Objective To explore the potential causal relationship between childhood obesity and the risk of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)based on Mendel randomization(MR).Methods The genome-wide association study(GWAS)data for childhood obesity included 5 530 cases and 8 318 controls.The GWAS data for IBD included 5 673 cases and 213 119 controls.The GWAS data for ulcerative colitis included 4 320 cases and 210 300 controls.The GWAS data of Crohn's disease included 2 056 cases and 210 300 controls.The risk association between obesity and the occurrence of IBD was analyzed using the inverse variance weighted meth-od(IVW),general model,weighted model,weighted median,and MR-Egger.Results Fourteen independent single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNP)significantly associated with childhood obesity were screened out as instrumental variables.IVW analysis results showed that no potential causal association was found between childhood obesity and IBD(OR=1.048,95%CI:0.976-1.125),ulcerative colitis(OR=1.026,95%CI:0.946-1.113),and Crohn's disease(OR=1.123,95%CI:0.993-1.269,P>0.05).Conclusion There was no causal relationship between childhood obesity and the risk of IBD.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore the association between body mass index (BMI) and mortality based on the 10-year population-based multicenter prospective study. METHODS: A general population-based multicenter prospective study was conducted at four sites in rural China between 2013 and 2023. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards models and restricted cubic spline analyses were used to assess the association between BMI and mortality. Stratified analyses were performed based on the individual characteristics of the participants. RESULTS: Overall, 19,107 participants with a sum of 163,095 person-years were included and 1,910 participants died. The underweight (< 18.5 kg/m ²) presented an increase in all-cause mortality (adjusted hazards ratio [ aHR] = 2.00, 95% confidence interval [ CI]: 1.66-2.41), while overweight (≥ 24.0 to < 28.0 kg/m ²) and obesity (≥ 28.0 kg/m ²) presented a decrease with an aHR of 0.61 (95% CI: 0.52-0.73) and 0.51 (95% CI: 0.37-0.70), respectively. Overweight ( aHR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.67-0.86) and mild obesity ( aHR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.59-0.87) had a positive impact on mortality in people older than 60 years. All-cause mortality decreased rapidly until reaching a BMI of 25.7 kg/m ² ( aHR = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.92-0.98) and increased slightly above that value, indicating a U-shaped association. The beneficial impact of being overweight on mortality was robust in most subgroups and sensitivity analyses. CONCLUSION This study provides additional evidence that overweight and mild obesity may be inversely related to the risk of death in individuals older than 60 years. Therefore, it is essential to consider age differences when formulating health and weight management strategies.
Humans ; Body Mass Index ; China/epidemiology* ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Rural Population/statistics & numerical data* ; Aged ; Follow-Up Studies ; Adult ; Mortality ; Cause of Death ; Obesity/mortality* ; Overweight/mortality*

OBJECTIVE: To describe a novel arthroscopic technique of modified tri-anchor double-pulley suture-bridge in repairing medium-sized supraspinatus tendon tears and evaluate the early effectiveness. METHODS: Between June 2021 and January 2024, 26 patients with medium-sized supraspinatus tendon tears who underwent arthroscopic modified tri-anchor double-pulley suture-bridge repair and met the selective criteria were included. There were 11 males and 15 females with an average age of 61.4 years (range, 43-74 years). Five patients had a significant history of trauma, while the remaining 21 patients had no apparent cause. The time from symptom onset to hospitalization was 3-25 months (mean, 7.9 months). The effectiveness was evaluated during follow-up, including the scores of University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA), American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES), visual analogue scale (VAS), the range of forward flexion, abduction, external rotation, and internal rotation, and patient's satisfaction. Either MRI or ultrasound examination were used to evaluate structural integrity of the tendon. RESULTS: The operation time was 65-110 minutes (mean, 81.8 minutes). All patients were followed up 12-43 months (mean, 23.0 months). At 3 and 12 months after operation, the shoulder range of flexion, abduction, external rotation, and internal rotation, and the scores of VAS, UCLA, and ASES significantly improved when compared with those before operation ( P<0.05). The improvement was further observed at 12 months compared to 3 months ( P<0.05). At last follow-up, 13 patients were very satisfied with the effectiveness, 11 patients were satisfied, 1 was relatively satisfied, and 1 was dissatisfied. During follow-up, 15 patients underwent imaging examination and imaging reexamination showed that the re-tear rate of tendon was 6.6%(1/15). The remaining 11 patients refused imaging examination. Complications included partial anchor withdrawal in 1 case, shoulder stiffness in 5 cases, and mild pain in shoulder joint in 2 cases in physical activity or heavy physical activity. CONCLUSION Arthroscopic modified tri-anchor double-pulley suture-bridge technique is a novel surgical technique that uses double-loaded suture anchors as medial- and lateral-row anchors. In repairing medium-sized supraspinatus tendon tears, 6 sets of double-pulley suture-bridges can be created from one medial-row anchor; knotless medial-row can reduce re-tear rate of the tendon; good early effectiveness is obtained.
Humans ; Female ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Arthroscopy/methods* ; Adult ; Rotator Cuff Injuries/surgery* ; Aged ; Suture Techniques ; Treatment Outcome ; Suture Anchors ; Rotator Cuff/surgery* ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Tendon Injuries/surgery* ; Patient Satisfaction

BACKGROUND: Hypertension is associated with an increased risk of calcific aortic valve stenosis (CAVS). However, the directionality of causation between blood pressure traits and aortic stenosis is unclear, as is the benefit of antihypertensive drugs for CAVS. METHODS: Using genome-wide association studies (GWAS) summary statistics, we performed bidirectional two-sample univariable mendelian randomization (UVMR) to assess the causal associations of systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and pulse pressure (PP) with CAVS. Multivariable mendelian randomization (MVMR) was conducted to evaluate the direct effect of hypertension on CAVS, adjusting for confounders. Drug target mendelian randomization (MR) and summary-level MR (SMR) were used to estimate the effects of 12 classes of antihypertensive drugs and their target genes on CAVS risk. Inverse variance weighting was the primary MR method, with sensitivity analyses to validate results. RESULTS: UVMR showed SBP, DBP, and PP have causal effects on CAVS, with no significant reverse causality. MVMR confirmed the causality between hypertension and CAVS after adjusting for confounders. Drug-target MR analyses indicated that calcium channel blockers (CCBs), loop diuretics, and thiazide diuretics via SBP lowering exerted protective effects on CAVS risk. SMR analysis showed that the CCBs target gene CACNA2D2 and ARBs target gene AGTR1 were positively associated with CAVS risk, while diuretics target genes SLC12A5 and SLC12A1 were negatively associated with aortic stenosis risk. CONCLUSIONS Hypertension has a causal relationship with CAVS. Managing SBP in hypertensive patients with CCBs may prevent CAVS. ARBs might exert protective effects on CAVS independent of blood pressure reduction. The relationship between diuretics and CAVS is complex, with opposite effects through different mechanisms.

Ovarian tumor (OT) is the most lethal form of gynecologic malignancy, with minimal improvements in patient outcomes over the past several decades. Metastasis is the leading cause of ovarian cancer-related deaths, yet the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Psychological stress is known to activate the glucocorticoid receptor (NR3C1), a factor associated with poor prognosis in OT patients. However, the precise mechanisms linking NR3C1 signaling and metastasis have yet to be fully elucidated. In this study, we demonstrate that chronic restraint stress accelerates epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and metastasis in OT through an NR3C1-dependent mechanism involving nuclear protein 1 (NUPR1). Mechanistically, NR3C1 directly regulates the transcription of NUPR1, which in turn increases the expression of snail family transcriptional repressor 2 (SNAI2), a key driver of EMT. Clinically, elevated NR3C1 positively correlates with NUPR1 expression in OT patients, and both are positively associated with poorer prognosis. Overall, our study identified the NR3C1/NUPR1 axis as a critical regulatory pathway in psychological stress-induced OT metastasis, suggesting a potential therapeutic target for intervention in OT metastasis.

OBJECTIVE To observe the clinical efficacy of Yijinjing in the treatment of elderly sarcopenia and its effect on chro-nic inflammatory response in patients,and to explore the Yijinjing exercise prescription suitable for elderly patients with sarcopenia.METHODS A total of 120 elderly patients with sarcopenia admitted to the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine,Suzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from September 2022 to September 2024 were selected and randomly divided into a control group and a Yijinjing group,with 60 cases in each group.The control group received health education and dietary guidance,and the Yijinjing group received Yijinjing exercises on the basis of the intervention of the control group.The changes in skeletal muscle mass,upper and lower limb muscle strength,muscle thickness,muscle cross-sectional area,physical fitness and chronic inflammation level were observed in the two groups before and after the intervention.RESULTS After intervention,the skeletal muscle mass,grip strength,30 s sit-stand test times,rectus femoris thickness and cross-sectional area,vastus intermedius thickness,and physical fit-ness assessment of the patients in the Yijinjing group were significantly increased compared with those before treatment(P<0.05),and the indicators after intervention were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05);the serum TNF-α and IL-18 levels in the Yi-jinjing group were significantly decreased compared with those before treatment(P<0.05),and the indicators after intervention were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05);there was no statistically significant change in the biceps brachii thickness and serum IL-6 level in the Yijinjing group compared with those before treatment(P>0.05);there was no significant correlation between the bi-ceps brachii thickness and grip strength after Yijinjing intervention,r=0.139 8,P>0.05;there was a significant negative correlation between the TNF-α level and grip strength after Yijinjing intervention,r=-0.313 8,P<0.05.CONCLUSION Yijinjing exercises can improve muscle mass and strength in elderly patients with sarcopenia,and improve the physical fitness of patients,which may be related to improving the chronic inflammatory state of the body.

Purpose To investigate the application value of cardiac magnetic resonance tissue tracking imaging in assessing early heart failure(HF)in plateau environment.Materials and Methods Thirty male SD rats were randomly divided into 10 in the control group and 20 in the experimental group.The rats in the experimental group were transported to the Qinghai Plateau laboratory(average altitude 4 250 metre)for eight weeks of exposure,and then divided into the plateau hypoxia group and the plateau HF group,and the HF group was treated with 5 mg/ml Isoprenaline 10 mg/(kg·d)subcutaneously for 14 consecutive days to establish a HF rat model.The rats were then transported back to the plains(average elevation 500 metre)for 7T cardiac magnetic resonance movie sequence scanning.Cardiac function parameters and myocardial strain parameters were obtained using CVI 42 software.Myocardial pathological changes were detected using HE staining and Masson trichrome staining.Serum levels of malondialdehyde and glutathione peroxidase were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Western blot and PCR were used to detect the expression of nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2(NRF2)and heme oxygenase 1(HO-1)in myocardial tissues.Results Left ventricular ejection fraction was reduced in the HF group compared with the control group[(67.06±4.66)%vs.(61.91±2.11)%;F=4.149,P=0.037],and overall left ventricular circumferential strain was significantly reduced in the HF group compared with the control group[(-24.60±0.81)%vs.(-20.16±1.86)%;F=12.241,P=0.001],and pathologic staining showed necrosis as well as interstitial fibrosis in cardiomyocytes.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay results showed decreased glutathione peroxidase levels in the HF group[(1 079.94±70.58)U vs.(311.99±39.47)U;F=209.294,P=0.001]and increased malondialdehyde in the HF group compared with those in the control group[(7.24±2.48)μmol/L vs.(53.28±4.51)μmol/L;F=156.39,P=0.010).Western blot results showed significantly lower NRF2 and HO-1 expression in myocardial tissues of the HF group compared with those in the control group(1.00±0.00 vs.0.52±0.13;F=26.607,P=0.001).PCR results showed significantly lower NRF2 and HO-1 mRNA expression in myocardial tissues of the HF group compared with those in the control group(1.19±0.16 vs.0.31±0.07;F=84.784,P=0.010).Conclusion Magnetic resonance tissue tracking imaging can be used for early assessment of HF caused by plateau environment.

Objective:To compare the clinical outcomes and costs in arthroscopic repair of small and medium-sized supraspinatu tendon tears between double-pulley suture-bridge (DPSB) and traditional suture bridge (SB).Methods:A retrospective study was conducted at Department of Joint Surgery, The Second Hospital Affiliated to Hengyang Medical School to analyze the data of 26 patients with small and medium-sized supraspinatus tendon tears who had been treated by SB repair from May 2018 to December 2020 (SB group) and those of 35 patients with small and medium-sized supraspinatus tendon tears who had been treated by DPSB repair from January 2021 to December 2022 (DPSB group). There were 61 patients in the 2 groups, including 44 males and 17 females, with an age of (59.1±7.5) years. The left shoulder was affected in 26 patients and the right shoulder in 35 patients. The tear size was small in 25 cases and medium in 36 ones. The total number of anchors used, total anchoring costs, and surgical time were recorded and compared between the 2 groups. Visual analogue scale (VAS), American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) score and shoulder range of motion were used to evaluate the clinical outcomes of the 2 groups before surgery and at the last follow-up. Comparisons were made within and between the 2 groups. Tendon integrity was assessed using MRI or ultrasound at 3, 6, 12 months or at the last follow-up.Results:There was no statistically significant difference in the preoperative general data between the 2 groups, indicating comparability ( P>0.05). DPSB and SB groups were followed up for (28.1±3.5) and (27.1±1.8) months, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between DPSB group and SB group in surgical time or total number of anchors ( P>0.05). The total costs of anchoring in DPSB group [(6,028.6±173.4) yuan] were significantly lower than those in SB group [(13,257.1±554.2) yuan] ( P<0.05). At the last follow-up, the anterior flexion, abduction, external rotation and internal rotation of the shoulder, as well as VAS pain score, ASES score and UCLA score, were significantly better in both DPSB group and SB group than their preoperative values ( P<0.05), but there were no statistically significant differences between DPSB group and SB group ( P>0.05). There was no significant difference either in tendon retear between DPSB group (2 cases) and SB group (1 case) ( P>0.05). No such complication as wound infection or nerve damage was found in either group. Conclusions:In arthroscopic repair of small and medium-sized supraspinatu tendon tears, both DPSB and SB techniques can achieve satisfactory and comparable clinical outcomes. However, DPSB leads to lower total costs of anchoring.