Objective:To demonstrate the plasma of exercise rats has the effect of repairing spinal cord injury.After in-jecting the running plasma,the beneficial effects of exercise on neurogenesis are reproduced,and the mecha-nism of action of motor secretory factors in repairing spinal cord injury is revealed.Method:The modified Allen's method was used to establish the model of spinal cord injury in rats.The rats with spinal cord injury were treated with exercise plasma or control plasma by tail vein injection for 28 days.Meanwhile,BBB scores were performed on 1d,3d,7d,14d,21d and 28d respectively.The changes of loco-motion ability of hind limbs of rats were recorded.The cavity area after injury was observed by HE staining,and the expression level of mature nerve cell marker NeuN was detected by Western Blot.Result:The aerobic exercise model was successfully constructed.The body weight gain of rats in the exercise group was significantly lower than that in the non-exercise group(n=20,P<0.001).The ability to move and flexibility of the hind limbs of rats with spinal cord injury were significantly improved after they were given running plasma(n=6,P<0.01).Meanwhile,exercise plasma also can promote wound healing and hair growth.The results of HE staining showed that the syringomyelia was significantly reduced and the number of surviv-ing neurons was increased in the exercise plasma group compared with other groups.Western Blot results showed that the expression of NeuN protein,a marker of mature neurons,was significantly increased in the group given exercise plasma(n=3,P<0.001).Conclusion:Exercise plasma can promote the recovery of motor function after spinal cord injury,and its mechanism involves neuronal protection.

Objective:To demonstrate the plasma of exercise rats has the effect of repairing spinal cord injury.After in-jecting the running plasma,the beneficial effects of exercise on neurogenesis are reproduced,and the mecha-nism of action of motor secretory factors in repairing spinal cord injury is revealed.Method:The modified Allen's method was used to establish the model of spinal cord injury in rats.The rats with spinal cord injury were treated with exercise plasma or control plasma by tail vein injection for 28 days.Meanwhile,BBB scores were performed on 1d,3d,7d,14d,21d and 28d respectively.The changes of loco-motion ability of hind limbs of rats were recorded.The cavity area after injury was observed by HE staining,and the expression level of mature nerve cell marker NeuN was detected by Western Blot.Result:The aerobic exercise model was successfully constructed.The body weight gain of rats in the exercise group was significantly lower than that in the non-exercise group(n=20,P<0.001).The ability to move and flexibility of the hind limbs of rats with spinal cord injury were significantly improved after they were given running plasma(n=6,P<0.01).Meanwhile,exercise plasma also can promote wound healing and hair growth.The results of HE staining showed that the syringomyelia was significantly reduced and the number of surviv-ing neurons was increased in the exercise plasma group compared with other groups.Western Blot results showed that the expression of NeuN protein,a marker of mature neurons,was significantly increased in the group given exercise plasma(n=3,P<0.001).Conclusion:Exercise plasma can promote the recovery of motor function after spinal cord injury,and its mechanism involves neuronal protection.

【Objective】 To compare the effects of 3 rehydration methods before blood donation on the prevention of on-site and delayed blood donation-related vasovagal response (VVR) . 【Methods】 From January to June 2021, 6 250 whole blood donors in 6 fixed blood donation sites signed informed consent and were divided into 198 clusters according to donor sites and dates, then they were randomly assigned to receive either oral rehydration salts (ORS), sugar water, or water group, and each drank 500 mL of ORS, sugar water or water within 20 minutes before blood donation. The researchers recorded the actual intervention accepted on site, and recorded the immediate VVR and related information. At rest after blood donation, donors submitted an electronic questionnaire containing socio-demographic information. At 48 hours after blood donation, the researchers called back every donor to record delayed VVR and related information. Logistic regression based on intention to treat (ITT) was used to analyze the difference of the incidence of VVR among the three groups, and the average treatment effect on treated (ATT) was calculated. PASS 2021was used to estimate the sample size and R (4.2.0) for statistical analysis. 【Results】 The cumulative incidence of blood donation-related VVR was 2.67% (2.29%-3.11%) among street whole blood donors under the 3 rehydration methods, in which, the incidence of immediate and delayed VVR was 1.02% (0.79%-1.31%) and 1.65% (1.36%-2.01%) respectively. ITT analysis found that ORS were more effective than water in reducing the incidence of delayed VVR【OR=0.59,95% CI[0.37,0.94]】.There was no significant difference in the incidence of immediate VVR between any two groups (P > 0.05), and there was no significant difference in the incidence of delayed VVR in the sugar water group compared with the water group (P > 0.05). There was a difference of -0.013 (【95% CI[-0.022, -0.004]】or -0.008【95% CI[-0.017, -0.000]】in the incidence of delayed VVR in the ORS group compared with water group or sugar water group, the difference was significant (P<0.05). The cumulative VVR of the three groups showed similar results to the delayed VVR. 【Conclusion】 Drinking ORS before blood donation is the most effective rehydration method to prevent delayed VVR. The next step is to establish the predictive model of delayed VVR to screen the susceptible population and provide them with ORS before blood donation, while other population can choose any liquid they like, thus achieving personalized blood donation-related VVR prevention and control.

[Objective] To explore the characteristics of lifestyle behaviors and mental health status among blood donors in Guangzhou, and to investigate the correlation between donation frequency and these factors. [Methods] A cross-sectional study was conducted among 13 042 whole blood donors from 17 street blood donation sites of Guangzhou Blood Center from May to August 2020. Descriptive analysis was used to describe the characteristics of lifestyle behaviors and mental health status among blood donors in Guangzhou. Ordinal multinomial logistic regression model was used to analyze the correlation between donation frequency and these factors. [Results] It was found that some of 13 042 blood donors had unhealthy habits, such as 6.8% (698/10 214，2 828 missing values) had severe tobacco dependence, 30.6% (3 997/13 042) had low exercise levels, 38.8%（5 056/13 042）had poor sleep quality, and 2.2% (271/12 159，883 missing values) had alcohol dependence. In addition, 2.8% (364/13 042) and 1.3% (172/13 042) of the donors may have moderate to severe depression and anxiety symptoms, respectively. The results of the ordinal multinomial logistic regression model showed that exercise level was significantly negatively correlated with the degree of depression and anxiety among blood donors. With the decrease in exercise level, the possibility of depression and anxiety among donors increased significantly. BMI, household income, education level, marital status, donation frequency, alcohol consumption and smoking had no significant correlation with the mental health status of donors. [Conclusion] Improving the exercise habits of blood donors may help enhance their mental health level. It is recommended that blood station staff strengthen the content of exercise when providing health education to blood donors to maintain a healthy lifestyle. It also suggests that there may be a certain degree of under-diagnosis of mental health problems in the process of health consultation before blood donation, and conducting more comprehensive and effective mental health assessments for blood donors is recommended.

The skull, surrounding the brain parenchyma, plays a role of protection and support. With the in-depth study of the interface of the central nervous system, ossified vascular channels connecting the dura and the skull bone marrow for cells traffic have been found, and the neuroimmune function of the skull has been gradually paid attention to. Here, this review will introduce the anatomy and immune function of the skull bone marrow, and then explore its changes during health and disease. It will further highlight the role of the skull bone marrow in neurological diseases such as stroke, glioblastoma, and neurodegenerative diseases.

Depression is a complex mental disease with polygenic inheritance and a high incidence.Our understanding of the clinical manifestations and pathogenesis of depression has recently improved.Continuous progress in gene-editing technologies has increased the construction efficiency and reduced the cost of gene-knockout animals,leading to their increasing use in the fields of basic research and drug development for depression and providing a powerful tool for revealing the pathogenesis of depression.In this review,we summarize recent progress in understanding the roles and mechanisms of candidate genes in depression using knockout model mice.

【Objective】 To investigate the prevalence of depression in blood donors and analyze the related factors, so as to develop a rapid depression screening model for blood donors. 【Methods】 A total of 13 015 street whole blood donors in Guangzhou Blood Center during May to August, 2020 filled in an anonymous e-questionnaire, including social demography information and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 before donation. The cut-off value for detecting depression was 10. Logistic regression by SPSS 26.0 was used to analyze depression related factors. 2-level decision tree with 30/10 as the minimum number of cases in parent/child node, 10-fold cross validation was used to cut items of PHQ-9 to form the depression screening model. 【Results】 364 out of 13 015 (2.80%) street whole blood donors reported a score ≥ 10. Donors with 18-29 years old (P <0.05), unmarried (P<0.05), less than 50 000 RMB household income per year (P< 0.05) were more prone to depression. 81.96% donors in "<10 scores" group, while 3.85%donors in "≥ 10 scores" group were in two terminal nodes formed by Item-6, 2 and 4 of PHQ-9. After verification by the 10 fold crossover method, the estimated misclassification risk of the model was 1.7%. 【Conclusion】 The screening prevalence of depression based on PHQ-9 in Guangzhou blood donors was 2.8%(95% CI: 2.52%-3.09%) . Donation frequency was not related to depression. A rapid and efficient depression screening model for blood donors based on item-6, 2 and 4 of PHQ-9 was developed.

【Objective】 To investigate whether the blood donors' coagulation status may lead to apheresis platelet aggregation in vitro. 【Methods】 Thirty blood donors with aggregation in apheresis platelets collected by AMICUS blood cell separator no less than 3 times previously and occurred when the last time of apheresis donation were observed in aggregated group (referred to as the experimental group); Thirty donors without aggregation in apheresis platelets collected by AMICUS blood cell separator no less than 3 times were observed in the control group simultaneously. The basic platelet parameters in the two groups, including Plt, MPV, PDW, Pet, P-LCR were detected by automatic blood cell analyzer (BC-3000Plus), and thromboelastogram indexes including reaction time(R), kinetics time(K), kinetics of clot development(α), maximum amplitude (MA) and coagulation index(CI) were tested by Thrombosis elastography (TEG) before collection. With SPSS24.0 software, t test was used to compare the differences between the two groups. 【Results】 The CI value in experimental group was significantly different from that of the control group (0.48± 1.00 vs -0.99 ±1.96, P< 0.05), and there was no significant difference in all above basic platelet parameters and other TEG parameters (P>0.05 ) . 【Conclusion】 The coagulation status of blood donors may be an independent risk factor for the in vitro aggregation of apheresis platelets.

【Objective】 To investigate the changes of platelet, white blood cell, red blood cell counts, Hb and PCV before and after plateletpheresis donation. 【Methods】 10 444 platelet donors who donated platelet from Aug 1, 2019 to Jul 31, 2020 were selected as subjects, among which first-time donors were selected as control group and donors who donated twice or more as donation group. After matching gender and age using Propensity Score Matching method in the two groups, the changes of platelet, white blood cell, red blood cell counts, Hb and PCV of platelet blood donors were compared by t test. 【Results】 There were a slight increase in Plt (t=-6.651, P<0.05), a decrease in WBC (t=2.312, P<0.05), a decrease in hemoglobin(t=4.643, P<0.05), and no change in RBC (t=1.439, P>0.05) and in PCV (t=0.030, P>0.05) after plateletpheresis donation. 【Conclusion】 Plateletpheresis donation has an effect on some peripheral blood parameters, but within the normal reference range.

Objective:To construct the second and fourth generations of CAR-T cells targeting fibroblast activation protein (FAP) on the surface of stromal carcinoma-associated fibroblasts and compare their characteristics in vitro and in vivo. Methods:ELISA was used to detect the cytokines secreted by CAR-T cells. Cell proliferation and viability were analyzed by counting. Chemotactic ability was tested by Transwell migration assay. Distribution of T cell subsets was analyzed by flow cytometry. Cytotoxicity was assessed by luciferase bioluminescence. The safety and therapeutic effects were evaluated in a NOG mouse model of metastatic human lung cancer.Results:The expression rates of the second and fourth generations of CAR-T cells (h4BBz CAR-T and h4BBz-7.19 CAR-T) were (74.280±4.384)% and (67.220±4.013)%, respectively. The h4BBz-7.19 CAR-T cells had better in vitro proliferation and chemotactic activity than h4BBz CAR-T cells as they were able to secrete IL-7 and CCL19, while the viability of h4BBz-7.19 CAR-T cells was comparable to that of h4BBz CAR-T cells. There was no significant difference in the expression rate of h4BBz CAR or h4BBz-7.19 CAR between CD4 + T and CD8 + T cells. The proportions of both Naive cells and T memory stem cells (TSCM) in CD4 + and CD8 + T cells were higher in h4BBz-7.19 CAR-T cells than in h4BBz CAR-T cells. Moreover, h4BBz-7.19 CAR-T cells possessed stronger specific cytotoxicity on the target cancer cells than h4BBz CAR-T cells when the ratio of effectors/targets was low ( P1∶1=0.004, P2∶1=0.000 6, P5∶1<0.000 1, P10∶1=0.022, P20∶1=0.116), while the expression of PD-1 on the surface of h4BBz-7.19 CAR-T cells was lower than that on h4BBz CAR-T cells. In the NOG mouse model of metastatic human lung cancer, h4BBz-7.19 CAR-T cells could slow the tumor growth and prolong the survival time of mice without causing weight loss or pathological changes in the organs. Conclusions:The fourth-generation CAR-T cells targeting FAP were shown to have stronger proliferation, better penetration and more potent specific cytotoxicity by secreting IL-7 and CCL19 and could slow the tumor growth and prolong survival by improving tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment. This study provided reference for the clinical application of the fourth generation of CAR-T cells.