This study was aimed at understanding the Babesia species makeup and distribution in small mammals in Jinsha River Basin of Yunnan Province,and the Babesia carriage status in small mammals in this area,to provide a scientific basis for the preven-tion and control of Babesia disease.A total of 1 493 small mammals belonging to 5 orders,10 families,25 genera,and 54 species were captured from 10 counties(cities)in the Jinsha River Basin of Yunnan Province in various agricultural and forest environments.DNA was extracted from liver and tick tissues,and 150 bp fragments of Babesia 18S rRNA were detected through molecular biological methods.The positive samples showed amplification of a 1 600 bp target fragment of 18S rRNA.Species characteristics were assessed through sequence comparison and phylogenetic analysis.A total of 14 small mammals infected with Babesia were detected in six coun-ties(cities)of Jinsha River Basin,Yunnan Province,with a positivity rate of 0.93%(14/1 493).The Otsu and Kobe types of Babesia voles were analyzed,and their sequences were compared with the sequences from human Babesia cases with high similarity and close evolutionary relationships.The positivity rates were 2.34%(3/128)in Qiaojia County,2.06%(2/97)in Yongshan County,1.88%(4/213)in Yuanmou County,1.03%(3/291)in Deqin County,0.95%(1/105)in Shangri-La City,and 0.78%(1/128)in Shuifu County.The positive small mammals belonged to one order,two families,six genera,and the following eight species:P.leucurus 5.56%(1/18),R.brunneusculus 3.36%(4/119),M.minutus 3.33%(1/30),E.custos 2.94%(1/34),N.confucianus 2.65%(3/113),N.fulvescens 2.35%(2/85),A.latronum 1.16%(1/86),and A.draco 0.98%(1/102).The detection of Babesia in M.minutus was re-poorted first time.Small animals infected with Babesia were detected in all three habitats and altitudes,and higher infection rates were observed in forest regions between 1 500 and 2 500 meters and high-altitude residential areas.Babesia infection was found in many small mammals in several counties(cities)along Jinsha River in Yunnan Province,and the epidemic status of Babesia in these areas warrants attention.

Spine fracture and dislocation are common traumatic spinal conditions that often require surgical intervention due to compromised spinal stability. Surgical approaches include anterior, posterior, and combined anterior-posterior spinal procedures. According to the specific surgical requirements, patients may be placed in the prone position or repositioned between prone and supine positions during surgery. Intraoperative repositioning has become an essential step in patient positioning. However, during repositioning, patients with spinal fracture and dislocation are at increased risk for complications such as hemodynamic instability, nerve injury, and pressure injuries to the skin and soft tissue. Notably, due to the instability of the spinal cord, even minor manipulations can further exacerbate the damage, potentially leading to severe outcomes like paraplegia. Although the current clinical guidelines provide instructive recommendations for standard position, there remains no specific protocols for intraoperative repositioning in patients with spine fracture and dislocation. With a concern for the lack of clinical studies on positioning techniques, risk prevention, and operational norms for special patients, no applicable guidelines or standards are available. A consensus was required to provide clinical reference, meet the requirements of surgical treatment, and minimize the safety risks of patients caused by improper placement of positions. Professional Committee of Operating Room Nursing of Shaanxi Nursing Association organized experts in nursing management and operating room nursing from major hospitals across China to formulate Expert consensus on intraoperative repositioning for patients with spinal fracture and dislocation ( version 2025). The consensus provides 11 recommendations covering pre-repositioning preparation, intraoperative maneuvers, and post-repositioning observation, aiming to provide references for clinical standardization of the intraoperative repositioning process and protection of patients′ safety.

Spine fracture and dislocation are common traumatic spinal conditions that often require surgical intervention due to compromised spinal stability. Surgical approaches include anterior, posterior, and combined anterior-posterior spinal procedures. According to the specific surgical requirements, patients may be placed in the prone position or repositioned between prone and supine positions during surgery. Intraoperative repositioning has become an essential step in patient positioning. However, during repositioning, patients with spinal fracture and dislocation are at increased risk for complications such as hemodynamic instability, nerve injury, and pressure injuries to the skin and soft tissue. Notably, due to the instability of the spinal cord, even minor manipulations can further exacerbate the damage, potentially leading to severe outcomes like paraplegia. Although the current clinical guidelines provide instructive recommendations for standard position, there remains no specific protocols for intraoperative repositioning in patients with spine fracture and dislocation. With a concern for the lack of clinical studies on positioning techniques, risk prevention, and operational norms for special patients, no applicable guidelines or standards are available. A consensus was required to provide clinical reference, meet the requirements of surgical treatment, and minimize the safety risks of patients caused by improper placement of positions. Professional Committee of Operating Room Nursing of Shaanxi Nursing Association organized experts in nursing management and operating room nursing from major hospitals across China to formulate Expert consensus on intraoperative repositioning for patients with spinal fracture and dislocation ( version 2025). The consensus provides 11 recommendations covering pre-repositioning preparation, intraoperative maneuvers, and post-repositioning observation, aiming to provide references for clinical standardization of the intraoperative repositioning process and protection of patients′ safety.

This study was aimed at understanding the Babesia species makeup and distribution in small mammals in Jinsha River Basin of Yunnan Province,and the Babesia carriage status in small mammals in this area,to provide a scientific basis for the preven-tion and control of Babesia disease.A total of 1 493 small mammals belonging to 5 orders,10 families,25 genera,and 54 species were captured from 10 counties(cities)in the Jinsha River Basin of Yunnan Province in various agricultural and forest environments.DNA was extracted from liver and tick tissues,and 150 bp fragments of Babesia 18S rRNA were detected through molecular biological methods.The positive samples showed amplification of a 1 600 bp target fragment of 18S rRNA.Species characteristics were assessed through sequence comparison and phylogenetic analysis.A total of 14 small mammals infected with Babesia were detected in six coun-ties(cities)of Jinsha River Basin,Yunnan Province,with a positivity rate of 0.93%(14/1 493).The Otsu and Kobe types of Babesia voles were analyzed,and their sequences were compared with the sequences from human Babesia cases with high similarity and close evolutionary relationships.The positivity rates were 2.34%(3/128)in Qiaojia County,2.06%(2/97)in Yongshan County,1.88%(4/213)in Yuanmou County,1.03%(3/291)in Deqin County,0.95%(1/105)in Shangri-La City,and 0.78%(1/128)in Shuifu County.The positive small mammals belonged to one order,two families,six genera,and the following eight species:P.leucurus 5.56%(1/18),R.brunneusculus 3.36%(4/119),M.minutus 3.33%(1/30),E.custos 2.94%(1/34),N.confucianus 2.65%(3/113),N.fulvescens 2.35%(2/85),A.latronum 1.16%(1/86),and A.draco 0.98%(1/102).The detection of Babesia in M.minutus was re-poorted first time.Small animals infected with Babesia were detected in all three habitats and altitudes,and higher infection rates were observed in forest regions between 1 500 and 2 500 meters and high-altitude residential areas.Babesia infection was found in many small mammals in several counties(cities)along Jinsha River in Yunnan Province,and the epidemic status of Babesia in these areas warrants attention.

Objective: To explore the clinical characteristics of various types of infected pancreatic necrosis(IPN) and the prognosis of different treatment methods in the imaging classification of IPN proposed. Methods: The clinical data of 126 patients with IPN admitted to the Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University from December 2018 to December 2021 were analyzed retrospectively. There were 70 males(55.6%) and 56 females(44.4%), with age(M(IQR)) of 44(17)years (range: 12 to 87 years). There were 67 cases(53.2%) of severe acute pancreatitis and 59 cases (46.8%) of moderately severe acute pancreatitis. All cases were based on the diagnostic criteria of IPN. All cases were divided into Type Ⅰ(central IPN)(n=21), Type Ⅱ(peripheral IPN)(n=23), Type Ⅲ(mixed IPN)(n=74) and Type Ⅳ(isolated IPN)(n=8) according to the different sites of infection and necrosis on CT.According to different treatment strategies,they were divided into Step-up group(n=109) and Step-jump group(n=17). The clinical indicators and prognosis of each group were observed and analyzed by ANOVA,t-test,χ² test or Fisher exact test,respectively. Results: There was no significant difference in mortality, complication rate and complication grade in each type of IPN(all P>0.05). Compared with other types of patients, the length of stay (69(40)days vs. 19(19)days) and hospitalization expenses(323 000(419 000)yuan vs. 60 000(78 000)yuan) were significantly increased in Type Ⅳ IPN(Z=-4.041, -3.972; both P<0.01). The incidence of postoperative residual infection of Type Ⅳ IPN was significantly higher than that of other types (χ²=16.350,P<0.01). There was no significant difference in the mortality of patients with different types of IPN between different treatment groups. The length of stay and hospitalization expenses of patients in the Step-up group were significantly less than those in the Step-jump group(19(20)days vs. 33(35)days, Z=-2.052, P=0.040;59 000(80 000)yuan vs. 122 000(109 000)yuan,Z=-2.317,P=0.020). Among the patients in Type Ⅳ IPN, the hospitalization expenses of Step-up group was significantly higher than that of Step-jump group(330 000(578 000)yuan vs. 141 000 yuan,Z=-2.000,P=0.046). The incidence of postoperative residual infection of Step-up group(17.4%(19/109)) was significantly lower than that of Step-jump group(10/17)(χ²=11.980, P=0.001). Conclusions: Type Ⅳ IPN is more serious than the other three types. It causes longer length of stay and more hospitalization expenses. The step-up approach is safe and effective in the treatment of IPN. However, for infected lesions which are deep in place,difficult to reach by conventional drainage methods, or mainly exhibit "dry necrosis", choosing the step-jump approach is a more positive choice.
Male ; Female ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Pancreatitis, Acute Necrotizing/complications* ; Acute Disease ; Intraabdominal Infections/complications* ; Necrosis/complications* ; Treatment Outcome

Objective:To compare the safety and efficacy of the " step-up approach" versus the " step-jump approach" in treatment of infected pancreatic necrosis (IPN).Method:The clinical data of IPN patients who underwent step-up strategy or step-jump strategy treatment at the Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University from December 2018 to November 2022 were analyzed retrospectively. Propensity score matching (PSM) was done based on the nearest neighbor matching method (1: 1 ratio). After matching the baseline data (the caliper value was 0.01), a total of 62 patients with IPN were included, including 41 males and 21 females, aged (41.1±13.1) years old. Patients who were treated with the step-up strategy were included in the step-up group, while patients who were treated with the step-jump strategy were included in the step-jump group. There were 31 patients in each group after PSM, and the treatment effect of the two groups were compared.Results:Of the 62 patients with IPN, 43 received surgical intervention, and 19 were managed successfully using symptomatic anti-inflammatory treatment or percutaneous catheter drainage. The total hospitalization cost of patients in the step-jump group was significantly higher than that in the step-up group [122 000 (73 000, 179 000) yuan vs. 88 000 (46 000, 144 000) yuan, P=0.034]. The overall cure rate of IPN patients in the step-jump group was 93.5%(29/31). The 2 patients who died had type Ⅲ IPN. In the IPN patients in the step-up group were all cured, and the overall cure rate was 100%(31/31), with no death. There were no statistical differences between the two groups in the rates of death, postoperative complications, residual infection, debridement ≥2 times, and positive bacterial culture in blood or drainage fluid (all P>0.05). A total of 19.4% (12/62) patients had postoperative complications, including 4 patients with abdominal bleeding, 3 patients with new organ dysfunction, 2 patients with gastrointestinal bleeding, 2 patients with gastrointestinal fistula, and 1 patient with venous thrombosis in both lower limbs. Conclusion:Both the step-up treatment strategy and the step-jump treatment strategy were safe and effective for treatment of IPN patients.

Patrinia villosa, regarding its functions in clearing heat and detoxification and eliminating carbuncles and pus, is widely used as a traditional medicinal herb that contains rich nutrition and substances such as various amino acids, vitamins, and soluble su-gar, and it is also an edible wild herb in Chinese folk tradition for 2 000 years. In 1973, Japanese scholars firstly separated three iridoids from Japanese P. villosa, and by 2021, chemical components such as flavonoids, iridoids, organic acids, triterpenoids, phenylpropanoids, and steroids have been found, which have multiple pharmacological effects, including antioxidant, antitumor, anti-diarrhea, antibacterial, sedative, and liver protection capabilities. Studies indicate that flavonoids, saponins, phenylpropanoids, and triterpenoids in P. villosa are vital substances for its pharmacological activities. However, the quality of this medicinal material cannot be controlled due to the unclear records in ancient books in the past dynasties and different drug use habits in different places, and thus its circulation is chaotic. At present, researchers have used flavonoids, organic acids, phenylpropanoids, triterpenoid saponins, and other compounds to conduct studies in this regard. Therefore, on the basis of the existing literature resources, we comprehensively summarize the chemical constituents, pharmacological activities, and quality control of P. villosa to further provide a reference for the safety and effectiveness of clinical drug use and lay a foundation for the follow-up experimental research.
Patrinia/chemistry* ; Flavonoids/pharmacology* ; Saponins ; Triterpenes/pharmacology* ; Iridoids ; Quality Control

Objective:To explore the effect of low frequency magnetic stimulation on myelin and inflammation in the callosum of demyelinated mice.Methods:Thirty-six 6 to 8-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into a control group, a cuprizone (CPZ) group and a magnetic therapy group. The CPZ group and the magnetic therapy group had demyelination induced by feeding a mixed diet containing 0.3% CPZ for 6 weeks, while the control group was given conventional food. The magnetic therapy group was given 50Hz 10mT magnetic stimulation during the 6 weeks for 20min daily, 5 days a week. The body mass of each mouse was observed every 7 days. At the end of the 6th week elevated cross maze experiments were conducted to observe any anxiety state. The myelin sheath in the corpus callosum was observed using Luxol fast blue staining and myelin basic protein (MBP) immunohistochemistry Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in the corpus callosum were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.Results:After the 6 weeks of treatment, the average body mass of the mice in the magnetic therapy group had improved significantly compared with the CPZ group. The CPZ group′s times in the elevated cross maze experiments were significantly shorter than those of the control group and also shorter than those of the magnetic therapy group. The Luxol staining showed significant myelin loss in the corpus callosum of the CPZ group, but compared with the CPZ group the average loss of myelin in the magnetic therapy group was significantly less. This was further confirmed by the MBP immunohistochemistry. Compared with the control group, the average expression of MBP in the CPZ group was significantly reduced, while in the magnetic therapy group it was significantly increased. Compared with the control group, the average TNF-α and IL-1β levels in the corpus callosum of the CPZ group increased significantly, but compared with the CPZ group the average levels in the magnetic therapy group had decreased significantly.Conclusions:Low frequency magnetic stimulation improves the body weight and anxiety state of mice. That is probably related to less myelin loss and inhibited inflammatory response in the corpus callosum.

Objective To explore the clinical effect of inner heating dry needle therapy on nonspecific chronic neck pain (NCNP). Methods From October, 2017 to March, 2018, 60 patients with NCNP were randomly divided into needle group (n=30) and magner group (n=30). The needle group received inner heating dry needle therapy, and the magner group received hot magner therapy. They were measured the strain ratio (SR) of bilateral trapezius muscles, scalp clamp muscles, cephalospinal muscles, semispinalis muscles and multifidus muscles with ultrasound elastography before, and one week and one month after treatment, respectively, while they were assessed with Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) of pain and Neck Disability Index (NDI). Results The scores of VAS and NDI decreased in both groups one week and one month after treatment (t>2.693, P<0.05), and decreased more in the needle group than in the magner group (F>8.048, P<0.001). SR of all the muscles decreased in the needle group one week and one month after treatment (F>6.22, P<0.01), and only decreased in the right cephalospinal muscles in the magner group (F=4.35, P<0.05).Conclusion Inner heating dry needle therapy could recover the neck muscle elasticity to relieve pain and improve ceivical function in patients with NCNP.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the changes in the population and distribution intestinal microflora and their relationship with depression in post-stroke patients.

METHODSFecal specimens were obtained from 32 patients with post-stroke depression and 30 healthy adults for gene sequencing of 16S RNA V3 region of the intestinal microorganism using Roche/45 high-throughput sequencing platform.

RESULTSThe genus and species of intestinal bacteria showed significant differences between the post-stroke patients and health adults.

CONCLUSIONSignificant changes in the structure of intestinal flora occur in patients with post-stroke depression.

Adult ; Case-Control Studies ; Depression ; complications ; microbiology ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing ; Humans ; Intestines ; microbiology ; Stroke ; complications ; psychology