[摘 要] 目的：探讨鸦胆子油乳剂（BJOE）对食管鳞状细胞癌TE-1细胞增殖、凋亡和自噬的影响及其可能的机制。方法：按干预措施的不同，将TE-1细胞分为对照组、RAPA（自噬激动剂）组、740Y-P（PI3K激活剂）组、BJOE组、BJOE+RAPA组和BJOE+740Y-P组。采用FCM、克隆形成、Transwell实验检测细胞凋亡、增殖、迁移和侵袭能力，qPCR法检测细胞中PI3K、Akt、mTOR、LC3Ⅰ、LC3Ⅱ、p62、Beclin 1、caspase-3的mRNA表达，WB法检测PI3K、Akt、mTOR及其磷酸化、LC3Ⅱ/Ⅰ、p62、Beclin 1、caspase-3的蛋白表达。结果: 与对照组比较，RAPA组和BJOE组细胞凋亡率均显著升高（均P<0.01），细胞克隆形成率、迁移和侵袭能力均显著降低（均P<0.01），细胞中PI3K、Akt、mTOR的mRNA和蛋白磷酸化水平均显著降低（均P<0.05），p62的mRNA和蛋白水平显著降低（均P<0.01），LC3Ⅱ/Ⅰ、Beclin 1和caspase-3的mRNA和蛋白水平显著升高（均P<0.05），740Y-P组的结果则相反（均P<0.05）；与RAPA组或740Y-P组比较，BJOE+RAPA组或BJOE+740Y-P组细胞凋亡率显著升高（均P<0.01），克隆形成率、细胞侵袭和迁移能力显著降低（均P<0.01），PI3K、Akt、mTOR的mRNA和蛋白磷酸化水平均显著降低（均P<0.05），p62的mRNA和蛋白水平均显著降低（均P<0.05），LC3Ⅱ/Ⅰ、Beclin 1和caspase-3 mRNA和蛋白水平显著升高（均P<0.05）。结论: BJOE显著抑制TE-1细胞增殖、迁移、侵袭并促进细胞凋亡与自噬，其机制可能与抑制PI3K/Akt/mTOR信号通路的激活有关。

Objective:To study the effects of short-term (30 d) exposure to different levels of PM 2.5 on oocyte quality, embryo quality and pregnancy outcomes in patients with early-follicular phase downregulation scheme. Methods:From December 2018 to February 2019, and from July to September 2019, 348 patients with early-follicular phase downregulation scheme who underwent assisted reproduction and assisted pregnancy in the Reproductive Medicine Center, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine were selected as the research objects in this retrospective cohort study. According to PM 2.5 new air quality standard, with 115 μg/m 3 as the cut-off value, the patients were divided into high exposure group ( n=94) and low exposure group ( n=254). During the period from the start of ovulation induction to the pregnancy test day, the activity areas of the patients are in the urban area of Shiyan City. The PM 2.5 of atmospheric fine particles during this period was calculated, including total amount and daily average amount. The effects of fine particulate matter PM 2.5 on ovum abnormality rate, embryo quality (number of available embryos, number of high-quality embryos, high-quality embryo rate, and blastocyst formation rate) and pregnancy outcome (pregnancy rate, abortion rate, live birth rate and proportion of low birth weight infants) were compared between the two groups. Results:Compared with the low exposure group, the number of available embryos (3.9±1.1 vs. 4.3±1.2, P=0.005), the number of high-quality embryos (2.9±1.5 vs. 3.4±1.7, P=0.001), high-quality embryo rate [35.5% (352/992) vs. 40.4% (792/1 959), P=0.009] and proportion of low birth weight infants [21.4% (12/56) vs. 5.13% (8/156), P<0.001] in the high exposure group were significantly decreased, and there was no significant difference in other data. Conclusion:Short-term exposure to high levels of PM 2.5 had significant negative effects on the number of available embryos, the number of high-quality embryos, the rate of high-quality embryos and proportion of low birth weight infants in the early-follicular phase down-regulation scheme.

Objective:To study the effects of short-term (30 d) exposure to different levels of PM 2.5 on oocyte quality, embryo quality and pregnancy outcomes in patients with early-follicular phase downregulation scheme. Methods:From December 2018 to February 2019, and from July to September 2019, 348 patients with early-follicular phase downregulation scheme who underwent assisted reproduction and assisted pregnancy in the Reproductive Medicine Center, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine were selected as the research objects in this retrospective cohort study. According to PM 2.5 new air quality standard, with 115 μg/m 3 as the cut-off value, the patients were divided into high exposure group ( n=94) and low exposure group ( n=254). During the period from the start of ovulation induction to the pregnancy test day, the activity areas of the patients are in the urban area of Shiyan City. The PM 2.5 of atmospheric fine particles during this period was calculated, including total amount and daily average amount. The effects of fine particulate matter PM 2.5 on ovum abnormality rate, embryo quality (number of available embryos, number of high-quality embryos, high-quality embryo rate, and blastocyst formation rate) and pregnancy outcome (pregnancy rate, abortion rate, live birth rate and proportion of low birth weight infants) were compared between the two groups. Results:Compared with the low exposure group, the number of available embryos (3.9±1.1 vs. 4.3±1.2, P=0.005), the number of high-quality embryos (2.9±1.5 vs. 3.4±1.7, P=0.001), high-quality embryo rate [35.5% (352/992) vs. 40.4% (792/1 959), P=0.009] and proportion of low birth weight infants [21.4% (12/56) vs. 5.13% (8/156), P<0.001] in the high exposure group were significantly decreased, and there was no significant difference in other data. Conclusion:Short-term exposure to high levels of PM 2.5 had significant negative effects on the number of available embryos, the number of high-quality embryos, the rate of high-quality embryos and proportion of low birth weight infants in the early-follicular phase down-regulation scheme.