OBJECTIVE To study the effects of sophoranone （SOP） on the biological behavior of nasopharyngeal carcinoma CNE-1 cells and mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK） signaling pathway. METHODS CNE-1 cells were divided into blank group and SOP low-， medium- and high-concentration groups （SOP-L group， SOP-M group， SOP-H group， 25， 50 and 100 μmol/L）. The number of invasive cells， the number of migratory cells， and the apoptosis rate of cells were detected. The expression levels of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase （MEK）， extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 （ERK1）， ERK2， and c-Jun N-terminal kinase （JNK） mRNA， as well as phosphorylation levels of ERK， JNK， and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase （abbreviated as “p38”） proteins in cells were all detected. Additionally， cells were divided into blank group， SOP high-concentration group （SOP- H group， 100 μmol/L）， SOP high-concentration combined with p38 inhibitor group （SOP-H+SB group， 100 μmol/L SOP+10 μmol/L SB）， and SOP high-concentration combined with JNK inhibitor group （SOP-H+SP group， 100 μmol/L SOP+10 μmol/L SP）. The number of invasive cells， cell migration rate， and the protein phosphorylation levels of JNK and p38 in cells， as well as the protein expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9（MMP-9）， proliferating cell nuclear antigen Ki67， and cleaved-caspase-3 were measured. RESULTS Compared with the blank group， SOP for each concentration could significantly decrease the number of invasive cells， the number of migratory cells， and mRNA expressions of MEK， ERK1， ERK2 （except for the SOP-L group） and JNK， but increase the apoptosis rate of cells and phosphorylation levels of ERK， JNK， and p38 proteins （P＜0.05）. Compared with the SOP-H group， the protein phosphorylation levels of p38 and JNK， and the protein expression of cleaved-caspase-3 were decreased significantly in SOP-H+SB group and SOP-H+SP group， while the number of invasive cells， cell migration rate， and the protein expression levels of MMP-9 and Ki67 were all increased significantly （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS SOP can inhibit the proliferation， migration and invasion of CNE-1 cells， and induce the apoptosis， the mechanisms of which may be associated with promoting the phosphorylation of proteins related to the MAPK signaling pathway.

Gastric cancer (GC) is a highly prevalent malignant tumor of the digestive system, with high incidences and mortality rates worldwide, posing a serious threat to human health. Studies have shown that tumor-associated neutrophils (TAN) are closely related to adverse biological behaviors of GC, such as initiation, invasion and metastasis, immune evasion, and resistance to treatment, playing a pivotal role in the pathological progression of GC. This article aims to summarize the role of neutrophils in the onset and development of GC and explore their potential applications in GC treatment by reviewing relevant literature in recent years, in order to provide reference for clinicians and basic research.
Humans ; Stomach Neoplasms/therapy* ; Neutrophils/pathology* ; Animals

ObjectiveTo investigate the potential targets and mechanisms of Draconis Sanguis (DS), a valuable traditional Chinese medicine derived from the resin of the palm tree Daemonorops draco Bl (D. Sanguis, Xue Jie), in the treatment of myocardial infarction (MI).MethodsWe explored the potential mechanisms of DS in the treatment of MI using network pharmacology, bioinformatic techniques, and transcriptomic analysis, followed by validation through in vivo and in vitro experiments.ResultsNetwork pharmacology and bioinformatic analyses identified five genes (Fpr1, Glul, Mme, Mmp9, and Pla2g7) as potential targets for MI treatment. Moreover, DS significantly ameliorated cardiac function, inflammatory responses, and MI-induced myocardial fibrosis in vivo. Transcriptomic and bioinformatic analyses identified Pla2g7 as the most critical target in the DS treatment of MI. Molecular docking revealed that the key active ingredient in DS has a strong affinity for this gene. Furthermore, DS reduced the expression of Pla2g7 (P = .0009), NLRP3 (P = .003), interleukin-18 (P .001), and interleukin-1β (P = .004) mRNAs in vivo.ConclusionsThe results indicate that DS can downregulate the expression of Pla2g7 and reduce the inflammatory response. This demonstrates the potential therapeutic target of DS and the mechanism underlying its cardioprotective effects.

Objective To establish methods for determining the leaching amount of bisphenol A monomer in metal coatings as one of the guidelines on metal materials and containers for drug packaging in the 2025 edition of the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China.Methods The formulation process of the method for determining the leaching amount of bisphenol A monomer in metal coatings was explained.Through the verification of the two analysis methods,the scientific and rational aspects of the method were examined,and the determination results of the leaching amount of bisphenol A monomer by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)and high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(HPLC-MS/MS)were compared.Results HPLC was suitable for the detection of general routine samples and can obtain experimental results more efficiently;HPLC-MS/MS has higher sensitivity and selectivity,and is more suitable for the detection of trace bisphenol A in samples with complex substrates.Conclusion Enterprises and scientific research institutions can choose their own determination methods and formulate reasonable limits according to the actual situation of products and the configuration needs of daily testing instruments.

To analyze the standard establishment approach and compilation rationale for metallic pharmaceutical packaging standard development in the 2025 edition of the Pharmacopeia of the People's Republic of China.This article systematically explained the background and process of establishing the guiding principles for metallic materials and containers used in pharmaceutical packaging in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia through basic information,relevant domestic and international standards,the establishment of key quality attributes of metallic pharmaceutical packaging materials,and the construction of metallic pharmaceutical packaging material standards.The newly established guidelines,the Pharmacopeia of the People's Republic of China 9625,prioritized product critical quality attributes(CQAs)and real-world applicability.This dual emphasis on rigidity and adaptability enhances drug safety,meets the regulatory requirements,and promotes the globalization and scientific advancement of China's pharmaceutical packaging industry.

Objective:To observe the clinical effect of the Yiqi Yangxue Shengsui Formula in the prevention and treatment of adverse bleeding events caused by platinum-based dual drugs combined with bevacizumab chemotherapy in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods:A prospective, single-center, randomized controlled trial design was adopted. The research subjects were patients with stage Ⅲb-Ⅳb non-squamous NSCLC who were hospitalized at Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from December 2022 to March 2024. Patients who met the inclusion criteria were randomly assigned to the experimental group and the control group in a 1∶1 ratio. The control group received a platinum-based doublet regimen [pemetrexed disodium for injection+cisplatin/carboplatin, or paclitaxel protein-bound for injection+cisplatin/carboplatin] combined with bevacizumab for 4 courses of treatment; the experimental group was treated with the same regimen plus the traditional Chinese medicine Yiqi Yangxue Shengsui Formula, nourishing blood and generating bone marrow. The primary observation index was the incidence and grade of adverse bleeding events during the 4 courses of treatment. The secondary observation indices were the occurrence time and duration of bleeding, the grade of the lowest platelet count during treatment, the platelet count grade at the time of bleeding, and coagulation function indicators. Results:A total of 77 patients were included, with 39 in the experimental group and 38 in the control group. Among them, 29 were male (37.7%) and 48 were female (62.3%); 35 were aged 65 years or older and 42 were younger than 65 years. There were no statistically significant differences between the 2 groups in terms of gender, age, lung cancer stage, pathological type, and chemotherapy drug selection ( P> 0.05). The incidence of adverse bleeding events in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group [17.9%(7/39) vs. 39.5%(15/38), P=0.037]. There was no statistically significant difference in the grading of adverse bleeding events between the 2 groups ( P>0.05). The duration of bleeding in the experimental group was shorter than that in the control group [(2.57±1.13) days vs. (5.67±1.80) days, P<0.001]. The minimum platelet count classification during the treatment period, and the platelet count classification at the time of bleeding in the experimental group were both better than those in the control group ( P<0.05). The prothrombin time and international normalized ratio when bleeding occurred in the experimental group were both lower than those in the control group [(10.96±0.39) s vs. (11.49±0.50) s and 0.97±0.04 vs. 1.02±0.06, P<0.05]. There were no statistically significant differences between the 2 groups of patients in terms of activated partial thromboplastin time, fibrinogen degradation products and D-dimer ( P>0.05). Conclusion:The Yiqi Yangxue Shengsui formula can effectively prevent and treat bleeding adverse events related to platinum-based dual-drug chemotherapy combined with bevacizumab in patients with advanced NSCLC. The mechanism may be related to the increase of platelet count and the improvement of exogenous coagulation function indicators.

Objective To establish methods for determining the leaching amount of bisphenol A monomer in metal coatings as one of the guidelines on metal materials and containers for drug packaging in the 2025 edition of the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China.Methods The formulation process of the method for determining the leaching amount of bisphenol A monomer in metal coatings was explained.Through the verification of the two analysis methods,the scientific and rational aspects of the method were examined,and the determination results of the leaching amount of bisphenol A monomer by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)and high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(HPLC-MS/MS)were compared.Results HPLC was suitable for the detection of general routine samples and can obtain experimental results more efficiently;HPLC-MS/MS has higher sensitivity and selectivity,and is more suitable for the detection of trace bisphenol A in samples with complex substrates.Conclusion Enterprises and scientific research institutions can choose their own determination methods and formulate reasonable limits according to the actual situation of products and the configuration needs of daily testing instruments.

To analyze the standard establishment approach and compilation rationale for metallic pharmaceutical packaging standard development in the 2025 edition of the Pharmacopeia of the People's Republic of China.This article systematically explained the background and process of establishing the guiding principles for metallic materials and containers used in pharmaceutical packaging in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia through basic information,relevant domestic and international standards,the establishment of key quality attributes of metallic pharmaceutical packaging materials,and the construction of metallic pharmaceutical packaging material standards.The newly established guidelines,the Pharmacopeia of the People's Republic of China 9625,prioritized product critical quality attributes(CQAs)and real-world applicability.This dual emphasis on rigidity and adaptability enhances drug safety,meets the regulatory requirements,and promotes the globalization and scientific advancement of China's pharmaceutical packaging industry.

Objective:To observe the clinical effect of the Yiqi Yangxue Shengsui Formula in the prevention and treatment of adverse bleeding events caused by platinum-based dual drugs combined with bevacizumab chemotherapy in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods:A prospective, single-center, randomized controlled trial design was adopted. The research subjects were patients with stage Ⅲb-Ⅳb non-squamous NSCLC who were hospitalized at Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from December 2022 to March 2024. Patients who met the inclusion criteria were randomly assigned to the experimental group and the control group in a 1∶1 ratio. The control group received a platinum-based doublet regimen [pemetrexed disodium for injection+cisplatin/carboplatin, or paclitaxel protein-bound for injection+cisplatin/carboplatin] combined with bevacizumab for 4 courses of treatment; the experimental group was treated with the same regimen plus the traditional Chinese medicine Yiqi Yangxue Shengsui Formula, nourishing blood and generating bone marrow. The primary observation index was the incidence and grade of adverse bleeding events during the 4 courses of treatment. The secondary observation indices were the occurrence time and duration of bleeding, the grade of the lowest platelet count during treatment, the platelet count grade at the time of bleeding, and coagulation function indicators. Results:A total of 77 patients were included, with 39 in the experimental group and 38 in the control group. Among them, 29 were male (37.7%) and 48 were female (62.3%); 35 were aged 65 years or older and 42 were younger than 65 years. There were no statistically significant differences between the 2 groups in terms of gender, age, lung cancer stage, pathological type, and chemotherapy drug selection ( P> 0.05). The incidence of adverse bleeding events in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group [17.9%(7/39) vs. 39.5%(15/38), P=0.037]. There was no statistically significant difference in the grading of adverse bleeding events between the 2 groups ( P>0.05). The duration of bleeding in the experimental group was shorter than that in the control group [(2.57±1.13) days vs. (5.67±1.80) days, P<0.001]. The minimum platelet count classification during the treatment period, and the platelet count classification at the time of bleeding in the experimental group were both better than those in the control group ( P<0.05). The prothrombin time and international normalized ratio when bleeding occurred in the experimental group were both lower than those in the control group [(10.96±0.39) s vs. (11.49±0.50) s and 0.97±0.04 vs. 1.02±0.06, P<0.05]. There were no statistically significant differences between the 2 groups of patients in terms of activated partial thromboplastin time, fibrinogen degradation products and D-dimer ( P>0.05). Conclusion:The Yiqi Yangxue Shengsui formula can effectively prevent and treat bleeding adverse events related to platinum-based dual-drug chemotherapy combined with bevacizumab in patients with advanced NSCLC. The mechanism may be related to the increase of platelet count and the improvement of exogenous coagulation function indicators.

Objective To investigate the effect of Yiqi Huoxue Tongluo Decoction on microRNA-126a-5p(miR-126a-5p)and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)signaling pathway in cervical spondylotic myelopathy model rats.Methods Thirty healthy male SD rats were divided into the sham operation group,the model group and the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)group by random number table method.Cervical spondylotic myelopathy models were prepared in the model group and the TCM group.The TCM group was given intragastric administration of Yiqi Huoxue Tongluo Decoction,while the sham operation group and the model group were given intragastric administration of normal saline for 12 weeks.After intervention,the threshold of mechanical stimulation and retraction time of thermal stimulation in each group were measured by behavior tests.Rats were sacrificed to collect intervertebral disc tissue for hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining and observe the number of vascular buds in intervertebral disc.Rat intervertebral disc annulus fibrosus cells were subjected to terminal dexynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling(TUNEL)staining.The miR-126a-5p and VEGF mRNA of rat intervertebral disc tissue were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).The expression of VEGF protein of rat intervertebral disc tissue was detected by Western blot assay.Results Compared with the sham operation group,the number of vascular buds in intervertebral disc was decreased in the model group and the TCM group.The cell destruction of intervertebral disc annulus was obvious in rats,and apoptosis was high and cell density decreased.Mechanical stimulation threshold decreased,and mechanical stimulation threshold decreased.The level of miR-126a-5p was decreased,and the expression levels of VEGF mRNA and protein were increased.Compared with the model group,the number of vascular buds in intervertebral disc was increased in the TCM group.The destruction of intervertebral disc annulus cells was alleviated in rats.The apoptosis of annulus fibrosus cells in intervertebral disc decreased and cell density increased.The threshold of mechanical stimulation increased,and the retraction time of thermal stimulation was prolonged.The level of miR-126a-5p increased,and the expression levels of VEGF mRNA and protein decreased(P＜0.05).Conclusion The mechanism of Yiqi Huoxue Tongluo Decoction in the treatment of cervical spondylotic myelopathy may be related to the up-regulation of miR-126a-5p expression and the down-regulation of VEGF expression.