChem databases were used for compound annotation.Finally,the candidate features were confirmed with chemical standards by compared their retention time and mass spectrum fragmentation ion peaks.Results 13 EPs were identified,including 7 industrial chemicals,4 pharmaceuticals,1 pesticide and 1 metabolite.High detection rates were observed for metformin(86.2％),2-hydroxybenzothiazole(79.3％),1,2-benzisothiazole-3-one(72.4％),and 1,2-benzisothiazole-3-one(72.4％).The quantitative concentration range of EPs was 1.37～19.05 ng/mL,with the high concentrations observed for melamine(19.05 ng/mL)and furosemide(18.49 ng/mL).Ecological risk assessment identified 1,2-benzisothiazol-3-one,4-aminoacetophenone,creatinine,2-hydroxybenzothiazole,and furosemide as key pollutants.Conclusion This direct injection coupled with HRMS workflow enables efficient non-targeted screening and prioritization of emerging EPs in sewage samples,highlighting five ecotoxicologically critical EPs.The methodology enhances environmental monitoring capabilities and provide critical technical support for interdisciplinary research such as environmental forensics and health risk assessment.

Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is an important cause of ischemic stroke and vascular dementia, which brings heavy burden to families and society. The prevention and treatment of CSVD has always been a research hotspot, but its pathogenesis is still not completely clear. This article reviews the pathogenesis of CSVD, including chronic cerebral hypoperfusion, blood-brain barrier dysfunction, vascular endothelial dysfunction, interstitial fluid reflux disorder, inflammatory response, and genetic factors, in order to provide more sufficient theoretical basis for early intervention and treatment of CSVD.

Objective To explore the effect of prehospital 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) and transtelephonic notification on door-to-balloon time in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Methods Four hundred and two patients with STEMI who underwent primary PCI from January 2006 to December 2007 in Beijng Anzhen Hospital were analyzed. They were divided into 3 groups: 137 patients without prehospital ECG (group A), 176 patients with prehospital ECG (group B) and 89 patients with prehospital ECG and early transtelephonie notification (group C). Door-to-balloon time and in-hospital mortality were compared among the groups. Results There were no significant differences in age, sex, past medical history and infarcted area among three groups. Compared with group A, patients in group B and group C had much shorter door-to-balloon time (96 minutes and 86 minutes vs. 113 minntes in group A, all P<0. 01). No difference was found in in-hospital mortality among three groups (2. 9% vs. 2.3% vs. 2. 2%, P> 0. 05). Conclusions Prehospital ECG and early transtelephonic notification can significantly shorten door-to-balloon time in patients with STEMI. Coordinated system including prehospital ECG and transtelephonie notification is proved to be feasible and effective.