ObjectivePost-ischemic acute inflammation and the subsequent persistent dysregulation of the immune microenvironment represent major pathological drivers that aggravate neuronal injury and severely restrict functional recovery following ischemic stroke. Although current reperfusion therapies partially restore blood flow, they fail to effectively modulate the secondary inflammatory cascade and oxidative stress, which remain critical barriers to neurological restoration. To address this challenge, this study aimed to engineer and systematically evaluate a biomimetic nanosystem composed of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)-loaded platelet membrane-camouflaged lipid nanoparticles (PLP). This nanosystem was designed to achieve dual lesion-targeted delivery and immune microenvironment remodeling. By verifying its spatiotemporal accumulation, anti-inflammatory activity, and neuroprotective efficacy, we sought to establish an integrated therapeutic strategy that simultaneously enables lesion targeting, immune regulation, and functional recovery after ischemic injury. MethodsThe physicochemical properties of PLP, including hydrodynamic particle size, zeta potential, structural stability, and morphology, were characterized using dynamic light scattering, zeta potential analysis, and transmission electron microscopy. The preservation of platelet membrane-derived adhesion and immunoregulatory proteins was confirmed by SDS-PAGE through comparative analysis of protein band profiles between PLP and native platelet membranes. The in vitro biological activities of PLP were evaluated using two complementary cellular models. LPS-induced M1-polarized RAW264.7 macrophages were employed to assess inflammatory modulation, while oxygen glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R)-induced BV2 microglial cells and SH-SY5Y neuronal cells were utilized to investigate neuroinflammatory regulation and neuronal protection. For in vivo validation, a transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) mouse model was established to mimic ischemia-reperfusion injury. The spatiotemporal biodistribution and lesion-targeting capability of the PLP were monitored through live fluorescence imaging. Therapeutic efficacy was comprehensively evaluated by triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) immunofluorescence analysis, body weight monitoring, and neurological severity score (NSS) assessment. ResultsPLP nanoparticles displayed a uniform spherical morphology, nanoscale particle size distribution, and stable negative surface charge, indicating favorable colloidal stability and circulation potential. SDS-PAGE results confirmed the effective retention of key platelet membrane proteins associated with endothelial adhesion, immune evasion, and inflammatory regulation, demonstrating the successful biomimetic construction. Optimal therapeutic concentrations were determined in OGD/R-induced BV2 cells, where PLP exhibited excellent cytocompatibility and anti-inflammatory activity.In vitro experiments demonstrated that PLP significantly inhibited the polarization of RAW264.7 macrophages toward the pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype and markedly reduced neuronal apoptosis under ischemia-reperfusion conditions. In vivo fluorescence imaging revealed that PLP rapidly accumulated in the ischemic brain hemisphere and maintained prolonged retention for up to 7 d, suggesting enhanced lesion-specific targeting and sustained drug release. Compared with control group, PLP treatment significantly reduced cerebral infarct volume, attenuated reactive astrogliosis, improved weight recovery, and accelerated neurological functional restoration, as reflected by significantly improved NSS scores. ConclusionThis study establishes a multifunctional biomimetic nanoplatform that integrates platelet membrane-mediated active targeting with the anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, and neuroprotective properties of TGF-β1. The PLP system enables rapid lesion homing and long-term retention while synergistically regulating the post-stroke inflammatory microenvironment by suppressing pro-inflammatory immune activation, reducing neuronal apoptosis, and limiting excessive astrocyte reactivity. Importantly, this study proposes a conceptually therapeutic paradigm that combines targeted delivery with immune microenvironment remodeling to achieve comprehensive neurovascular protection. These findings provide strong experimental evidence supporting the translational potential of biomimetic nanotherapeutics as next-generation precision interventions for ischemic stroke.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the detection specificity for clinical samples and the detection capability for standard substances of five commercially available multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) nucleic acid detection kits (hereinafter referred to as the kits) for respiratory pathogens, and to provide a reference for selecting appropriate detection kits for multi-pathogen nucleic acid testing of respiratory infections. MethodsA total of 60 respiratory pathogen-positive clinical samples with known redults were selected and tested using the five kits (labeled as A, B, C, D, and E). The detection rates and Kappa coefficients were calculated to evaluate the consistency between the results from these kits and those from single-pathogen PCR kits. According to the limit of detection (LOD) provided by the kits, standard substances of respiratory pathogens (including 12 types such as influenza virus, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, and Bordetella pertussis) were diluted to four concentrations (250, 500, 1 000, and 2 000 copies·mL⁻¹). All five kits were used for detection to evaluate their respective detection capabilities. ResultsCompared with the results from single-pathogen PCR kits, the five tested kits demonstrated good consistency (all Kappa >0.80). Among them, Kit A had the highest detection rate (100.00%), followed by Kits C and E (98.33%), and then Kits B and D (95.00%). All five kits showed a relatively low false negative rate (FNR) for samples with a cycle threshold (Ct) value ≤35 (≤2.38%). However, for samples with Ct values>35, the FNR increased accordingly(average FNR=6.67%, P=0.029). Kit C exhibited the highest detection sensitivity for the tested standard substances (average LOD: 458.33 copies·mL⁻¹), followed by Kit D, then Kits A/E, and finally Kit B. ConclusionThe five multiplex PCR kits showed good consistency with single-pathogen detection results, but each had its own performance emphasis. Kit A, with the highest detection rate and high throughput, is suitable for targeted viral screening. Kit B, covering the broadest pathogen spectrum (including fungi/bacteria), is suitable for comprehensive respiratory pathogen screening. Kits C, D and E, are applicable for rapid detection. It is important to note that the detection efficacy of all kits decreases for low viral load samples with Ct values >35. In practical application, selection should be based on specific screening objectives, throughput requirements, and sample types.

bjective To analyze the growth trends of height and weight among primary and secondary school students, and explore the developmental characteristics and gender differences at different age groups, and to provide a scientific basis for adolescent health policy formulation. Methods Based on 675 175 health examination records of 227 978 students aged 6-17 years in Shiyan City from 2015 to 2024, a logistic growth model was employed to fit the curves of height and weight changes with age. Results From 2015 to 2024, height and weight showed steady increases across all age groups, exhibiting typical sigmoidal growth patterns. The growth rates varied across age groups: the younger age group (6-9 years) showed a moderate growth (annual height increase of 0.5-1.0 cm, weight increase of 0.03-0.06 kg/year), while the older age group (10-17 years) demonstrated a significant growth (annual height increase of 1.5-2.0 cm, weight increase of 0.22-0.38 kg/year). The growth rate curves displayed a unimodal distribution. The growth inflection points of male students occurred later than that of female students (height inflection point: 9.87 years for males vs. 8.98 years for females; weight inflection point: 10.70 years for males vs. 9.99 years for females). Female students experienced a more concentrated but shorter period of growth and development. The peak height growth rate was 7.40 cm/year at age 9 for females and 7.09 cm/year at age 10 for males, while the peak weight growth rate was 5.04 kg/year at age 10 for females and 5.27 kg/year at age 11 for males. Conclusion The physical development of primary and secondary school students in Shiyan City follows a logistic growth pattern, with significant gender differences and characteristics of adolescent growth spurts. Female students exhibit an earlier and more concentrated growth process.

BackgroundSuicide and self-injury risk in patients with depression disorder is associated with pain symptoms， but the relationships between specific pain types and their severity and distinct self-injury/suicide risk phenotypes remain controversial. ObjectiveTo explore whether somatic pain can reflect different self-injury/suicide risk phenotypes， and to provide references for the clinical identification of suicide and self-injury risk in patients with depression. MethodsBased on data from the National Survey on Symptomatology of Depression （NSSD）， 3 275 patients who met the diagnostic criteria for major depressive disorder in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders， fourth edition， text revision （DSM-IV-TR） were recruited. According to previous suicidal behavior， suicidal ideation and self-injury behavior in the past two weeks， patients were divided into the no self-injury/suicide risk group， self-injury group， and high suicide-risk group. The occurrence of headache， muscle soreness， trunk pain， limb pain， and other pain symptoms was assessed using the structured symptom assessment instrument of the NSSD. With the no self-injury/suicide risk group as the reference， an ordinal Logistic regression model was used to analyze the associations between the risk groups and the occurrence frequency of pain， with demographic and clinical characteristics entered into the model as covariates for adjustment. ResultsA total of 3 211 patients （98.05%） were included in the analysis， including 1 329 cases （41.39%） in the no self-injury/suicide risk group， 415 cases （12.92%） in the self-injury group， and 1 467 cases （45.69%） in the high suicide-risk group. Compared with the no self-injury/suicide risk group， the occurrence frequencies of headache （OR=1.526， 95% CI： 1.221–1.894） and muscle soreness （OR=1.287， 95% CI： 1.034–1.597） were higher in the self-injury group， and the occurrence frequencies of headache （OR=0.583， 95% CI： 0.504–0.672）， muscle soreness （OR=0.682， 95% CI： 0.597–0.780）， trunk pain （OR=0.557， 95% CI： 0.475–0.634）， limb pain （OR=0.454， 95% CI： 0.384–0.522）， and other pain difficult to localize （OR=0.542， 95% CI： 0.472–0.631） were all lower in the high suicide-risk group. ConclusionPatients with depression disorder across different self-injury and suicide risk phenotypes exhibit distinct pain characteristics， and these differences may provide a reference for the clinical identification of suicide and self-injury risk in patients with depression disorder. ［Funded by The National Key Research and Development Program of China during the "13th Five-Year Plan" period （number， 2016YFC1307100）； Shanghai Key Clinical Specialties Construction Project］

Objectives:To explore the predictive value of angiography-derived index of microcirculatory resistance(Angio-IMR)for early prognosis in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI)after percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI).Methods:This multicenter study enrolled 1 629 consecutive STEMI patients who underwent successful PCI at three grade A tertiary hospitals(The Second Affiliated Hospital,Zhejiang University School of Medicine;Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University;Renji Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine)from June 1,2017,to May 31,2020.According to postoperative Angio-IMR,patients was stratified into two groups:the Angio-IMR>40 group(n=508)and the Angio-IMR≤40 group(n=1 121).The incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events(MACE;defined as a composite endpoint including cardiac death,heart failure rehospitalization,cardiogenic shock,malignant arrhythmia,cardiopulmonary resuscitation and stent thrombosis)within 1-month post-PCI was compared between the two groups.Results:The median Angio-IMR after PCI was 32.4(22.3,42.6).The cumulative incidence of early-term MACE was significantly higher in patients with Angio-IMR>40,compared to those with Angio-IMR≤40(5.5%vs.2.3%,log-rank P<0.001).Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that Angio-IMR>40 was an independent predictor of early-term MACE(HR=2.07,95%CI:1.20-3.58,P=0.009).The addition of Angio-IMR enhanced the predicting performance of the clinical risk model to predict early adverse outcomes(AUC:0.820 vs.0.794,P=0.043).Conclusions:In patients with STEMI after PCI,Angio-IMR can predict the occurrence of early-term MACE.The incorporation of Angio-IMR to clinical models significantly improves the model ability to predict early adverse outcomes in these patients.

Objective:To analyze the prevalence trends and epidemiological characteristics of cardiometabolic multimorbidity(CMM) in Beijing from 2005 to 2022.Methods:A series of representative cross-sectional surveys were conducted in Beijing between 2005 and 2022 using a stratified multistage cluster random sampling method. A total of 110 496 permanent residents aged 18-79 years participated in face-to-face interviews, physical examinations, and laboratory testing. Complex sampling logistic regression models were employed to identify factors associated with CMM, and Joinpoint regression was used to assess temporal trends in prevalence. Results:The prevalence of CMM was 22.3% in 2005 and 24.3% in 2022, with an average annual percent change of 0.1%(95% CI -1.3%-1.3%, P>0.05). In rural areas, the prevalence increased by 1.3% per year(95% CI 0.2%-2.6%, P<0.05), while among obese individuals, it decreased by 1.0% annually( P<0.05). The most common CMM patterns were hypertension combined with dyslipidemia(13.2%), hypertension combined with diabetes(7.0%), and diabetes combined with dyslipidemia(5.8%). The prevalence of hypertension and dyslipidemia comorbidity showed a long-term decline among females, those aged 60-79 and obese individuals( P<0.05). In contrast, the prevalence of hypertension and diabetes comorbidity increased over time in rural residents and individuals with normal body weight( P<0.05). Furthermore, diabetes and dyslipidemia comorbidity rates increased significantly among males, adults aged 18-59 years, those with a college education or above, rural residents and individuals with normal body weight( P<0.05). Multivariable logistic regression indicated that male, older age, overweight, obese, and lower education level were independently associated with a higher risk of CMM( P<0.05). Conclusion:From 2005 to 2022, the prevalence of CMM remained high among adults in Beijing. While prevalence decreased among obese individuals, it increased significantly in rural areas. Hypertension combined with dyslipidemia was the most common multimorbidity pattern throughout the study period.

Objective To explore the performance of gallium nitride(GaN)-based digital circuit chips applied in nuclear radiation environments and investigate the feasibility of their use in control chips for robots transporting injured personnel.Methods First,a GaN-based NAND gate digital circuit chip was fabricated.Second,both the GaN-based digital chip and the SN74AHCT1G00 silicon-based digital chip were irradiated with 60Co gamma-ray.The irradiation doses for the GaN-based digital chip were 1 Mrad(Si)and 2 Mrad(Si),while the irradiation dose for the SN74AHCT1G00 silicon-based digital chip was 1 Mrad(Si).Finally,the post-irradiation electrical performance of the two chips was measured using a Keithley 4200A-SCS semiconductor characterization system.Results Under 60Co gamma-ray irradiation doses of 1 Mrad(Si)and 2 Mrad(Si),the response delay of the GaN-based digital circuit chip was only on the order of 0.1 μs.In contrast,the response rate of the SN74AHCT1G00 silicon-based digital circuit chip significantly degraded under 60Co gamma-ray irradiation dose of 1 Mrad(Si),rendering it unable to perform the NAND gate logic function.Conclusion GaN-based digital circuit chips exhibit high radiation resistance in 60Co gamma-ray irradiation environments,with no significant performance degradation.Compared with silicon-based digital circuit chips,they demonstrate considerable advantages and can preliminarily meet the requirements for control chips of robots transporting injured personnel in nuclear radiation environments.

With the rapid development of generative artificial intelligence(GAI)technologies,their widespread application in academic research and writing is continuously expanding the boundaries of sci-entific inquiry.However,this trend has also raised a series of ethical and regulatory challenges,inclu-ding issues related to authorship,content authenticity,citation accuracy,and accountability.In light of the growing involvement of AI in generating academic content,establishing an open,controllable,and trustworthy ethical governance framework has become a key task for safeguarding research integrity and maintaining trust within the academic community.This expert consensus outlines ethical requirements across key stages of AI-assisted academic writing-including topic selection,data management,citation practices,and authorship attribution.It aims to clarify the boundaries and ethical obligations surrounding AI use in academic writing,ensuring that technological tools enhance efficiency without compromising in-tegrity.The goal is to provide guidance and institutional support for building a responsible and sustainable research ecosystem.

AIM To investigate the effects of Rutong Ruanjian Tablets on angiogenesis in cancer tissues of rats with preneoplastic breast cancer(PBC).METHODS 60 female SD rats were randomly divided into a blank group of 10 rats and a model group of 50 rats for the establishment of the PBC models of Liver-Qi Stagnation and Blood Stasis Pattern with 9 weeks of oral administration of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene(DMBA)and cervical ligation.After successful modeling,the rats were randomly divided into the model group,the tamoxifen group(3.2 mg/kg),the Rutong Ruanjian Tablets group(128 mg/kg),the 3,5-difluorobenzoyl group(DAPT,5 mg/kg),and the Rutong Ruanjian Tablets(128 mg/kg via gavage)+DAPT(5 mg/kg intraperitoneal injection)group,for 1 month corresponding drug administration,with 10 rats in each group.Then the rats had their cancer progression and syndrome scores observed;their angiogenesis evaluated by assessment of microvascular density(MVD);their vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)expression assessed by immunohistochemistry;and their mRNA and protein expressions of proteins related to the DLL4/Notch1/Hes1 pathway measured using RT-qPCR,immunohistochemistry and Western blot.RESULTS During carcinogenesis of rats induced by DMBA,there was gradual disappearance of E-cadherin expression and consistency of HE staining result with the PBC progression confirming the success of the modeling.Compared with the blank group,the model group showed increased MVD values,mRNA expression of Notch1 and Hes1,and protein expressions of VEGF,DLL4,Notch1 and Hes1(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).Compared with the model group,the Rutong Ruanjian Tablets group exhibited reduced MVD values,mRNA expression of Notch1 and Hes1,and protein expressions of VEGF,DLL4,Notch1 and Hes1(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).The Rutong Ruanjian Tablets+DAPT group showed reduced mRNA expression of Notch1 and Hes1,and protein expressions of DLL4,Notch1 and Hes1 compared to the Rutong Ruanjian Tablets group(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).CONCLUSION Rutong Ruanjian Tablets can inhibit angiogenesis and attenuate cancer progression in PBC rats of Liver-Qi Stagnation and Blood Stasis Pattern,and the mechanism may lie in the downregulation of DLL4/Notch1/Hes1 signaling pathway related proteins.

Objective To explore the performance of gallium nitride(GaN)-based digital circuit chips applied in nuclear radiation environments and investigate the feasibility of their use in control chips for robots transporting injured personnel.Methods First,a GaN-based NAND gate digital circuit chip was fabricated.Second,both the GaN-based digital chip and the SN74AHCT1G00 silicon-based digital chip were irradiated with 60Co gamma-ray.The irradiation doses for the GaN-based digital chip were 1 Mrad(Si)and 2 Mrad(Si),while the irradiation dose for the SN74AHCT1G00 silicon-based digital chip was 1 Mrad(Si).Finally,the post-irradiation electrical performance of the two chips was measured using a Keithley 4200A-SCS semiconductor characterization system.Results Under 60Co gamma-ray irradiation doses of 1 Mrad(Si)and 2 Mrad(Si),the response delay of the GaN-based digital circuit chip was only on the order of 0.1 μs.In contrast,the response rate of the SN74AHCT1G00 silicon-based digital circuit chip significantly degraded under 60Co gamma-ray irradiation dose of 1 Mrad(Si),rendering it unable to perform the NAND gate logic function.Conclusion GaN-based digital circuit chips exhibit high radiation resistance in 60Co gamma-ray irradiation environments,with no significant performance degradation.Compared with silicon-based digital circuit chips,they demonstrate considerable advantages and can preliminarily meet the requirements for control chips of robots transporting injured personnel in nuclear radiation environments.