Cervical spinal cord injury without fracture-dislocation (CSCIWFD) is referred to as a special type of cervical spinal cord injury characterized by traumatic spinal cord dysfunction and no significant bony structural abnormalities on imagines. Duo to the high risk of missed diagnosis during the initial consultation, CSCIWFD may lead to progressive neurological deterioration or even complete paralysis, severely impacting patients′ prognosis. Currently, there are no established consensuses over the diagnosis and treatment of CSCIWFD, such as the lack of evidence-based standards for indications of non-surgical treatment and risk of secondary neurological injury, as well as debates over the optimal timing for surgical intervention and indications for different surgical approaches. To address these issues, the Spine Trauma Group of the Orthopedic Branch of the Chinese Medical Doctor Association organized experts in the relevant fields to formulate Diagnosis and treatment guideline for acute cervical spinal cord injury without fracture- dislocation in adults ( version 2025) . Based on evidence-based medicine and the principles of scientific rigor and clinical applicability, the guidelines proposed 11 recommendations covering terminology, diagnosis, evaluation treatment, and rehabilitation, etc., aiming to standardize the management of CSCIWFD.

Vertebral refracture following percutaneous vertebral augmentation (PVA) is commonly seen in elderly patients with osteoporotic thoracolumbar compression fractures (OTLCF). It can lead to recurrent pain, loss of vertebral height, progression of kyphosis, and even neurological dysfunction, significantly impairing patients′ quality of life. Current diagnosis and treatment face multiple challenges, including high misdiagnosis rate, difficulty in choosing between surgical and non-surgical treatment options, lack of standardized surgical protocols, interference from intralesional bone cement during procedures, inadequate stability of internal fixation in osteoporotic bone, and suboptimal compliance of anti-osteoporotic therapy. Establishing a standardized diagnostic and therapeutic framework is urgently needed. To standardize the management process and improve outcomes for vertebral refractures after PVA in elderly OTLCF patients, Spinal Trauma Group of the Orthopedic Branch of Chinese Medical Doctor Association organized experts in the field to develop Guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of vertebral refracture after percutaneous vertebral augmentation in elderly patients with osteoporotic thoracolumbar compression fractures ( version 2025), based on current literature and clinical experience, and adhering to principles of scientific rigor and clinical applicability. A total of 11 recommendations were proposed, encompassing diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of vertebral refracture after PVA in elderly patients with OTLCF, aiming to provide a foundation for a standardized management.

Objective To compare the value of diagnosing septate uterus based on 3D ultrasound using American Society for Reproductive Medicine(ASRM)-2021,European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology and European Society of Gynecological Endoscopy(ESHRE/ESGE)-2016,Congenital Uterine Malformation by Experts(CUME)-2018 criteria.Methods A total of 164 women of childbearing age with suspected septate uterus due to obvious indentation of endometrium of fundal(indentation depth≥0.5 cm)and no obvious or mild indentation of serous membrane of fundal muscle(indentation depth＜1.0 cm)revealed by 3D ultrasound were retrospectively collected.Among them,114 cases had previous adverse pregnancy events,including infertility,abortion and ectopic pregnancy,etc.Then 3D ultrasonic manifestations of uterus were observed,the depth(septate length)and angle of endometrial depression and the depth of uterine fundus serosa depression were measured.Septate uterus was diagnosed according to ASRM-2021,ESHRE/ESGE-2016 and CUME-2018 criteria,respectively,and the diagnostic results were compared.For patients with and without previous adverse pregnancy,the diagnostic results of septate uterus using 3 kinds of criteria were compared,and the correlations of septate length and the angle of endometrial depression of septate uterus diagnosed using 3 kinds of criteria and adverse pregnancy events were analyzed.Results Among 164 cases,the diagnosis rate of septate uterus according to ASRM-2021 criteria was 43.90%(72/164),the remaining 28.05%(46/164)were non-septate uterus and 28.05%(46/164)were not clearly diagnosed.According to ESHRE/ESGE-2016 criteria,the diagnosis rate of septate uterus was 96.95%(159/164),and the other 3.05%(5/164)was non-septate uterus.The diagnosis rate of septate uterus based on CUME-2018 criteria was 73.78%(121/164),and 26.22%(43/164)was non-septate uterus.There were significant differences of diagnosing results of septate uterus based on the above three criteria(χ2=32.818-81.387,all P＜0.001).For patients with previous adverse pregnancy events,the diagnosis rate of septate uterus based on ASRM-2021 and CUME-2018 criteria were both higher than that for patients without adverse pregnancy events(both P＜0.05).No significant difference was found between patients with or without adverse pregnancy events based on ESHRE/ESGE-2016 criteria(P=0.981).Among 72,159 and 121 cases of septate uterus diagnosed according to ASRM-2021,ESHRE/ESGE-2016 and CUME-2018 criteria,respectively,57,110 and 91 cases had adverse pregnancy events,respectively.The septate length of septate uterus diagnosed using ESHRE/ESGE-2016 and CUME-2018 criteria were both positively correlated with adverse pregnancy events,and the angle of endometrial depression of septate uterus diagnosed using the above 3 kinds of criteria was negatively correlated with adverse pregnancy events(all P＜0.05).Conclusion Compared with ASRM-2021 and ESHRE/ESGE-2016 criteria,the clinical value of diagnosing septate uterus using CUME-2018 was higher.For patients with previous adverse pregnancy events,the diagnostic value of both ASRM-2021 and CMEC-2018 criteria were relatively high.

Objective To compare the value of diagnosing septate uterus based on 3D ultrasound using American Society for Reproductive Medicine(ASRM)-2021,European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology and European Society of Gynecological Endoscopy(ESHRE/ESGE)-2016,Congenital Uterine Malformation by Experts(CUME)-2018 criteria.Methods A total of 164 women of childbearing age with suspected septate uterus due to obvious indentation of endometrium of fundal(indentation depth≥0.5 cm)and no obvious or mild indentation of serous membrane of fundal muscle(indentation depth＜1.0 cm)revealed by 3D ultrasound were retrospectively collected.Among them,114 cases had previous adverse pregnancy events,including infertility,abortion and ectopic pregnancy,etc.Then 3D ultrasonic manifestations of uterus were observed,the depth(septate length)and angle of endometrial depression and the depth of uterine fundus serosa depression were measured.Septate uterus was diagnosed according to ASRM-2021,ESHRE/ESGE-2016 and CUME-2018 criteria,respectively,and the diagnostic results were compared.For patients with and without previous adverse pregnancy,the diagnostic results of septate uterus using 3 kinds of criteria were compared,and the correlations of septate length and the angle of endometrial depression of septate uterus diagnosed using 3 kinds of criteria and adverse pregnancy events were analyzed.Results Among 164 cases,the diagnosis rate of septate uterus according to ASRM-2021 criteria was 43.90%(72/164),the remaining 28.05%(46/164)were non-septate uterus and 28.05%(46/164)were not clearly diagnosed.According to ESHRE/ESGE-2016 criteria,the diagnosis rate of septate uterus was 96.95%(159/164),and the other 3.05%(5/164)was non-septate uterus.The diagnosis rate of septate uterus based on CUME-2018 criteria was 73.78%(121/164),and 26.22%(43/164)was non-septate uterus.There were significant differences of diagnosing results of septate uterus based on the above three criteria(χ2=32.818-81.387,all P＜0.001).For patients with previous adverse pregnancy events,the diagnosis rate of septate uterus based on ASRM-2021 and CUME-2018 criteria were both higher than that for patients without adverse pregnancy events(both P＜0.05).No significant difference was found between patients with or without adverse pregnancy events based on ESHRE/ESGE-2016 criteria(P=0.981).Among 72,159 and 121 cases of septate uterus diagnosed according to ASRM-2021,ESHRE/ESGE-2016 and CUME-2018 criteria,respectively,57,110 and 91 cases had adverse pregnancy events,respectively.The septate length of septate uterus diagnosed using ESHRE/ESGE-2016 and CUME-2018 criteria were both positively correlated with adverse pregnancy events,and the angle of endometrial depression of septate uterus diagnosed using the above 3 kinds of criteria was negatively correlated with adverse pregnancy events(all P＜0.05).Conclusion Compared with ASRM-2021 and ESHRE/ESGE-2016 criteria,the clinical value of diagnosing septate uterus using CUME-2018 was higher.For patients with previous adverse pregnancy events,the diagnostic value of both ASRM-2021 and CMEC-2018 criteria were relatively high.

Cervical spinal cord injury without fracture-dislocation (CSCIWFD) is referred to as a special type of cervical spinal cord injury characterized by traumatic spinal cord dysfunction and no significant bony structural abnormalities on imagines. Duo to the high risk of missed diagnosis during the initial consultation, CSCIWFD may lead to progressive neurological deterioration or even complete paralysis, severely impacting patients′ prognosis. Currently, there are no established consensuses over the diagnosis and treatment of CSCIWFD, such as the lack of evidence-based standards for indications of non-surgical treatment and risk of secondary neurological injury, as well as debates over the optimal timing for surgical intervention and indications for different surgical approaches. To address these issues, the Spine Trauma Group of the Orthopedic Branch of the Chinese Medical Doctor Association organized experts in the relevant fields to formulate Diagnosis and treatment guideline for acute cervical spinal cord injury without fracture- dislocation in adults ( version 2025) . Based on evidence-based medicine and the principles of scientific rigor and clinical applicability, the guidelines proposed 11 recommendations covering terminology, diagnosis, evaluation treatment, and rehabilitation, etc., aiming to standardize the management of CSCIWFD.

Vertebral refracture following percutaneous vertebral augmentation (PVA) is commonly seen in elderly patients with osteoporotic thoracolumbar compression fractures (OTLCF). It can lead to recurrent pain, loss of vertebral height, progression of kyphosis, and even neurological dysfunction, significantly impairing patients′ quality of life. Current diagnosis and treatment face multiple challenges, including high misdiagnosis rate, difficulty in choosing between surgical and non-surgical treatment options, lack of standardized surgical protocols, interference from intralesional bone cement during procedures, inadequate stability of internal fixation in osteoporotic bone, and suboptimal compliance of anti-osteoporotic therapy. Establishing a standardized diagnostic and therapeutic framework is urgently needed. To standardize the management process and improve outcomes for vertebral refractures after PVA in elderly OTLCF patients, Spinal Trauma Group of the Orthopedic Branch of Chinese Medical Doctor Association organized experts in the field to develop Guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of vertebral refracture after percutaneous vertebral augmentation in elderly patients with osteoporotic thoracolumbar compression fractures ( version 2025), based on current literature and clinical experience, and adhering to principles of scientific rigor and clinical applicability. A total of 11 recommendations were proposed, encompassing diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of vertebral refracture after PVA in elderly patients with OTLCF, aiming to provide a foundation for a standardized management.

Objective:To explore the role of insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1 (IGFBP1) in the diagnosis and prognosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), and to search for molecular markers that can be used for the diagnosis of NPC.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 150 NPC patients (treated from April 2014 to May 2015) at the Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shantou University Medical School, and clinical baseline data were collected from 143 healthy individuals (normal control group) during the same period. The serum IGFBP1 concentration was detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in 112 nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients and 109 normal controls in the training cohort, and was validated in the validation cohort (38 nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients and 34 normal controls). The diagnostic value of serum IGFBP1 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC).Results:Compared to the normal control group, the expression level of serum IGFBP1 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients was higher in the training and validation queues (all P<0.05). In the training queue, the area under the ROC curve was 0.768 (95% CI: 0.706-0.830), with diagnostic specificity and sensitivity of 90.83% and 48.21%, respectively. In the validation queue, the area under the ROC curve was 0.798 (95% CI: 0.697-0.899), with diagnostic specificity and sensitivity of 97.06% and 31.58%, respectively. The predictive values for positive cases in both cohorts were greater than 80%, while the predictive values for negative cases were greater than 50%. The diagnostic threshold for serum IGFBP1 in both cohorts was 1 077 ng/ml. Conclusions:IGFBP1 has practical value as a molecular marker for the diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

【Objective】 To investigate the relationship between ABO blood types and the risk of malignant tumors in Chaoshan area, Guangdong. 【Methods】 Chi-square test was used to analyze the distribution of ABO blood types between 45 890 patients with malignant tumors from the Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College and 42 465 healthy blood donors from Shantou Central Blood Bank. 【Results】 Among the main types of malignant tumors, the distributions of ABO blood types in patients with esophageal cancer or head and neck cancer were significantly different from that in the normal population (χ²=11.16, P<0.05; χ²=74.36, P<0.05; respectively). People with type B were identified with high risk of esophageal cancer and head and neck cancer (OR=1.09, 95% CI=1.03-1.15, P<0.05; OR=1.46, 95% CI=1.34-1.60, P<0.05), whereas those with type A or O were identified with low risk of head and neck cancer (OR=0.87, 95% CI=0.79-0.96, P<0.05; OR=0.83, 95% CI=0.76-0.90, P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 ABO blood type distribution in patients with esophageal cancer or head and neck cancer in Chaoshan area may be different from that in normal population, suggesting that different ABO blood types may be associated with the risk of esophageal cancer and head and neck cancer.

Objective:To understand the common viral infection among the surveillance cases of fever respiratory syndrome (FRS) in nine provinces in China.Methods:The research data were obtained from nine provinces (Anhui, Beijing, Guangdong, Hebei, Hunan, Jilin, Shandong, Shaanxi and Xinjiang) in the "Infectious Disease Surveillance Technology Platform Information Management System" of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention from January 2009 to June 2021. Finally, 8 243 FRS cases with nucleic acid detection results of eight viruses [human influenza virus (HIFV), human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV), human adenovirus (HAdV), human parainfluenza virus (HPIV), human rhinovirus (HRV), human metapneumovirus (HMPV), human coronavirus (HCoV) and human Boca virus (HBoV)] were included in the study. The χ 2 test/Fisher exact probability method was used to analyze the difference of virus detection rate in different age groups, regions and seasons. Results The M ( Q1, Q3) age of 8 243 FRS cases was 4 (1, 18) years old, and 56.56% (4 662 cases) were children under 5 years old. Males accounted for 58.1% (4 792 cases) of all cases. All cases were from outpatient/emergency department (2 043 cases) and inpatient department (6 200 cases). The virus detection rates of FRS cases from high to low were HRSV, HIFV, HPIV, HRV, HAdV, HMPV, HCoV and HBoV. Two or more viruses were detected simultaneously in 524 cases, accounting for 15.66% of virus-positive cases. The difference of the virus detection rate in different age groups was statistically significant (all P values<0.05), and the virus detection rate in children<5 years old was higher (49.96%). The positive rate of any virus in south China was higher than that in north China ( P<0.001). The virus-positive FRS cases were detected throughout the year. The detection rate of HRSV was higher in autumn and winter. The detection rate of HIFV was higher in winter. The detection rate of HMPV was higher in winter and spring. The detection rates of HPIV, HRV, HCoV and HBoV were higher in summer and autumn, while there was no significant difference in the detection rate of HAdV in different seasons. Compared with 2009-2019, the detection rate of any virus in 2020-2021 decreased from 41.37% to 37.86%. The detection rate of HIFV decreased sharply from 10.62% to 1.37%. The detection rate of HPIV decreased from 8.24% to 5.88%. The detection rate of HRV and HBoV increased from 5.43% and 1.79% to 9.67% and 3.19%, respectively. Conclusion:HRSV and HIFV infections are more common among FRS cases in nine provinces in China from 2009 to 2021, and the epidemiological characteristics of eight common respiratory viruses vary in different age groups, regions and seasons.

Objective:To understand the common viral infection among the surveillance cases of fever respiratory syndrome (FRS) in nine provinces in China.Methods:The research data were obtained from nine provinces (Anhui, Beijing, Guangdong, Hebei, Hunan, Jilin, Shandong, Shaanxi and Xinjiang) in the "Infectious Disease Surveillance Technology Platform Information Management System" of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention from January 2009 to June 2021. Finally, 8 243 FRS cases with nucleic acid detection results of eight viruses [human influenza virus (HIFV), human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV), human adenovirus (HAdV), human parainfluenza virus (HPIV), human rhinovirus (HRV), human metapneumovirus (HMPV), human coronavirus (HCoV) and human Boca virus (HBoV)] were included in the study. The χ 2 test/Fisher exact probability method was used to analyze the difference of virus detection rate in different age groups, regions and seasons. Results The M ( Q1, Q3) age of 8 243 FRS cases was 4 (1, 18) years old, and 56.56% (4 662 cases) were children under 5 years old. Males accounted for 58.1% (4 792 cases) of all cases. All cases were from outpatient/emergency department (2 043 cases) and inpatient department (6 200 cases). The virus detection rates of FRS cases from high to low were HRSV, HIFV, HPIV, HRV, HAdV, HMPV, HCoV and HBoV. Two or more viruses were detected simultaneously in 524 cases, accounting for 15.66% of virus-positive cases. The difference of the virus detection rate in different age groups was statistically significant (all P values<0.05), and the virus detection rate in children<5 years old was higher (49.96%). The positive rate of any virus in south China was higher than that in north China ( P<0.001). The virus-positive FRS cases were detected throughout the year. The detection rate of HRSV was higher in autumn and winter. The detection rate of HIFV was higher in winter. The detection rate of HMPV was higher in winter and spring. The detection rates of HPIV, HRV, HCoV and HBoV were higher in summer and autumn, while there was no significant difference in the detection rate of HAdV in different seasons. Compared with 2009-2019, the detection rate of any virus in 2020-2021 decreased from 41.37% to 37.86%. The detection rate of HIFV decreased sharply from 10.62% to 1.37%. The detection rate of HPIV decreased from 8.24% to 5.88%. The detection rate of HRV and HBoV increased from 5.43% and 1.79% to 9.67% and 3.19%, respectively. Conclusion:HRSV and HIFV infections are more common among FRS cases in nine provinces in China from 2009 to 2021, and the epidemiological characteristics of eight common respiratory viruses vary in different age groups, regions and seasons.