This study aims to investigate the epidemic variation of porcine circovirus type2(PCV2)and its distribution in swine farms in Henan Province from 2022 to 2023.In this study,1 206 pig blood samples from 18 urban scale swine farms,and 318 pigs and environmental samples from 2 PCV2-positive swine farms in Henan Province were detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR.ORF2 gene sequencing and genetic evolution analysis were performed on the positive samples.The results showed that the positive rate of PCV2 was 7.05％(85/1 206)in Henan Province,11.15％in western Henan Province and 3.03％in southern Henan Province.The positive rate of PCV2 in spring was 11.60％(67/576).A total of 31 ORF2 gene sequences were obtained,of which 23 were PCV2d(74.19％),6 were PCV2a(19.35％),one was PCV2b(3.23％)and one was PCV2c(3.23％).The results of amino acid sequence comparison showed that the mutation sites mainly concentrated on amino acids at positions 40-68 and 180-209.The total positive rate of pig farm sam-ples was 37.42％(119/318),and the positive rate of pig samples from different types of pig houses was 60.71％(34/56),45.83％(11/24),35.09％(20/57),and 33.33(3/9)in order from high to low.The positive rate of environmental samples from high to low was 56.36％(31/55)in feeding system,46.67％(7/15)in feces system,12.50(1/8)in decontamination area,11.11％(2/18)in living area,and no PCV2 was detected in ventilation system.The highest positive rate was 45.00％(9/20)for the tools in the house,7.14％(1/14)for the surface and sole of the clothes after leaving the house,and no PCV2 was detected on the surface and sole of the clothes before entering the house.In this study,the epidemiological investigation of PCV2 in Henan Province and its distribu-tion in swine farms were carried out,and the main circulating strains,seasons,regions and gene mutations of PCV2 in H enan Province were identified.The distribution and transmission routes of PCV2 in positive pig farms were preliminarily analyzed and summarized,which provided data basis and reference for effective prevention and control of PCV and the establishment of accurate bio-safety prevention and control measures.

Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics of inconsistent symptoms and signs of dry eye in patients with Sj?gren syndrome (SS).Methods:A case-control study was performed.Thirty-eight patients (38 eyes) who visited the dry-eye outpatient department at Peking University People's Hospital were enrolled from January to October 2021.The patients were divided into a non-SS (NSS) group (25 cases, 25 eyes) and a SS group (13 cases, 13 eyes) according to without or with SS.The data of right eyes were analyzed.The patients' subjective symptoms were scored and their objective clinical parameters were evaluated.Evaluation of subjective symptoms included Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI), Standard Patient Evaluation of eye dryness (SPEED) Questionnaire and Dry Eye Questionnaire-5 (DEQ-5).Objective clinical parameters included Schirmer Ⅰ test (SⅠt), tear film breakup time (TBUT), SICCA ocular staining score (OSS), National Eye Institute (NEI) score, Marx line score, non-invasive tear film breakup time (NIBUT), non-invasive tear meniscus height (NITMH), meibomian gland loss area ratio, the number of corneal subepithelial nerves, total nerve length, mean nerve length, maximum nerve length, minimum nerve length, nerve curvature, and number of dendritic cells.Differences in subjective symptoms and clinical parameters were compared between the two groups, and correlation analysis between ocular symptom scores and objective clinical parameters was performed.This study adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki.The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Peking University People's Hospital (No.RDY2020-03).Written informed consent was obtained from each subject.Results:The OSDI, SPEED and DEQ-5 scores of SS group were 10.9(2.1, 23.1), 4.0(2.0, 7.0) and 7.0(3.5, 9.5), respectively, which were significantly lower than 37.5(26.0, 64.9), 10.5(7.0, 13.0) and 13.0(6.8, 14.3) of NSS group ( Z=-2.70, -3.01, -2.14; all P<0.05).TBUT was longer in the SS group than in the NSS group, and the difference was statistically significant ( Z=-2.10, P=0.038).No significant difference was found in SⅠt, OSS, Marx line score, NIBUT, NITMH, meibomian gland loss area ratio, the number of corneal subepithelial nerves, total nerve length, mean nerve length, maximum nerve length, minimum nerve length, nerve curvature, and number of dendritic cells (all P>0.05).The OSS of nasal conjunctiva was significantly higher in the SS group than in the NSS group ( Z=-2.32, P=0.023).There were no correlations between the subjective symptoms and objective clinical parameters in NSS group (all P>0.05).The SPEED score was positively correlated with the Marx line score of upper eye lid ( rs=0.573, P=0.041) and the OSDI score was negatively correlated with the minimum nerve length ( rs=-0.606, P=0.037) in SS group. Conclusions:Patients with SS dry eye have more nasal conjunctival staining and fewer subjective symptoms than NSS dry eye patients with the same signs, which manifests as a separation of symptoms and signs.

Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics of inconsistent symptoms and signs of dry eye in patients with Sj?gren syndrome (SS).Methods:A case-control study was performed.Thirty-eight patients (38 eyes) who visited the dry-eye outpatient department at Peking University People's Hospital were enrolled from January to October 2021.The patients were divided into a non-SS (NSS) group (25 cases, 25 eyes) and a SS group (13 cases, 13 eyes) according to without or with SS.The data of right eyes were analyzed.The patients' subjective symptoms were scored and their objective clinical parameters were evaluated.Evaluation of subjective symptoms included Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI), Standard Patient Evaluation of eye dryness (SPEED) Questionnaire and Dry Eye Questionnaire-5 (DEQ-5).Objective clinical parameters included Schirmer Ⅰ test (SⅠt), tear film breakup time (TBUT), SICCA ocular staining score (OSS), National Eye Institute (NEI) score, Marx line score, non-invasive tear film breakup time (NIBUT), non-invasive tear meniscus height (NITMH), meibomian gland loss area ratio, the number of corneal subepithelial nerves, total nerve length, mean nerve length, maximum nerve length, minimum nerve length, nerve curvature, and number of dendritic cells.Differences in subjective symptoms and clinical parameters were compared between the two groups, and correlation analysis between ocular symptom scores and objective clinical parameters was performed.This study adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki.The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Peking University People's Hospital (No.RDY2020-03).Written informed consent was obtained from each subject.Results:The OSDI, SPEED and DEQ-5 scores of SS group were 10.9(2.1, 23.1), 4.0(2.0, 7.0) and 7.0(3.5, 9.5), respectively, which were significantly lower than 37.5(26.0, 64.9), 10.5(7.0, 13.0) and 13.0(6.8, 14.3) of NSS group ( Z=-2.70, -3.01, -2.14; all P<0.05).TBUT was longer in the SS group than in the NSS group, and the difference was statistically significant ( Z=-2.10, P=0.038).No significant difference was found in SⅠt, OSS, Marx line score, NIBUT, NITMH, meibomian gland loss area ratio, the number of corneal subepithelial nerves, total nerve length, mean nerve length, maximum nerve length, minimum nerve length, nerve curvature, and number of dendritic cells (all P>0.05).The OSS of nasal conjunctiva was significantly higher in the SS group than in the NSS group ( Z=-2.32, P=0.023).There were no correlations between the subjective symptoms and objective clinical parameters in NSS group (all P>0.05).The SPEED score was positively correlated with the Marx line score of upper eye lid ( rs=0.573, P=0.041) and the OSDI score was negatively correlated with the minimum nerve length ( rs=-0.606, P=0.037) in SS group. Conclusions:Patients with SS dry eye have more nasal conjunctival staining and fewer subjective symptoms than NSS dry eye patients with the same signs, which manifests as a separation of symptoms and signs.

This study aims to investigate the epidemic variation of porcine circovirus type2(PCV2)and its distribution in swine farms in Henan Province from 2022 to 2023.In this study,1 206 pig blood samples from 18 urban scale swine farms,and 318 pigs and environmental samples from 2 PCV2-positive swine farms in Henan Province were detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR.ORF2 gene sequencing and genetic evolution analysis were performed on the positive samples.The results showed that the positive rate of PCV2 was 7.05％(85/1 206)in Henan Province,11.15％in western Henan Province and 3.03％in southern Henan Province.The positive rate of PCV2 in spring was 11.60％(67/576).A total of 31 ORF2 gene sequences were obtained,of which 23 were PCV2d(74.19％),6 were PCV2a(19.35％),one was PCV2b(3.23％)and one was PCV2c(3.23％).The results of amino acid sequence comparison showed that the mutation sites mainly concentrated on amino acids at positions 40-68 and 180-209.The total positive rate of pig farm sam-ples was 37.42％(119/318),and the positive rate of pig samples from different types of pig houses was 60.71％(34/56),45.83％(11/24),35.09％(20/57),and 33.33(3/9)in order from high to low.The positive rate of environmental samples from high to low was 56.36％(31/55)in feeding system,46.67％(7/15)in feces system,12.50(1/8)in decontamination area,11.11％(2/18)in living area,and no PCV2 was detected in ventilation system.The highest positive rate was 45.00％(9/20)for the tools in the house,7.14％(1/14)for the surface and sole of the clothes after leaving the house,and no PCV2 was detected on the surface and sole of the clothes before entering the house.In this study,the epidemiological investigation of PCV2 in Henan Province and its distribu-tion in swine farms were carried out,and the main circulating strains,seasons,regions and gene mutations of PCV2 in H enan Province were identified.The distribution and transmission routes of PCV2 in positive pig farms were preliminarily analyzed and summarized,which provided data basis and reference for effective prevention and control of PCV and the establishment of accurate bio-safety prevention and control measures.

Objective:To investigate the expression of NOD-like receptor protein 3(NLRP3)inflammasome and its relation-ship with granulosa cell apoptosis in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS).Methods:Follicular fluid and ovarian granulosa cells were collected from 17 PCOS patients(PCOS group)and 20 non-PCOS patients(control group),and the expression levels of pro-inflammatory factor,TNF-α,IL-1β and IL-18 in follicular fluid were detected by ELISA.RT-PCR and Western blot were used to de-tect NLRP3 mRNA and NLRP3 inflammasome associated protein NLRP3,ASC and cleaved caspase-1 and autophagy related protein LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ and p62 expression level in granulosa cells.TUNEL assay was used to detect the apoptotic level of granulosa cells in both groups.NLRP3 silenced siRNA(si-NLRP3)and negative control sequence(si-NC)were transfected into human ovarian cancer granulosa cell line KGN cells by siRNA interference technique in vitro.TNF-α was used to simulate PCOS-related cell damage.KGN cells were divided into 4 groups according to different treatment methods:Ctrl group,TNF-α group,TNF-α+si-NLRP3 group and TNF-α+si-NC group.The levels of DHEA,testosterone,IL-1β and IL-18 in supernatant were detected by ELISA.TUNEL assay was used to detect the apoptosis level of KGN cells.The LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ and p62,NLRP3,ASC and cleaved caspase-1 protein expression levels,and NF-κB p-p65 level(NF-κB p-p65/NF-κB p65)in KGN cells were detected by Western blot.Results:Compared with con-trol group,the concentration of TNF-α,IL-1β,and IL-18 in follicular fluid of PCOS patients,and LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ,NLRP3 mRNA and the protein expression of NLRP3,ASC,and cleaved caspase-1 in granulosa cells of and apoptosis were significantly increased(P<0.05 or P<0.01),while the protein expression of p62 was significantly decreased(P<0.01).Compared with Ctrl group,the levels of DHEA,testosterone,IL-1β and IL-18 in supernatant of TNF-α group,TNF-α+si-NC group,and TNF-α+si-NLRP3 group,and LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ,ASC and cleaved caspase-1 protein expression,and the level of NF-κB p-p65 and apoptosis were significantly increased(P<0.05 or P<0.01),while p62 protein was significantly decreased(P<0.01).NLRP3 was significantly decreased except in TNF-α+si-NLRP3 group(P<0.01),while in the TNF-α group and TNF-α+si-NC group was significantly increased(P<0.01).However,com-pared with TNF-α group,the above indexes in TNF-α+si-NLRP3 group were significantly decreased(P<0.05),and TNF-α+si-NC group had no significant change(P>0.05).Conclusion:The over-activated NLRP3 inflammasome in granulosa cells may promote cell inflammatory injury and autophagy apoptosis in PCOS patients through NF-κB pathway.

Objective To investigate the impact of salpingectomy with preservation of fallopian tube mesentery on ovarian reserve function. Methods A total of 281 patients with tubal disease who were admitted from January 2020 to March 2021 were collected as research objects. According to the different treatment methods, they were divided into traditional bilateral resection group (n=53, conventional bilateral salpingectomy), traditional unilateral resection group (n=56, conventional unilateral salpingectomy), preservation of bilateral resection group (n=60, bilateral salpingectomy with preservation of fallopian tube mesentery), preservation of unilateral resection group (n=54, unilateral salpingectomy with preservation of fallopian tube mesentery), and control group[n=58, patients with in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) but no history of salpingectomy]. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, and postoperative exhaust time were compared among the groups. Two months after the operation, IVF-ET was performed, and the number of follicles and oocytes, pregnancy rate, and fertilization rate were detected. The levels of anti-mullerian hormone (AMH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), estradiol (E₂), and luteinizing hormone (LH) in peripheral blood were detected after IVF-ET. Follow-up was conducted until March 2023, and pregnancy success rates were recorded for the five groups. Results There were no significant differences in perioperative operation time, intraoperative blood loss, and postoperative exhaust time among traditional bilateral resection group, traditional unilateral resection group, preservation of bilateral resection group, preservation of unilateral resection group (P>0.05). After IVF-ET, there were significant differences in AMH, FSH, E₂, and LH levels among the five groups (P < 0.05). The levels of AMH and E₂ in a rising sequence were traditional bilateral resection group, traditional unilateral resection group, preservation of bilateral resection group, preservation of unilateral resection group and control group, while the levels of FSH and LH in descending sequencing were traditional bilateral resection group, traditional unilateral resection group, preservation of bilateral resection group, preservation of unilateral resection group and control group. Follow-up was conducted until March 2023, and the pregnancy success rates after IVF-ET were 45.28%, 50.00%, 53.33%, 59.26%, and 58.62% in the traditional bilateral resection group, traditional unilateral resection group, preservation of bilateral resection group, preservation of unilateral resection group, and control group, respectively. There was no significant difference in pregnancy success rate after IVF-ET among the five groups (χ²=3.044, P=0.551). Conclusion Compared with traditional salpingectomy, salpingectomy with preservation of fallopian tube mesentery has less impact on ovarian reserve function.

Objective:To study the clinical characteristics of neonatal umbilical vascular catheter (UVC) rupture.Methods:A neonate with UVC rupture admitted to Neonatology Department of our hospital was retrospectively reviewed. Literature on this subject were searched in the following databases: Chinese Medical Journal full-text Database, CNKI, Wanfang Database, CQVIP database, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and Cochrane Library (up until March 15 2022). The causes, treatment and prognosis of neonatal UVC rupture were analyzed.Results:In our case, the UVC was accidentally damaged during the removal of the ligature suture. The UVC was ruptured after a slight force was applied to remove the catheter, resulting in approximately 7 cm of UVC remaining in the body. Trans-umbilical vein intervention was performed and the catheter was successfully removed with a lasso under X-ray guidance. A total of 33 UVC rupture cases were included from 15 articles (no case report in China before). In 16 cases (47.1%), the UVCs were accidentally cut off by knife or scissors when removing the catheter. In 3 cases (8.8%), the UVCs were broken during insertion. The UVC was broken in 1 case (2.9%) during flushing the catheter. The causes of the other 14 cases (41.2%) were unknown. 9 cases (26.5%) had clinical manifestations, including respiratory distress, prominent heart murmur, sepsis and limb ischemia. 20 cases (58.8%) showed no clinical features. No data on the other 5 cases (14.7%). 21 cases (61.8%) received vascular intervention removal, 11 cases (32.4%) received surgical removal, 1 case (2.9%) was removed with tweezers, and 1 case (2.9%) died before UVC was removed. Among the neonates receiving surgical treatment, 1 case died of sepsis on the second day after surgery and 1 case had sequela of limb ischemia. 2 cases had postoperative vasospasm and embolism after vascular intervention with overall good prognosis.Conclusions:The rupture of UVC in neonates is rare and mainly related with knife and scissors injury.

ObjectiveTo investigate the analgesic effect and mechanism of Osteoking （OK） on nerve compression in lumbar disc herniation. MethodThe rat model of chronic compression of dorsal root ganglion （CCD） was established to simulate clinical lumbar disc herniation. The CCD rats were randomly divided into model group， low， medium， and high dose OK groups （1.31， 2.63， 5.25 mL·kg^-1·d^-1）， and pregabalin group （5 mg·kg^-1）， with eight rats in each group. Another eight SD rats were taken as the blank group， and the same volume of normal saline was given by gavage. Behavioral tests， side effect evaluation， network analysis， Western blot， immunofluorescence， and antagonist application were used to explore the effect. ResultCompared with the blank group， the mechanical hyperalgesia threshold， thermal hyperalgesia threshold， and the expression of inflammatory factors in the spinal dorsal horn of the model group are significantly increased （P<0.01）， and the related indicators of the affected foot footprints are significantly down-regulated （P<0.01）. The expression of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 （STAT3）， vascular endothelial growth factor A （VEGFA）， and phosphorylated extracellular regulated protein kinase （p-ERK） in microglia in the spinal dorsal horn is significantly increased in the model group （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， low， medium， and high dose OK groups can increase the mechanical hyperalgesia and thermal hyperalgesia thresholds of CCD rats （P<0.05， P<0.01） in a dose-dependent manner， improve the gait of CCD rats （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and reduce the expression of inflammatory factors in the spinal dorsal horn （P<0.05， P<0.01）. The expression of STAT3， VEGFA， and p-ERK in the spinal dorsal horn microglia of CCD rats is significantly decreased （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and the acetic acid-induced nociceptive response in rats is effectively reduced （P<0.05， P<0.01）. In addition， there is no tolerance. The results of the body mass test， organ index， forced swimming， and rotation show that OK has no obvious toxic or side effects. Further antagonist experiments show that MRS1523 and RS127445 can reverse the transient analgesic effect of OK compared with the high dose OK group （P<0.01）. ConclusionOK has a good analgesic effect on the CCD model without obvious toxic side effects， and its mechanism may be related to the activation of ADORA3 and HTR2B and the inhibition of STAT3， VEGFA， p-ERK， and other elements in microglia.

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of using rituximab and atoxiban in the treatment of cervical incompetence after emergency cervical cerclage surgery.Methods Sixty patients with cervical incompetence admitted from May 2020 to February 2022 were selected as the study subjects.Divide into control group A,control group B,and trial group C using random number table method,with 20 cases in each group.All three groups underwent emergency cervical cerclage surgery.After the surgical treatment,control group A received treatment with rituximab hydrochloride,control group B received treatment with atoxiban,and experimental group C received treatment with atoxiban on the basis of rituximab hydrochloride.Analyze and compare the inhibitory effects of uterine contractions,incidence of adverse reactions,and neonatal outcomes among three groups.Results The inhibition rate of uterine contractions in control group A and test group C was higher than that in control group B(P<0.05);The incidence of postoperative complications in experimental group C was lower than that in control group A and control group B,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05);Compared with control group A and control group B,the incidence of fetal loss,neonatal asphyxia,and low birth weight infant outcomes in experimental group C was not statistically significant(P>0.05).Compared with control group A and control group B,experimental group C had a longer gestational week extension and a higher Apgar score for newborns,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Conclusion The combination treatment of rituximab and atoxiban after emergency cervical cerclage surgery for this disease has good effects,can better inhibit uterine contractions,appropriately prolong gestational age,improve neonatal outcomes and prognosis,and reduce adverse drug reactions in pregnant women.

Objective:To search for evidence related to the prevention and management of mechanical complications in patients receiving enteral nutrition and to summarize the evidence.Methods:The evidence published up to March 20, 2022 was systematically retrieved from Cochrane Library, PubMed, American Clinical Guidelines Network, National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, CNKI, WanFang Data, SinoMed, etc. The literature evaluation standards and evidence grading system of the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Evidence-Based Health Care Center in Australia were used to rate the quality of the literature, evaluate and summarize the evidence.Result:A total of 13 articles were included, including 4 guidelines, 4 expert consensuses, 4 evidence summaries, and 1 case-control study. Totally 31 best evidences were formed from 8 aspects: causes of occurrence, prevention and management, proper immobilization, regular flushing, reasonable infusion of nutrient solution/medication, treatment of complications-blockage, treatment of complications-mucosal damage, and treatment of complications-unplanned extubation.Conclusions:Medical and nursing staff can use the best evidence to develop and implement prevention and management programs for mechanical complications in patients receiving enteral nutrition, strengthen the scientific management of mechanical complications in these patients, and improve the quality of life and prognosis of patients.