Objective To investigate the effect and mechanisms of celecoxib on right heart function in mice with acute high-altitude hypoxia exposure.Methods Male C57BL/6J mice(7 weeks old)were housed in a hypobaric chamber simulating an altitude of 5 800 m for 2 d to establish an animal model of acute hypobaric hypoxia.①Eighteen mice were randomly assigned to plain+saline(P+S),high-altitude hypoxia exposure+saline(H+S),and high-altitude hypoxia exposure+celecoxib(H+Cel).Body weight and routine blood indicators were measured,and cardiac ultrasound examination were performed for heart rate(HR),pulmonary artery acceleration time to ejection time ratio(AT/ET),tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion(TAPSE),tricuspid annular systolic velocity(S'),and left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)and fractional shortening(FS).Targeted metabolomic profiling was applied to detect the cardiac arachidonic acid(AA)metabolite levels.The contents of 12,13-dihydroxy-9Z-octadecenoic acid(12,13-diHOME)in the heart,liver,brown adipose tissue,and plasma were quantified by ELISA.② Eighteen mice were randomly assigned into plain+saline(P+S),high-altitude hypoxia exposure+saline(H+S)and high-altitude hypoxia exposure+12,13-diHOME(H+di)groups.Body weight,routine blood tests,and echocardiography were performed as above.③ Thirty-two mice were randomly divided into high-altitude hypoxia exposure+saline(H+S),high-altitude hypoxia exposure+celecoxib(H+Cel),high-altitude hypoxia exposure+soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitor(sEHI)(H+sEHI),and high-altitude hypoxia exposure+sEHI+celecoxib(H+sEHI+Cel)groups.Body weight,routine blood tests,and echocardiography were performed as above.Cardiac and plasma contents of 12,13-diHOME and epoxyeicosatrienoic acids(EETs)were measured by ELISA.Results ① Compared to the P+S group,the H+S group exhibited significantly reduction of cardiac 12,13-diHOME level(P<0.001),increased counts of white blood cells(WBC)and neutrophils(P<0.01)and decreased TAPSE,S'and AT/ET both at resting state and under stress(P<0.01,P<0.001).Compared to the H+S group,the H+Cel group exhibited significantly increase of cardiac 12,13-diHOME level(P<0.05),reduced WBC and lymphocyte counts(P<0.01,P<0.05)and improved TAPSE and S'levels at resting state and under stress(P<0.01,P<0.001).② Compared to the H+S group,the H+di group demonstrated significantly improvement of TAPSE at basal and under stress(P<0.001)and a trend towards improved TAPSE at resting state(P=0.0532),but no obvious differences was observed in WBC and neutrophil counts between the H+di group and the H+S group.③ Compared to the H+Cel group,both the H+sEHI and H+sEHI+Cel groups exhibited significantly reduction of cardiac 12,13-diHOME level(P<0.01,P<0.05)though no statistical changes in cardiac function indicators.Compared to the H+S group,WBC counts and lymphocyte were decreased,and serum EETs level was incrased in the H+Cel group,H+sEHI group and H+sEHI+Cel group(P<0.01,P<0.001).Conclusion Celecoxib can elevate cardiac level of 12,13-diHOME and improves right heart function in mice after acute high-altitude hypoxia exposure through the CYP450-sEH metabolic pathway.

Objective:To summarize the patient profiles and therapeutic efficacies of ABO-incompatible living-related kidney transplantations at 19 domestic transplant centers and provide rationales for clinical application of ABOi-KT.Methods:Clinical cases of ABO-incompatible/compatible kidney transplantation (ABOi-KT/ABOc-KT) from December 2006 to December 2009 were collected. Then, statistical analyses were conducted from the aspects of tissue matching, perioperative managements, complications and survival rates of renal allograft or recipients.Results:Clinical data of 342 ABOi-KT and 779 ABOc-KT indicated that (1) no inter-group differences existed in age, body mass index (BMI), donor-recipient relationship or waiting time of pre-operative dialysis; (2) ABO blood type: blood type O recipients had the longest waiting list and transplantations from blood type A to blood type O accounted for the largest proportion; (3) HLA matching: no statistical significance existed in mismatch rate or positive rate of PRA I/II between two types of surgery; (4) CD20 should be properly used on the basis of different phrases; (5) hemorrhage was a common complication during an early postoperative period and microthrombosis appeared later; (6) no difference existed in postoperative incidence of complications or survival rate of renal allograft and recipients at 1/3/5/10 years between ABOi-KT and ABOc-KT. The acute rejection rate and serum creatinine levels of ABOi-KT recipients were comparable to those of ABOc-KT recipients within 1 year.Conclusions:ABOi-KT is both safe and effective so that it may be applied at all transplant centers as needed.

Objective:To explore the value of prenatal MRI in the diagnosis of isolated mild and moderate bilateral ventriculomegaly and neural development of the fetuses after birth.Methods:This is a retrospective study involving 244 singleton fetuses with isolated mild or moderate lateral ventriculomegaly diagnosed by both prenatal ultrasound and MRI in Huzhou Maternity & Child Health Care from May 2013 to June 2017, consisting of 82 cases with bilateral ventriculomegaly (BVM) and 162 with unilateral ventriculomegaly (UVM). The two groups were further divided into two subgroups: mild (lateral ventricle width: 10.0-12.0 mm, bilateral 56 cases, unilateral 120 cases) and moderate group (lateral ventricle width: >12.0-<15.0 mm, bilateral 26 cases, unilateral 42 cases). In addition, 50 singleton fetuses without any abnormality in the nervous system in prenatal check were included in the control group during the same period. All neonates were reexamined by ultrasound within one week after birth, and followed up regularly at the age of 3, 6, 12 and 18 months. Gesell Development Schedules (GDS) were used to evaluate the central nervous system's function, and postnatal changes in lateral ventriculomegaly were observed. Statistical analysis was performed by t, F, Chi-square tests (or Fisher's exact test). Results:(1) There was no difference among intervals between MRI scan and delivery in the BVM, UVM, and the control groups. The disappearance rate of lateral ventriculomegaly after birth was 80.4% (45/56) in the mild BVM group, 42.3% (11/26) in the moderate BVM group, 88.3% (106/120) in the mild UVM group, and 57.1% (24/42) in the moderate UVM group ( χ2=35.183, P<0.001). (2) The GDS evaluation results in the BVM group at 6, 12, and 18 months after birth were worse than those in the UVM group (all P<0.0167). The GDS evaluation results in the BVM group were worse than those in the control group at 3 and 6 months after birth [3 months: normal: 58.5% (48/82) vs 86.0% (43/50), borderline: 22.0% (18/82) vs 10.0% (5/50), delay: 19.5% (16/82) vs 4.0% (2/50), χ2=11.425; 6 months: normal: 63.4% (52/82) vs 88.0% (44/50), borderline: 19.5% (16/82) vs 8.0% (4/50), delay: 17.1% (14/82) vs 4.0% (2/50), χ2=9.678; all P<0.0167]. (3) The GDS evaluation results in the moderate BVM group at 6, 12, and 18 months after birth were worse than those in the moderate UVM group [6 months: normal: 30.8% (8/26) vs 69.0% (29/42), borderline: 30.8% (8/26) vs 21.4% (9/42), delay: 38.5% (10/26) vs 9.5% (4/42), χ2=11.417; 12 months: normal: 53.8% (14/26) vs 88.1% (37/42), borderline: 23.1% (6/26) vs 9.5% (4/42), delay: 23.1% (6/26) vs 2.4% (1/42), χ2=11.199; 18 months: normal: 65.4% (17/26) vs 95.2% (40/42), borderline: 15.4% (4/26) vs 2.4% (1/42), delay: 19.2% (5/26) vs 2.4% (1/42), χ2=10.568; all P<0.0167]. The GDS evaluation results of the moderate BVM group at 3, 6, 12, and 18 months after birth were worse than the control group. (4) In the BVM group, the GDS scores at 18 months of age were better than those at three months of age ( χ2=8.224, P=0.016). Conclusions:(1) Most mild BVM would disappear spontaneously after birth, while more in mild UVM cases. (2) The postnatal GDS evaluation results of the BVM group is significantly worse than that of the UBM group at months of age; (3) Fetuses with less severe isolated BVM are more likely to have improved GDS score after birth.

Objective To preliminarily explore the clinical efficacy of ipsilateral simultaneous pancreas and kidney transplantation (SPK) .Methods Ipsilateral SPK was performed in 40 patients from September 2016 to August 2018 .During a follow-up period of 6 to 29 months ,we summarized the efficacy and complications of the technique .Results Up to now ,38 patients achieved an exceelent clinical efficacy with no major surgical complications .However ,two patients died of severe pneumonia .The postoperative serum levels of creatinine at 3 ,6 ,12 ,24 months were 107 ,102 ,107 ,110 umol/L ;creatinine clearance rate 64 ,67 ,64 ,63 ml/min;fasting glucose 4 .6 ,5 .1 ,4 .6 ,5 .2 mmol/L ;glycated hemoglobin 4 .8％ , 5 .4％ ,4 .9％ ,5 .2％ respectively .And 1/2-year pancrea and kidney graft survival rates both were 92％ . Complications included kidney graft rejection (n= 11) ,pancreas graft rejection (n= 12) ,simultaneous renal & pancreas graft rejection (n=6) ,renal graft DGF (n=1) ,pulmonary infection (n=14) ,urinary tract infections (n=18) ,gastrointestinal bleeding (n=10) diarrhea (n=6) ,splenic venous thrombosis (n=2) ,incomplete ureteric obstruction of renal allograft (n=3) ,urine leakage (n=1) and pancreas allograft dysfunction (n= 2) .There were no severe surgical complications .After aggressive interventions ,all postoperative complications were cured and none required excision of kidney or pancreas .Conclusions Ipsilateral SPK has definite therapeutic efficacy and it is worth wider popularization .

Objective To investigate the safety of young recipients undergoing living donor renal transplantation from elderly relative donors through long-term follow-up of the pathological changes. Methods According to the age of donors, 28 young recipients were divided into the observation group (n=14, elderly donors) and control group (n=14, young and middle-aged donors). The 7-year survival after renal transplantation, the serum creatinine (Scr) levels at various postoperative time points were compared between two groups. The chronic pathological injury scores of renal allograft biopsy at time-zero, postoperative 6-month and 7-year were compared between two groups. The expression levels of renal interstitial fibrosis indicators connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, laminin (LN), fibronectin (FN), cell senescence indicators intercellular connexin (Cx)-43 and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) at postoperative 6-month and 7-year were compared between two groups. Results The 7-year survival rates in the observation and control groups were 78.5% and 92.8% with no statistical significance (P > 0.05). In the observation and control groups, the levels of Scr were 190 and 160 μmol/L at the postoperative 7 d, and 170 and 125 μmol/L at postoperative 1 month. At each postoperative time point, the levels of Scr in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (all P > 0.05). The total chronic pathological injury scores of renal transplant biopsy at time-zero in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P > 0.05), whereas the total chronic pathological injury scores at postoperative 7-year did not significantly differ between two groups (P > 0.05). Within either group, the total chronic pathological injury scores at postoperative 7-year was remarkably higher than those at time-zero and postoperative 6-month (both P < 0.05). The expression levels of CTGF, TGF-β, LN, FN, mTOR, Cx43 of renal transplant tissue at postoperative 7-year did not significantly differ between two groups (all P > 0.05). Conclusions The long-term follow-up outcomes demonstrate that the pathological changes of young recipients undergoing renal transplantation from elderly donors are similar to those from young and middle-aged donors. It is safe and feasible for young recipients to undergo renal transplantation from elderly donors in the pathological perspective.

In order to investigate the density, distribution and seasonal dynamics of mosquito populations in Yongxing Island of Sansha City, mosquitoes were collected with methods of mosquito-lured lamp and artificial biting in four kinds of mosquito-habitats from April 2016 to March 2017. A total of 2 030 adult mosquitoes were collected, belonging to 5 species. The Culex quinquefasciatus population were dominant in number. There was statistical significance in the composition ratio of mosquitoes in different habitats by χ2 test. The seasonal growth curves were bimodal type. The annual two density peaks always exist, one from May to June and the other from August to September. Among them, the monitoring density in the annul and the lowest density existing in December (5.58/person·hour). Risk assessment showed that mosquito bites, the risk of harassment would be extremely high risk, and the risk of epidemic encephalitis, yellow fever, chikungunya fever, Zika virus disease, dengue fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever is moderate risk. The annual mosquito density in Yongxing Island of Sansha City is at a relatively high level. Monitoring should be strengthened to prevent the colonization and spread of foreign mosquito-borne diseases in Yongxing Island, Sansha City.

In this paper, a design space approach was applied to optimize the dropping process of Ginkgo biloba dropping pills. Firstly, potential critical process parameters and potential process critical quality attributes were determined through literature research and pre-experiments. Secondly, experiments were carried out according to Box-Behnken design. Then the critical process parameters and critical quality attributes were determined based on the experimental results. Thirdly, second-order polynomial models were used to describe the quantitative relationships between critical process parameters and critical quality attributes. Finally, a probability-based design space was calculated and verified. The verification results showed that efficient production of Ginkgo biloba dropping pills can be guaranteed by operating within the design space parameters. The recommended operation ranges for the critical dropping process parameters of Ginkgo biloba dropping pills were as follows: dropping distance of 5.5-6.7 cm, and dropping speed of 59-60 drops per minute, providing a reference for industrial production of Ginkgo biloba dropping pills.

Objective To investigate the quality of life and psychological status of donors and recipients of living-related donor kidney transplantation. Methods Selected the treatment of living donors in the hospital (n = 80)and recipients(n = 80)from January 2014 to January 2017 as the research objects,and 80 cases of hemodialysis patients at the same period as the control group. Using the SF-36,Zung Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS),and the Self-rating Depression Scale(SDS)to evaluate the psychological status of the two groups and com-pared.Results Scores of donors′physiological function,and general health compared with the norms were not sig-nificant(P>0.05),while the somatic pain scores were significantly lower than the norms(P<0.05).There was no difference between the donors group and the norms in scores of vitality,social function and emotional function (P>0.05).The scores of physical health and mental health of recipients were significantly higher than those of the control group(P < 0.05). The donors′ SAS and SDS anxiety and depression scores were significantly higher than the norms(P<0.05).Besides,SAS and SDS anxiety and depression scores of the recipients were also significantly higher than the norms(P < 0.05),but significantly lower than the control group(P < 0.05). Conclusion The living-related donor kidney transplantation does not affect the quality of life and psychological state of the donor, but can improve the quality of life and reduce the anxiety and depression of the recipient.

Objective To explore treatment methods of donor kidney with single calculus in living renal transplantation and their effect.Methods The treatment experience of donor kidneys with unilateral renal calculus in living renal transplantation of 3 cases was summarized,which were diagnosed before operation.The kidney with renal calculus was excised as the donor kidney;ureteroscopic lithotomy was conducted in vitro,and then renal transplantation was performed by routine operation.Results There was no early complication such as delayed graft function and acute rejection in 3 recipients after operation.Three pairs of donors and recipients were followed up for 34,45 and 62 months respectively.The color Doppler ultrasound examination of urinary system after renal transplantation showed that,new renal calculus and urinary tract obstruction did not occur in donor's preserved kidneys and recipient's transplant kidneys.Renal function of all donors and recipients was good.Three donors were followed up until now,and no abnormal urine routine was discovered.One recipient developed IgA nephropathy,which was considered to be recurrent nephropathy and had nothing to do with renal calculus.Conclusions The donor kidney with single calculus in living renal transplantation can be treated effectively by ureteroscopic lithotomy in vitro after donor kidneys are excised.

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of Modified Dachengqi Decoction (MDD) as whole course therapy on mediators of inflammation in severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) model rats, and to compare interventional advantages over intestinal mucosal barrier (IMB) of SAP rats between whole course therapy of MDD and early stage therapy of MDD.

METHODSTotally 190 SD rats were divided into five groups according to random digit table, i.e., the sham-operation group, the model group, the octreotide (OT) group, the early stage MDD treatment group, the whole course MDD treatment group, 38 in each group. SAP models were established with retrograde injection of 5% sodium taurocholate into the pancreaticobiliary duct. Three hours after modeling normal saline (NS) was administered to rats in the sham-operation group and the model group by gastrogavage, once per 12 h.1.35 µg/100 g OT was subcutaneously injected to rats in the OT group, once every 8 h. 0.4 mL/100 g MDD was administered to rats in the early stage MDD treatment group, and 6 h later changed to NS (once per 12 h).0.4 mL/100 g MDD was administered to rats in the whole course MDD treatment group, once every 12 h. The accumulative survival rate and morphological manifestations of pancreas and small intestine were observed under microscope 48 h after modeling. Pathologic scores of the pancreas and small intestine were conducted at 4, 6, 24, and 48 h after modeling. Contents of serum amylase (AMY), alanine transaminase (ALT), and TNF-α were also detected. The expression of high mobility group box protein 1 (HMGB1) in the small intestine tissue was also detected by Western blot. The positive rate of bacterial translocation in mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) was observed within 48 h. Correlations between serum TNF-α or HMGB1 in small intestinal tissue and pathological scores of the pancreas or the small intestine were analyzed.

RESULTSThe accumulative survival rate was 100. 0% in the sham-operation group, 79. 2% in the whole course MDD treatment group, 70. 8% in the OT group, 45. 8% in the early stage MDD treatment group, and 37.5% in the model group. At 6 h after modeling, pathological scores decreased more in the whole course MDD treatment group, the early stage MDD treatment group, the OT group than in the model group (P < 0.05). At 24 and 48 h after modeling, pathological scores of the pancreas and the small intestine decreased more in the whole course MDD treatment group and the OT group than in the early stage MDD treatment group (P <0. 05). At 6, 24, and 48 h after modeling, serum contents of AMY and ALT both decreased more in the whole course MDD treatment group, the early stage MDD treatment group, the OT group than in the model group (P < 0.05). At 48 h after modeling serum contents of AMY and ALT both decreased more in the whole course MDD treatment group and the OT group than in the early stage MDD treatment group (P < 0.05). At 6 h after modeling serum TNF-α levels decreased more in the whole course MDD treatment group, the early stage MDD treatment group, the OT group than in the model group (P < 0.05). At 6, 24, and 48 h after modeling the level of HMGB1 in the small intestinal tissue decreased more in the whole course MDD treatment group, the early stage MDD treatment group, the OT group than in the model group (P < 0.05). Of them, HMGB1 levels at 24 and 48 h were lower in the whole course MDD treatment group and the OT group than in the early stage MDD treatment group (P < 0.05). The number of MLNs bacterial translocation at 48 h after modeling was lower in the whole course MDD treatment group and the OT group than in the early stage MDD treatment group and the model group (P < 0.05). Serum TNF-α contents within 6 h were positively correlated with pathological scores of pancreas (r = 0.579, P < 0.01). ROC curve showed that serum TNF-α contents could predict the severity of SAP (ROC = 0.990, 95% Cl: 0.971 to 1.000). HMGB1 in the small intestine was positively correlated with pathological scores of the small intestine (r = 0.620, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSEarly stage use of MDD could effectively reduce the release of TNF-α, while whole course use of MDD could effectively inhibit the expression of HMGB1. The latter could preferably attenuate injuries of the pancreas and the small intestine, lower MLNs bacterial translocation, and elevate the survival rate.

Animals ; Bacterial Translocation ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; HMGB1 Protein ; Intestinal Mucosa ; drug effects ; Octreotide ; Pancreas ; Pancreatitis ; drug therapy ; Plant Extracts ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Taurocholic Acid ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha