This paper systematically reviewed the concept of authentication studies on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） classics and the research achievements of scholars across historical and contemporary periods. We categorized the authentication studies on TCM classics into four types， including work-oriented authentication research， metho-dological studies on authentication， extended authentication research， and single-book authentication. Multiple methods were applied comprehensively， including investigating bibliographic documents of successive dynasties， analyzing the academic contents of medical books， studying the textual characteristics of medical books， examining the cited references in medical books， verifying the biographies of authors， and analyzing the interpolations and accretions in medical books， to distinguish the authenticity of TCM classics. The academic value of authenticity identification of TCM classics is concluded in three aspects，i.e. it serves as an important means to distinguish authenticity from falsehood in TCM classics， an important guarantee for inheriting the essence of TCM literature， and a key to unlocking the academic treasure trove of TCM classics and achieving inheritance-based innovation， which will lay a solid documentary foundation for constructing identification methodologies and standardized systems.

BACKGROUND:According to different locations of lumbar disc herniation,it can be classified into many types.Among them,patients with intradural sac type lumbar disc herniation have severe clinical symptoms,which greatly affect their quality of life.Therefore,this article studies the risk factors for its onset,and improving the preoperative diagnostic rate is of great significance for the treatment and prevention of this disease.OBJECTIVE:To explore the risk factors for intradural lumbar disc herniation.METHODS:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 15 patients with intradural lumbar disc herniation(herniation group)admitted to three hospitals in Xuzhou city from May 2014 to November 2022.Propensity score matching was used to match patients with lumbar disc herniation who did not protrude into the dura mater in a ratio of 1:4.A total of 59 patients were selected and included in the non-herniation group.Clinical data were observed in the two groups.Univariate and binary logistic regression analysis,multiple linear regression,and PROBIT regression analysis were utilized to identify the relevant risk factors for intradural lumbar disc herniation.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The results of univariate analysis showed that the average disease course,proportion of segments,modified Pfiirmann grading,sacral tilt angle,proportion of previous lumbar spine surgery history,and proportion of heavy manual workers,proportion of lumbar spinal stenosis,redundancy of the cauda equina,and ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament all showed statistical differences in the herniation and non-herniation groups(P＜0.05).(2)Multivariate regression analysis showed that duration of disease,protruding segment,history of lumbar surgery,modified Pfiirmann grading,cauda equina redundancy,and lumbar spinal stenosis were independent risk factors for intradural lumbar disc herniation.(3)Based on the influencing factors,an receiver operating characteristic curve was constructed,with an area under curve of 0.956(95％CI:0.913-0.998),indicating good discrimination.(4)There was a significant correlation between the duration of the disease,the protruded segment,the history of lumbar spine surgery,the modified Pfirmann classification,cauda equina redundancy,lumbar spinal canal stenosis,and the incidence rate of intradural lumbar disc herniation.

BACKGROUND:According to different locations of lumbar disc herniation,it can be classified into many types.Among them,patients with intradural sac type lumbar disc herniation have severe clinical symptoms,which greatly affect their quality of life.Therefore,this article studies the risk factors for its onset,and improving the preoperative diagnostic rate is of great significance for the treatment and prevention of this disease.OBJECTIVE:To explore the risk factors for intradural lumbar disc herniation.METHODS:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 15 patients with intradural lumbar disc herniation(herniation group)admitted to three hospitals in Xuzhou city from May 2014 to November 2022.Propensity score matching was used to match patients with lumbar disc herniation who did not protrude into the dura mater in a ratio of 1:4.A total of 59 patients were selected and included in the non-herniation group.Clinical data were observed in the two groups.Univariate and binary logistic regression analysis,multiple linear regression,and PROBIT regression analysis were utilized to identify the relevant risk factors for intradural lumbar disc herniation.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The results of univariate analysis showed that the average disease course,proportion of segments,modified Pfiirmann grading,sacral tilt angle,proportion of previous lumbar spine surgery history,and proportion of heavy manual workers,proportion of lumbar spinal stenosis,redundancy of the cauda equina,and ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament all showed statistical differences in the herniation and non-herniation groups(P＜0.05).(2)Multivariate regression analysis showed that duration of disease,protruding segment,history of lumbar surgery,modified Pfiirmann grading,cauda equina redundancy,and lumbar spinal stenosis were independent risk factors for intradural lumbar disc herniation.(3)Based on the influencing factors,an receiver operating characteristic curve was constructed,with an area under curve of 0.956(95％CI:0.913-0.998),indicating good discrimination.(4)There was a significant correlation between the duration of the disease,the protruded segment,the history of lumbar spine surgery,the modified Pfirmann classification,cauda equina redundancy,lumbar spinal canal stenosis,and the incidence rate of intradural lumbar disc herniation.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of preoperative 3D simulation on the evaluation of rhinoplasty.Methods:From December 2017 to March 2019, patients in the Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery of the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University were randomly selected as the research subjects. According to whether they had received 3D simulation before surgery, they were divided into the experimental group (after 3D simulation before comprehensive surgery) and the control group (without 3D simulation before comprehensive surgery). Visual analogue scale (VAS) and Rhinoplasty Outcomes Evaluation (ROE ) questionnaires were used to evaluate the satisfaction of all patients preoperative and one month after surgery.Results:At the beginning of this study, a total of 97 cases were included, 97 cases were given questionnaires, and 60 cases were effectively recovered, 30 cases in each group.There was statistical significance in the improvement of the postoperative VAS scores between the experimental group and the control group ( P<0. 05). The mean improvement in the experimental group was (4. 10±0. 88) points, while the mean improvement in the control group was (2. 53±0. 73) points. There was statistical significance in the improvement of the postoperativeROE satisfaction scores between the two groups. The average preoperative satisfaction score of the experimental group was (29. 5±9. 7) points, which increased to (77. 3±13. 7) points after surgery. In the control group, the average satisfaction score was (30. 4±11. 3) points before surgery and increased to (62. 7±23. 4) points after surgery. Conclusions:3D simulation before nasal synthesis can improve the postoperative satisfaction of patients.VAS and ROE questionnaires are good tools for evaluating the effect of comprehensive rhinoplastic surgery.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of preoperative 3D simulation on the evaluation of rhinoplasty.Methods:From December 2017 to March 2019, patients in the Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery of the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University were randomly selected as the research subjects. According to whether they had received 3D simulation before surgery, they were divided into the experimental group (after 3D simulation before comprehensive surgery) and the control group (without 3D simulation before comprehensive surgery). Visual analogue scale (VAS) and Rhinoplasty Outcomes Evaluation (ROE) questionnaires were used to evaluate the satisfaction of all patients preoperatively and one month after surgery.Results:At the beginning of this study, a total of 97 cases were included. 97 cases were given questionnaires, and 60 cases were effectively recovered.There were 30 cases in each group. There was statistical significance in the improvement of the postoperative VAS scores between the experimental group and the control group ( P<0.05). The mean improvement in the experimental group was (4.10±0.88) points, while the mean improvement in the control group was (2.53±0.73) points. There was statistical significance in the improvement of the postoperative ROE satisfaction scores between the two groups. The average preoperative satisfaction score of the experimental group was (29.5±9.7) points, which increased to (77.3±13.7) points after surgery.In the control group, the average satisfaction score was (30.4±11.3) points before surgery and increased to (62.7±23.4) points after surgery. Conclusions:3D simulation before nasal synthesis can improve the postoperative satisfaction of patients. VAS and ROE questionnaires are good tools for evaluating the effect of comprehensive rhinoplastic surgery.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of preoperative 3D simulation on the evaluation of rhinoplasty.Methods:From December 2017 to March 2019, patients in the Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery of the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University were randomly selected as the research subjects. According to whether they had received 3D simulation before surgery, they were divided into the experimental group (after 3D simulation before comprehensive surgery) and the control group (without 3D simulation before comprehensive surgery). Visual analogue scale (VAS) and Rhinoplasty Outcomes Evaluation (ROE ) questionnaires were used to evaluate the satisfaction of all patients preoperative and one month after surgery.Results:At the beginning of this study, a total of 97 cases were included, 97 cases were given questionnaires, and 60 cases were effectively recovered, 30 cases in each group.There was statistical significance in the improvement of the postoperative VAS scores between the experimental group and the control group ( P<0. 05). The mean improvement in the experimental group was (4. 10±0. 88) points, while the mean improvement in the control group was (2. 53±0. 73) points. There was statistical significance in the improvement of the postoperativeROE satisfaction scores between the two groups. The average preoperative satisfaction score of the experimental group was (29. 5±9. 7) points, which increased to (77. 3±13. 7) points after surgery. In the control group, the average satisfaction score was (30. 4±11. 3) points before surgery and increased to (62. 7±23. 4) points after surgery. Conclusions:3D simulation before nasal synthesis can improve the postoperative satisfaction of patients.VAS and ROE questionnaires are good tools for evaluating the effect of comprehensive rhinoplastic surgery.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of preoperative 3D simulation on the evaluation of rhinoplasty.Methods:From December 2017 to March 2019, patients in the Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery of the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University were randomly selected as the research subjects. According to whether they had received 3D simulation before surgery, they were divided into the experimental group (after 3D simulation before comprehensive surgery) and the control group (without 3D simulation before comprehensive surgery). Visual analogue scale (VAS) and Rhinoplasty Outcomes Evaluation (ROE) questionnaires were used to evaluate the satisfaction of all patients preoperatively and one month after surgery.Results:At the beginning of this study, a total of 97 cases were included. 97 cases were given questionnaires, and 60 cases were effectively recovered.There were 30 cases in each group. There was statistical significance in the improvement of the postoperative VAS scores between the experimental group and the control group ( P<0.05). The mean improvement in the experimental group was (4.10±0.88) points, while the mean improvement in the control group was (2.53±0.73) points. There was statistical significance in the improvement of the postoperative ROE satisfaction scores between the two groups. The average preoperative satisfaction score of the experimental group was (29.5±9.7) points, which increased to (77.3±13.7) points after surgery.In the control group, the average satisfaction score was (30.4±11.3) points before surgery and increased to (62.7±23.4) points after surgery. Conclusions:3D simulation before nasal synthesis can improve the postoperative satisfaction of patients. VAS and ROE questionnaires are good tools for evaluating the effect of comprehensive rhinoplastic surgery.

Objective: To investigate the clinical effect of diced cartilage in correcting nasal alar base depression after cleft lip surgery. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in 15 patients of nasal deformity after lip surgery from January 2018 to January 2019. All the patients were taken from autologous costal cartilage to reconstruct the outline of nasal malformation, and the remaining autologous costal cartilage was cut into 0.5-1.0 mm pieces and filled into the basilar lacunar space of the nasal alar by the 1 ml syringe whose anterior needle nipples was removed. The effects of visual images before and after operation were compared and analyzed by Adobe Photoshop CS6 software. The patients were followed up for 6-15 months (mean 10months). The satisfaction and complications of the patients were investigated. Results: The nasal alar base was significantly elevated and the outline of the nasal deformity was improved in 15 patients after operation. The overall effect was satisfactory and no obvious complications were found. No obvious absorption was found in the follow-up. Conclusions The application of diced cartilage to correct the nasal alar base depression after cleft lip surgery was a feasible method with important clinical value. It advanced in taking good use of the remaining cartilage and reducing the damage to both the donor and recipient area.

Objective:To understand sexual needs and factors of risky sexual behaviors among elderly men at different ages in two communities of Qiandongnan Miao and Dong autonomous prefecture and provide basis for targeted HIV prevention and intervention.Methods:Two communities in the prefecture were selected as study sites. Questionnaire surveys were carried out among elderly men aged 50 and over who visited or consulted in the communities from June to December 2018, and they were tested for HIV and syphilis antibodies.Results:Among 400 elderly men, 209 (52.2%) were 50-64 years old, and 191(47.8%) were above 65 years old. They were mainly Miao people, accounting for 66.3% (265/400), and 235 (58.8%) had an education no more than 6 years. HIV awareness of the two age groups were only 25.8% (54/199) and 26.2% (50/191), respectively. Among those aged 50-64, 142 (68.0%) felt normal sexual desire, and 153 (73.6%) reported penile erections or erections in most cases whenever sex, and 52.9% (110) ejaculated most of the time. HIV prevalence was 1.0% (4/400). Compared with the over 65-year-old group, the proportion of having sex with spouse/stable partners (89.5%, 179/200), proportion of no condom use with their spouse/stable sexual partners during the most recent sex (93.8%, 168/179), proportion of having casual sex (11.0%, 23/209) and commercial sex (3.8%, 8/209) were all higher among 50-64 age group. In comparison to those aged over 65 years old, average monthly income>3 000, and use of sex helper, aged 50-64 ( OR=2.70, 95% CI: 1.22-5.95), average monthly income ≤1 000 yuan ( OR=2.79, 95% CI: 1.25-6.21), and no use of sex helper ( OR=3.78) (95% CI: 1.65-8.67) were related factors of HIV risky sexual behavior last time. Conclusion:Elderly men in the minority prefecture had low HIV awareness. Compared with those≥65 years old, the 50-64 age group had more active sexual behaviors and higher sexual needs. Those from 50-64 age group, with lower economic level and good sexual ability were more likely to have HIV risky sexual behaviors.

Objective:To understand sexual needs and factors of risky sexual behaviors among elderly men at different ages in two communities of Qiandongnan Miao and Dong autonomous prefecture and provide basis for targeted HIV prevention and intervention.Methods:Two communities in the prefecture were selected as study sites. Questionnaire surveys were carried out among elderly men aged 50 and over who visited or consulted in the communities from June to December 2018, and they were tested for HIV and syphilis antibodies.Results:Among 400 elderly men, 209 (52.2%) were 50-64 years old, and 191(47.8%) were above 65 years old. They were mainly Miao people, accounting for 66.3% (265/400), and 235 (58.8%) had an education no more than 6 years. HIV awareness of the two age groups were only 25.8% (54/199) and 26.2% (50/191), respectively. Among those aged 50-64, 142 (68.0%) felt normal sexual desire, and 153 (73.6%) reported penile erections or erections in most cases whenever sex, and 52.9% (110) ejaculated most of the time. HIV prevalence was 1.0% (4/400). Compared with the over 65-year-old group, the proportion of having sex with spouse/stable partners (89.5%, 179/200), proportion of no condom use with their spouse/stable sexual partners during the most recent sex (93.8%, 168/179), proportion of having casual sex (11.0%, 23/209) and commercial sex (3.8%, 8/209) were all higher among 50-64 age group. In comparison to those aged over 65 years old, average monthly income>3 000, and use of sex helper, aged 50-64 ( OR=2.70, 95% CI: 1.22-5.95), average monthly income ≤1 000 yuan ( OR=2.79, 95% CI: 1.25-6.21), and no use of sex helper ( OR=3.78) (95% CI: 1.65-8.67) were related factors of HIV risky sexual behavior last time. Conclusion:Elderly men in the minority prefecture had low HIV awareness. Compared with those≥65 years old, the 50-64 age group had more active sexual behaviors and higher sexual needs. Those from 50-64 age group, with lower economic level and good sexual ability were more likely to have HIV risky sexual behaviors.