Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic and nonspecific disease affected by both genetic and environmental factors. Ecological and social environmental factors, including air pollutants, heavy metals, industrial pollutants and organic pollutants, diet, and lifestyle, influence the occurrence and development of IBD and regulate IBD gene expression through epigenetics and gut microbiota. This article summarizes the role of environmental factors in IBD and explores the ways in which they influence the regulation of gene expression.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic and nonspecific disease affected by both genetic and environmental factors. Ecological and social environmental factors, including air pollutants, heavy metals, industrial pollutants and organic pollutants, diet, and lifestyle, influence the occurrence and development of IBD and regulate IBD gene expression through epigenetics and gut microbiota. This article summarizes the role of environmental factors in IBD and explores the ways in which they influence the regulation of gene expression.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic gastrointestinal inflammatory disorder with unclear etiology. Existing studies indicate that diet plays an important role in both the pathogenesis and prognosis of IBD. This review summarizes clinical evidence regarding the association between diet and the development of IBD, analyze the current nutritional status of the IBD population at the prognosis level and underlying mechanisms of dietary interventions in disease management, and explores the application of precision nutrition in personalized care. The review ultimately aims to provide guidance for developing more precise and personalized dietary management strategies for IBD patients.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic gastrointestinal inflammatory disorder with unclear etiology. Existing studies indicate that diet plays an important role in both the pathogenesis and prognosis of IBD. This review summarizes clinical evidence regarding the association between diet and the development of IBD, analyze the current nutritional status of the IBD population at the prognosis level and underlying mechanisms of dietary interventions in disease management, and explores the application of precision nutrition in personalized care. The review ultimately aims to provide guidance for developing more precise and personalized dietary management strategies for IBD patients.

Objective:To analyze the clinical symptoms and epidemiological characteristics of patients with tsutsugamushi disease (TD) in Utica County, Shiyan City, providing reference for scientific prevention and control of TD.Methods:The information of 57 TD patients admitted to the Department of Infectious Diseases of the People's Hospital of Utica County in Shiyan City from January to December 2022 was collected, including age, gender, occupation, clinical manifestations (tarsus or chigger, high fever, rash and accompanying syndromes), laboratory and imaging test results, and field work and travel history. Blood samples and body crusts were collected, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were used to detect antibodies against Orientia tsugamushi (Ot-Ab-IgM) and Orientia tsutsugamushi (Ot). The scores of each patient were calculated using the TD Diagnostic Scale. A score of ≥8.5 was considered a clinical diagnosis of TD. According to the number of system functional damages (0, 1, 2, ≥3), 57 patients were divided into 4 groups, A, B, C, and D, TD was analyzed for system functional damages of each system.Results:Among the 57 TD patients, 26 (45.61%) were male and 31 (54.39%) were female, and the proportion of patients aged 40 - 79 years was 92.98% (53/57); farmers accounted for 89.47% (51/57). May was the peak of TD incidence, with 19 cases, which accounted for 33.33% (19/57) of the total number of patients affected that year. Fifty-four patients had a history of fieldwork or field trips before the onset of the disease. The incidence of high fever in 57 TD patients was 100.00%(57/57), the detection rate of body scorch or chiggers was 80.70% (46/57), and the incidence rate of rash was 98.25% (56/57); the incidence rate of tsutsugamushi disease triad (accompanied by scabs, high fever, and rash) was 80.70% (46/57); the incidence of eosinophil decline was 100.00%(57/57), and 77.19% (44/57) of TD patients experienced multiple-system functional damage (MSFD). The TD score diagnostic scale for 57 patients ranged from 8.5 to 10.5 points. After being hospitalized for 1 - 5 days, all TD patients experienced a decrease in body temperature to the normal range, and the damage to various systems functional gradually recovered.Conclusions:TD has become one of the most common natural infectious diseases in Utopia County, Shiyan City, Hubei Province. The patients are mainly middle-aged and elderly people, and the triple syndrome is a typical clinical manifestation. Asymptomatic injuries to the blood system, liver and kidneys are the most common.

Objective To investigate the protective effect of myocardial preconditioning with propofol alone vs propofol and adenosine against ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Methods Twenty-one mongrel dogs of either sex weighing 11-16 kg were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n = 7 each) : group A I/R; group B propofol + I/R and group C propofol + adenosine + I/R. The animals were anesthetized with intramuscular ketamine and intermittent i.v. boluses of thiopental, intubated and mechanically ventilated. The chest was opened and the left anterior descending (LAD) artery was occluded for 60 min followed by 120 min reperfusion. In group B propofol was infused at 5.6 mg?kg-1?h-1 for 30 min before I/ R whereas in group C adenosine 0.1 mmol was injected at the root of aorta 10 min before I/R in addition to propofol infusion. Left cardiac catheter was placed in left ventricle via left common carotid artery for MAP and left ventricular pressure monitoring. ECG, BP, HR, CVP, left ventricular systolic and end-diastolic pressure (LVSP, LVEDP), left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) cardiac output (CO) and stroke volume (SV) were monitored. Coronary perfusion pressure (CPP= DBP - LVEDP) and heart rate-pressure product (RPP= HR?SBP) were calculated. Regional wall motion (RWM) of the ischemic myocardium was scored. Results Ischemic ECG changes ( S-T segment elevation, abnormal T and arrhythmia) developed immediately after occlusion of LAD artery. LVEDP was significantly increased while CO, SV, EF, CPP and RPP were significantly decreased after LAD artery was occluded as compared to the baseline values in group A. Preconditioning with propofol alone or propofol combined with adenosine attenuated the hemodynamic changes induced by I/R. RWM score was significantly increased after LAD artery occlusion and was significantly lower in group B and C than in group A.Conclusion Propofol preconditioning can protect myocardium against I/R injury but adenosine combined with propofol does not enhance the protective effect.