OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effects of intradermal needling for pain and tear film stability in patients after pterygium excision. METHODS: A total of 76 patients (98 affected eyes) with primary pterygium were randomly divided into an observation group (38 cases, 53 affected eyes) and a control group (38 cases, 45 affected eyes).In the control group, only pterygium resection was performed, in the observation group, intradermal needling after pterygium resection was applied at Cuanzhu (BL 2), Yuyao (EX-HN 4), Taiyang (EX-HN 5), Sibai (ST 2), Hegu (LI 4), removed after 24 h and changed three times a week. The pain level of 3 days after surgery, dry eye symptoms, the basic tear secretion test (Schirmer-Ⅰ), and the tear-break time (BUT) changes before surgery, 2 weeks after surgery and 4 weeks after surgery were compared between the two groups, and the clinical efficacy was evaluated. RESULTS: The pain level of 3 days after surgery in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (<0.05). The dry eye symptom scores at 2 weeks and 4 weeks after surgery in the two groups were significantly lower than those before surgery (all <0.05), and the dry eye symptom scores in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (both <0.05). The Schirmer-Ⅰ test at 2 weeks and 4 weeks after surgery was significantly prolonged than that before surgery(all <0.05), and the Schirmer-Ⅰ test in the observation group was significantly longer than that in the control group (both <0.05). The BUT at 2 weeks and 4 weeks after surgery in the two groups was significantly longer than that before surgery (all <0.05), and the BUT in the observation group was significantly longer than that in the control group (both <0.05). The total effective rate in the observation group was 89.5% (34/38), which was higher than 71.1% (27/38) in the control group (<0.05). CONCLUSION Intradermal needling can effectively reduce the pain level of patients after pterygium resection, improve dry eye symptoms, promote the secretion of tears and improve the tear film stability.
Acupuncture Points ; Dry Eye Syndromes ; Humans ; Pain ; Pterygium ; Tears

PURPOSE: Bell palsy is an idiopathic peripheral facial nerve paralysis of sudden onset. Though the incidence in children is relatively lower than adult population, it is not uncommon. Because of its' relative rarity and good prognosis, there have been few studies about clinical features and courses of Bell palsy in pediatric population. The aim of our study was to report the clinical characteristics and practices of Bell palsy in children and adolescent in a single center. METHODS: We reviewed medical records of 70 patients diagnosed as Bell palsy in Daegu Catholic University Medical Center from September 2006 to June 2017 retrospectively. We included only first episode. RESULTS: Of the 70 patients, 35 was male, 35 was females. Median age was 102 months. There was no seasonal difference. Median duration of palsy was 3 days. The first symptoms were auricular pain (14%), facial palsy (83%), eye pain (1%), and dysguesia (1%). Preceding viral infection was present in 49% of patients. 26% of patients were treated with steroid alone, and 74% of cases were treated with steroid plus acyclovir. Oriental medicine was accompanied in 14% of patients. Among 49 patients who were followed over 4 weeks, 44(90%) had complete recovery. The recovery rates were 68% (4 weeks), 91% (3months), and 100% (10 months). Recurrent rate was 4%. CONCLUSION: The prognosis of Bell palsy in pediatric population was good, and recovery rates were 68% within 4 weeks, and 100% by 10 months after palsy onset.
Academic Medical Centers ; Acyclovir ; Adolescent* ; Adult ; Bell Palsy* ; Child* ; Daegu ; Eye Pain ; Facial Nerve ; Facial Paralysis ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Medical Records ; Medicine, East Asian Traditional ; Paralysis ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Seasons

PURPOSE: We report short-term treatment effects of a mini-scleral lens in patients with Stevens-Johnson syndrome and corneal ectasia. CASE SUMMARY: A 54-year-old female who had been diagnosed with Stevens-Johnson syndrome and keratoconus presented with persistent right eye pain and decreased visual acuity. Therapeutic lenses, topical antibiotic eye drops, and topical steroid eye drops were used; however the symptoms were not controlled, then the patient was treated with a mini-scleral contact lens in the right eye. At the time of the first visit to our hospital 17 years ago, and the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of the right eye was logMAR 0.22. However, Stevens-Johnson syndrome and corneal ectasia were severe and cataract surgery was considered because of worsening cataracts, but the patients refused this surgery. At the time, the BCVA of the right eye was then reduced to logMAR 1.10. On ophthalmic examination, there was conjunctival fibrosis and corneal neovascularization of the right eye. The symptoms were not managed with a using a therapeutic lens, and then the patient was prescribed a mini-scleral contact lens. After wearing the mini-scleral contact lens, the corneal and conjunctival neovascularization was reduced. After 6 months, the BCVA of the right eye improved to logMAR 0.60. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with Stevens-Johnson syndrome and corneal ecstasia, mini-scleral contact lens can be considered as a useful treatment option for visual improvement and symptom control.
Cataract ; Contact Lenses ; Corneal Neovascularization ; Dilatation, Pathologic ; Eye Pain ; Female ; Fibrosis ; Humans ; Keratoconus ; Middle Aged ; Ophthalmic Solutions ; Stevens-Johnson Syndrome ; Visual Acuity

PURPOSE: We report a rare case of isolated traumatic aniridia in a pseudophakic eye. CASE SUMMARY: A 69-year-old female came to our emergency department complaining of right eye pain and visual disturbance after trauma due to fall on the stairs. Five years earlier she had undergone an uncomplicated right sutureless phacoemulsification cataract extraction through a 2.2 mm temporal clear corneal incision, followed by insertion of a folding intracapsular intraocular lens. Total iris expulsion occurred through the cataract incision without extension of the wound or disruption of the posterior capsule or intraocular lens. CONCLUSIONS: We report a rare case of isolated traumatic aniridia in a pseudophakic eye, which has not been reported in the Republic of Korea.
Aged ; Aniridia ; Cataract ; Cataract Extraction ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Eye Pain ; Female ; Humans ; Iris ; Lenses, Intraocular ; Phacoemulsification ; Republic of Korea ; Wounds and Injuries

OBJECTIVE: Uveitis is the most common extra-articular manifestation occurring in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). This study examined the characteristics of uveitis in patients with AS using a questionnaire survey. METHODS: A questionnaire-based survey was given to patients enrolled in an AS registry at a rheumatology clinic in a tertiary hospital between September 2015 and December 2015. The patients responded to several questions and sub-questions related to uveitis. RESULTS: A total of 750 patients participated in the survey. The number of patients diagnosed with uveitis in the ophthalmology department was 218 (29%). The most common symptoms in patients with uveitis were ocular injection (61%), eye pain (54%), and decreased visual acuity (51%). Interestingly, 91 of the 532 patients (17%) who had not been diagnosed with uveitis before also experienced similar symptoms, such as tearing, ocular injection, and eye pain. The number of patients who experienced a flare of uveitis more than once a year was 109 (50%), and 124 patients with uveitis responded that the treatment of AS had no significant effect on the prevention of uveitis recurrence. CONCLUSION: The clinical characteristics of uveitis that patients experience was investigated through surveys. Because uveitis in patients with AS is not well diagnosed and treated, active screening for suspected symptoms and the prevention of a recurrence is needed.
Eye Pain ; Humans ; Korea ; Mass Screening ; Ophthalmology ; Recurrence ; Rheumatology ; Spondylitis, Ankylosing ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Tears ; Tertiary Care Centers ; Uveitis ; Visual Acuity

PURPOSE: To describe the characteristics and frequency of ophthalmologic findings in patients with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS). METHODS: The medical records of patients diagnosed with LGS at Seoul National University Children's Hospital from January 2004 to August 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. The records of 34 patients (mean age ± standard deviation, 2.66 ± 3.51 years; male, 58.8%) were reviewed. The primary measure was the incidence of ophthalmologic manifestations. RESULTS: Of the 34 patients, 88.2% had at least one ocular abnormality. Refractive error (52.9%) was the most frequently observed ophthalmologic manifestation in patients with LGS, followed by strabismus (32.4%), cortical visual impairment (23.5%), and retinopathy of prematurity (8.8%). Among these cases, seven patients had exotropia and three had esotropia. CONCLUSIONS: LGS is a childhood-onset epileptic encephalopathy with variable ophthalmologic manifestations, the most frequent being refractive errors. Patients with suspected LGS should be examined regularly because ophthalmological features can change during their disease course.
Brain Diseases ; Epilepsy ; Esotropia ; Exotropia ; Eye Manifestations ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Medical Records ; Refractive Errors ; Retinopathy of Prematurity ; Retrospective Studies ; Seoul ; Strabismus ; Vision Disorders

PURPOSE: To report a case of delayed infective endophthalmitis associated with exposure of scleral fixation knot. CASE SUMMARY: A 35-year-old female was transferred from a local clinic with sudden onset right eye pain under suspicion of uveitis. The patient received vitrectomy, scleral encircling and lensectomy for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment before 16 years. In addition, she underwent secondary scleral fixation of intraocular lens (IOL) 1 year previously. Best-corrected visual acuity was hand motion and intraocular pressure was 28 mmHg. Slit lamp examination revealed diffuse keratic precipitates and anterior chamber reaction was 4 positive. Exposed scleral fixation knot outside conjunctiva at 2 o' clock combined with suppurative discharge was observed. On fundus examination, red reflex was decreased due to vitreous haze. She was diagnosed as infective endophthalmitis associated with exposure of scleral fixation knot. The patient received vitrectomy and intravitreal injection of antibiotics and vitreous culture. After 2 days, IOL removal, silicone oil tamponade and intravitreal injection of antibiotics were performed due to uncontrolled inflammation with accompanying hypopyon. Hemophilus influenza was isolated in the vitreous sample. Removal of silicone oil was performed at 1 month. There was no recurrent inflammation at 1 year and she received scleral fixation of IOL for the second time. At 1 year and 3 months, corrected visual acuity was 0.4 without signs of inflammation. CONCLUSIONS: In cases of exposed scleral fixation knot after IOL insertion, a risk of endophthalmitis exists. Meticulous care is required when fixation knot is exposed due to thinning of overlying conjunctiva.
Adult ; Anterior Chamber ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Conjunctiva ; Endophthalmitis* ; Eye Pain ; Female ; Haemophilus ; Hand ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Influenza, Human ; Intraocular Pressure ; Intravitreal Injections ; Lenses, Intraocular ; Reflex ; Retinal Detachment ; Silicon ; Silicones ; Slit Lamp ; Uveitis ; Visual Acuity ; Vitrectomy

Dengue fever is an acute febrile disease that is caused by a mosquito-borne flavivirus. It has become a major infectious disease threat in tropical and subtropical areas. In Korea, travel-associated dengue fever is increasing. Thirty-five Koreans went to Sri Lanka to do volunteer activities. Eight of the volunteers developed fever, myalgia, and rash; they were diagnosed with dengue fever. Two patients had macular hemorrhages and edema with no ophthalmic symptoms. The maculopathy caused by the dengue fever improved without specific treatment.
Communicable Diseases ; Dengue* ; Edema ; Exanthema ; Eye Manifestations ; Fever ; Flavivirus ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Korea ; Myalgia ; Sri Lanka* ; Volunteers*

PURPOSE: To report a case of an orbital mass diagnosed as metastasis from small cell lung cancer and to provide a review of the literature. CASE SUMMARY: A 66-year-old male with a history of diabetes mellitus and hypertension presented with decreased visual acuity and exophthalmos in his left eye. He had been diagnosed with age-related macular degeneration 13 years prior and had a history of pneumonia that was treated for one month. The best corrected visual acuity was hand-motion in the right eye and 0.04 in the left eye. Optic disc swelling and splint hemorrhage of the left eye was observed on fundus examination. The left eye was protruded and eye movement was limited. On orbital magnetic resonance imaging, an irregular mass in the left intraconal space was found. Incisional biopsy was performed, and histopathologic examination revealed a small round tumor. According to the results of immunohistochemical staining, metastatic tumors were suspected. After systemic evaluation, the patient was diagnosed with primary small cell lung cancer with multiple metastases. After 2 months, the visual acuity was hand-motion and proptosis was not resolved. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with orbital masses, the possibility of metastatic tumors should be considered during differential diagnosis and early biopsy should be performed.
Aged ; Biopsy* ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Exophthalmos ; Eye Movements ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Macular Degeneration ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Orbit* ; Pneumonia ; Small Cell Lung Carcinoma* ; Splints ; Visual Acuity

PURPOSE: To report a case of bilateral optic disc edema associated with hypocalcemia. CASE SUMMARY: A 48-year-old woman visited our ophthalmology department with decreased vision and disturbance of the visual field in the right eye, which began 2 days prior to presentation. The patient history indicated she had undergone total thyroidectomy 3 months prior and was given an oral calcium preparation. She had no eye pain, headache, tinnitus or diplopia. Her best corrected visual acuity of both eyes was 1.0, and color vision was normal in both eyes although a mild relative afferent pupillary defect was present in the right eye. Severe bilateral optic disc edema was present in the right eye. A Humphrey visual field test revealed an enlarged blind spot and peripheral nasal step scotoma in the right eye. The Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) opening pressure was within the normal range and there were no abnormal findings regarding CSF. Additionally, there were no remarkable findings on brain magnetic resonance imaging nor neurologic tests. Her serum calcium was 5.9 mg/dL (normal range: total calcium 8.7-10.6 mg/dL), and an intravenous calcium supplement was started. Visual disturbance and optic disc edema improved 2 days after replacement and the optic disc edema completely dissolved 2 months later. CONCLUSIONS: Hypocalcemia may cause bilateral optic disc edema and can be recovered through adequate calcium supplementation, and it is necessary to prevent and promptly detect this rare complication.
Brain ; Calcium ; Cerebrospinal Fluid ; Color Vision ; Diplopia ; Edema* ; Eye Pain ; Female ; Headache ; Humans ; Hypocalcemia* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Middle Aged ; Ophthalmology ; Optic Disk ; Optic Nerve Diseases ; Papilledema ; Pupil Disorders ; Reference Values ; Scotoma ; Thyroidectomy ; Tinnitus ; Visual Acuity ; Visual Field Tests ; Visual Fields